Study on Electric and Magnetic Methods of Nucleic Acid Purification and Application in Microfluidic Chip

微全分析系统(μ-TAS)具备在芯片实验室上实现分析过程集成化、自动化和缩微化的特点，能够极大地减少试剂的消耗量、缩短分析时间、提高分析检测效率。因此，在疾病诊断、生化分析、临床检测等领域获得了普遍关注。通过不同功能芯片的使用，达到分析全过程多种功能的集成，是实现微全分析系统集成化的有效途径之一。针对复杂生化样品体系，样品预处理是实现整个μ-TAS分析的前提，而目前样品预处理技术正成为μ-TAS向集成化、高效率、连续化发展必须突破的瓶颈之一。 在基因分析和疾病检测中,常常需要进行DNA提取、DNA扩增和DNA分离检测等步骤，其中DNA的提取是决定基因分析成败与质量的关键步骤。传统的核酸提取方...Miniaturized total analytical system(μ-TAS) has the great potential to realize analytic process integration, automatization and minimization on chip, it can greatly reduce reagent volume, shorten analysis time and improve testing efficiency, which earns its popularity in the fields of disease diagnoses, biochemical analysis,clinic test and so on．One of effective approaches to realize integration i...学位：理学硕士院系专业：化学化工学院化学系_分析化学学号：2052006115191

具有单参数空间对称群的向量场及其约化

对于保持某n-形式的n维向量场，应用Lie群的方法得到结论：当这类向量场有保持n-形式的空间参数对称群时，可具体地构造出一个与该向量场无关的变换，它不仅使向量场约化掉一维，并且使得约化向量场保持相应的(n-1)-形式。特别，当n=3时，简单地得到了Mezie和Wiggins最近得到的重要结果

从法定证据到公开心证——民事诉讼中发现真相与抑制主观随意性之间的历史抉择

证据裁判主义要解决的一个核心问题是如何在发挥法官主观能动性以探明案件真相的同时抑制法官的主观随意性。在不同时代,受当时认识水平与诉讼制度的影响,人们针对上述的问题作出不同的选择,这样的选择可以视为一种从法定证据到自由心证的过程。在现代民事诉讼中,传统的自由心证已为更具合理性的公开心证所取代。当前我国法官判断证据的原则可以视为是一种"类自由心证",理性的选择应该是在恢复传统自由心证精神的同时,构筑适合我国国情的公开心证支持体系

表面电性可控磁珠微流控芯片在DNA提取中的应用

制备了表面电性可控的氨基化SiO2@Fe3O4磁性复合微球,采用激光刻蚀和热压键合的方法制作了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）材质的DNA固相萃取芯片,将磁珠灌注于芯片通道中,借助永磁铁固定并控制磁珠,将磁珠芯片应用于人类全血中的基因组DNA提取,优化了提取实验条件,并对提取产物进行凝胶电泳和PCR分析。实验结果表明,磁珠微流控芯片成功地从全血中提取出纯度较高的基因组DNA,提取效率约35%,提取液的凝胶电泳条带与商品化试剂盒提取的基因组DNA一致,提取液可用于进一步的PCR反应。国家星火计划项目(No.2015GA721002);;黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室开放基金(No.SKLLQG1607);;福建省中青年教师科技计划项目(No.JAT170817)资助~

一种新型分光光度计液槽的设计及其在临床生化检验中的应用

设计并制作了可容纳塑料离心管的新型分光光度计液池。液池适用的样品体积变化范围宽(10~500μL),尤其适合于生物临床样品、强碱性介质以及大批样品的分析。该装置应用于血清蛋白质(总蛋白、白蛋白)、尿素氮、葡萄糖的测定及聚合酶链式反应(PCR)反应管的均一性检验,取得了满意的结果

Determination of 24 Trace Level of Rare Earth and Metal Elements in Coastal and Estuarine Seawater by Polymer Complexation-Ultrafiltration Technique and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

建立了聚丙烯酸螯合-超滤(PCP-uf)分离富集、电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定海水中痕量稀土及金属元素的方法。PH值高于7.5时,海水中的稀土离子、Cu2+、Pb2+、Cd2+、CO2+、nI2+等与聚丙烯酸(PAA)形成稳定的高分子螯合物,经超滤截留、硝酸解离后,实现了稀土及金属元素从海水中的分离、富集;采用ICP-MS的全定量数据采集模式、内标校正的标准校正曲线法对待测元素进行定量分析。在优化实验条件下,方法的相对标准偏差(rSd)为1.7%~7.3%,加标回收率为73%~96%;方法的定量下限(lOQS,10σ)为0.23~13.9 ng/l,方法空白为0.09~8.38 ng/l。建立的方法可用于近岸及河口海水中痕量稀土及金属元素的同时测定。A method of polyacrylic acid-complexation and ultrafiltration for matrix modification and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)was developed for the determination of 24 trace level of rare earth elements(REEs) and metal elements in coastal and estuarine seawater.REEs ions,Cu2+,Pb2+,Cd2+,Co2+,Ni2+ could reacted with polyacrylic acid(PAA) to form stable complexes when the pH value was above 7.5,which could be separated and enriched absolutely after trapped and eluted from the ultrafilter.Full quantitative data collection mode and internal standard calibration curve were used for the ICP-MS determination.Under the optimized conditions,the relative standard deviations(RSDs) were in the range of 1.7%-7.3%,and the spiked recoveries were between 73% and 96%.The limits of quantitation(LOQs,10σ) ranged from 0.23 ng/L to 13.9 ng/L.The method blank ranged from 0.09 ng/L to 8.38 ng/L.The developed method could be applied in the simultaneous determination of REEs and metal elements in coastal and estuarine seawater.厦门大学近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室自主创新项目(MELRI0703

Separation and Enrichment of Melamine in Feed by a New Molecular Imprinting Solid-phase Extraction Column

[目的]研制一种新型的分子印迹固相萃取小柱,用于分离富集饲料中的三聚氰胺。[方法]采用本体聚合法制备了三聚氰胺分子印迹聚合物,以该聚合物为填料制作三聚氰胺分子印迹固相萃取(MIP-SPE)小柱,优化了固相萃取条件,应用高效液相色谱(HPlC)法测定浓缩液中的三聚氰胺含量。[结果]自制的MIP-SPE小柱可以从饲料中选择性地分离、富集三聚氰胺,有效地去除饲料中的复杂基质,加标回收率约为95%。MIP-SPE小柱与空白印迹固相萃取小柱(nMIP-SPE)的对比试验表明,前者的萃取效率明显高于后者。[结论]自制的新型三聚氰胺MIP-SPE小柱可用于饲料提取液中的三聚氰胺高选择性分离富集,使用简便,具有广阔的应用前景。[Objective] The research aimed to develop a new molecular imprinting solid-phase extraction column for the separation and enrichment of melamine in feed.[Method] The molecular imprinting polymer of melamine was prepared by noumenon polymeric method.This polymer was used as filler to prepare molecular imprinting polymer solid-phase extraction(MIP-SPE) column of melamine.The solid-phase extraction conditions were optimized and melamine content in concentrated solution was determined by using HPLC.[Result]Melamine could be separated selectively from feed and enriched by home-made MIP-SPE column.It could wipe off complex matrix from feed and the addition recovery rate was 95%.The contrast experiment between MIP-SPE column and NMIP-SPE(non-imprinted polymer-solid phase extraction) column showed that the extraction efficiency of the former was obviously higher than the latter.[Conclusion] The home-made MIP-SPE column could be used to separate and enrich melamine in feed efficiently,with a broad application prospect.厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20110018

Comparison between the Electroless Copper Plating Processes Using Sodiu m Hypophosphite and For maldehyde as Reductants

比较并评价了以甲醛和以次磷酸钠为还原剂的化学镀铜工艺。结果表明,次磷酸钠镀铜液的稳定性高于甲醛镀铜液,次磷酸钠镀液的沉积速率高于甲醛镀液。以甲醛为还原剂的镀层晶粒细小,而以次磷酸钠为还原剂的镀层呈团粒状。甲醛镀铜层铜的质量分数接近100%,次磷酸钠镀铜层中铜的质量分数为93.9%,镍的质量分数为6.1%,镀层为铜-镍合金。以甲醛为还原剂的化学镀铜层的电导率、抗拉强度、延伸率等物理性能均优于次磷酸钠化学镀铜层。The processes of the electroless copper plating using sodium hypophosphite and formaldehyde as reductants were compared and evaluated.The results show that the electrolyte using sodium hypophosphite as reducing agent is more stable than that using formaldehyde as reducing agent;the electroless deposition rate of the sodium hypophosphite solution is higher than that of the formaldehyde bath;the deposit grains are very fine and dense when using formaldehyde as reductant,and the other is of agglomerate morphology;the copper content in formaldehyde's deposit is nearly 100%(wt),and the deposit from sodium hypophosphite bath contains 93.9%(wt) copper and 6.1%(wt) nickel;the conductirity,tensile strength and ductibility of formaldehyde's deposit are better than that from the sodium hypophosphite solution.国家科技攻关计划资助项目(2004BA325C

高效液相色谱-质谱法同时测定猪尿中克伦特罗和莱克多巴胺

克伦特罗和莱克多巴胺同属于β_2-肾上腺素受体激动剂(简称β_2-兴奋剂),能够改善动物养分的代谢途径,促进动物肌肉的合成,抑制脂肪合成的积累,因此常被不法分子添加于动物饲料或饮用水中,以提高胴体瘦肉率。由于其易在动物肝脏中积聚残留,并通过食物链进入人体。人类食用后,可能出

Study on the Distributions of Lead and Cadmium in Rats by ICP-MS with Stable Isotope Tracer

采用稳定同位素示踪技术研究重金属元素铅、镉在大鼠体内的分布,通过对大鼠进行浓缩同位素206Pb、112Cd灌喂,解剖取其肝、肾、睾丸和心脏等脏器,通过相应的化学处理,用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测量铅、镉元素在各个脏器中的含量及其同位素组成变化。根据同位素比值的变化研究Pb、Cd在各脏器中的分布、蓄积规律和各脏器对引入的浓缩同位素利用率。结果发现:重金属Pb和Cd蓄积的最主要场所是肝和肾,其次是睾丸和心脏,而在脑中的积累最少。在肝和肾中Cd的同位素利用率为0.0488%、0.0154%,Pb的同位素利用率为0.0101%、0.0078%,远高于其它脏器。与传统的方法相比较,该法具有更接近慢性中毒、危害性小,能将重金属来源分为天然来源和人为引入等特点。The distributions of lead and cadmium in rats were studied using stable isotope tracer technique.The rats were fed with enriched stable isotope 206Pb and 112Cd,then the liver,kidney,testicle and heart were eviscerated.After chemical treatment,the contents of lead and cadmium and their isotope ratios in each viscera were determined by ICP-MS.Experimental results showed that lead and cadmium accumulated mostly in liver and kidney,next in testicle and heart,and least in brain.The utilization rates of cadmium and lead isotopes in liver were 0.048 8% and 0.010 1%,respectively,and in kidney 0.015 4% and 0.007 8%,respectively.Compared with the traditional methods,the present method can differentiate the origins of lead and cadmium.福建省重大科技项目资助课题(2003Y005-04,2003Y003