Study on Glucocorticoid & Phenothiazine and drug metabolism by UPLC-MS-MS

当前，食品、药品安全事件频发，由此造成的危害以及安全隐患严重危害大众的身体健康与生命安全，影响社会经济秩序。食品安全已经成为一个全球性的问题，如何完善食品安全检验检测体系，加强食品安全国际协作与发展等问题已成为食品行业发展的重中之重。糖皮质激素是由肾上腺皮质分泌的一类甾体激素，在临床上用途十分广泛。目前人们在喂养牲畜中常加入此药作为动物生长调节剂,以达到促进动物蛋白质合成与代谢,从而增加产肉量的目的，此药在食品中残留会给人体健康带来危害。吩噻嗪类药物是一种比较常见的神经性药物，它们主要作用于大脑网状结构，以减轻焦虑紧张、幻觉妄想和病理性思维等精神症状。其在兽医临床上的药理作用广泛，饲料中添加此...The increasing number of food and drug safety incidents occured worldwide has endangered public health and saftty,and excerting negative impact on our socio-economic order.With the ever faster pace toward economic globalization, food safty has thus become a globe issue facing every country in the world.How to improve the food safety inspection system, and to strengthen international collaboration ...学位：理学硕士院系专业：化学化工学院化学系_分析化学学号：2052006115191

Determination of Chlorpromazine and Promethazine and Their Metabolites in Animal Food Using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry

建立了动物源食品中吩噻嗪类药物氯丙嗪、异丙嗪及其代谢物氯丙嗪亚砜和异丙嗪亚砜同时测定的固相萃取超高效液相色谱-电喷雾电离串联四极杆质谱(uPlC-ESIMS/MS)方法。样品用乙酸乙酯和氢氧化钠溶液提取,OASIS Hlb柱富集净化,超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四极杆质谱仪检测,采用多反应监测正离子模式,可以一次性对动物源性食品中的吩噻嗪类药物氯丙嗪、异丙嗪及其代谢物氯丙嗪亚砜和异丙嗪亚砜进行定性和定量测定。方法在1--100μg/l范围具有良好的线性,回收率为76%--96%,定量下限(S/n>10)为异丙嗪5μg/kg,氯丙嗪、氯丙嗪亚砜、异丙嗪亚砜1μg/kg。检出限(S/n=3)为异丙嗪1.5μg/kg,氯丙嗪、氯丙嗪亚砜、异丙嗪亚砜0.3μg/kg。A method for the simultaneous detection residues of chlorpromazine and promethazine and their metabolites chlorpromazine sulphoxide and promethazine sulphoxide in animal foods was developed by using solid phase extraction(SPE) combination with ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization triple-quadruple tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-ESI MS/MS).The chlorpromazine and promethazine and their metabolites in the test sample was extracted with ethyl acetate and sodium hydroxide solution.The homogenate was centrifuged and the supernatant was collected.The extract was cleaned up and concentrated on an Oasis HLB cartridge,and then analyzed by UPLC-ESI MS/MS under the positive ion mode using multiple reaction monitoring(MRM) mode.Extraction and chromatographic conditions were optimized and the best separation was obtained.The cabalibration curves were linear in the range of 1-100 μg/L.The average recoveries were between 76% and 96%(n=6) in the spiked range of 5-100 μg/kg in pork,fish,dullfrog and milk.The limits of quantification(S/N>10) were in the range of 1-5 μg/kg and the limits of detection(S/N=3) were 0.3-1.5 μg/kg.国家质量监督检验检疫总局科研计划资助项目(2007IK137

Study on the Distributions of Lead and Cadmium in Rats by ICP-MS with Stable Isotope Tracer

采用稳定同位素示踪技术研究重金属元素铅、镉在大鼠体内的分布,通过对大鼠进行浓缩同位素206Pb、112Cd灌喂,解剖取其肝、肾、睾丸和心脏等脏器,通过相应的化学处理,用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测量铅、镉元素在各个脏器中的含量及其同位素组成变化。根据同位素比值的变化研究Pb、Cd在各脏器中的分布、蓄积规律和各脏器对引入的浓缩同位素利用率。结果发现:重金属Pb和Cd蓄积的最主要场所是肝和肾,其次是睾丸和心脏,而在脑中的积累最少。在肝和肾中Cd的同位素利用率为0.0488%、0.0154%,Pb的同位素利用率为0.0101%、0.0078%,远高于其它脏器。与传统的方法相比较,该法具有更接近慢性中毒、危害性小,能将重金属来源分为天然来源和人为引入等特点。The distributions of lead and cadmium in rats were studied using stable isotope tracer technique.The rats were fed with enriched stable isotope 206Pb and 112Cd,then the liver,kidney,testicle and heart were eviscerated.After chemical treatment,the contents of lead and cadmium and their isotope ratios in each viscera were determined by ICP-MS.Experimental results showed that lead and cadmium accumulated mostly in liver and kidney,next in testicle and heart,and least in brain.The utilization rates of cadmium and lead isotopes in liver were 0.048 8% and 0.010 1%,respectively,and in kidney 0.015 4% and 0.007 8%,respectively.Compared with the traditional methods,the present method can differentiate the origins of lead and cadmium.福建省重大科技项目资助课题(2003Y005-04,2003Y003

Study on CA speciation in different tissues of rats by stable isotope tracer with SEC-ICP-MS

通过建立凝胶排阻色谱分离紫外与电感耦合等离子体质谱在线检测的联用技术,研究了灌喂低浓度镉富集同位素后大鼠各器官中镉与蛋白结合的形态。结果发现,镉主要在肝、肾、睾丸中与硫蛋白结合形成金属硫蛋白。与传统方法相比,该法危害性小、具有更接近慢性中毒、能将重金属来源分为天然来源和人为引入等特点。The experiment aims to study combination of Cd and proteins in different tissues of rat fed with Cd isotope by SEC-UV-ICP-MS.In testicle,liver and kidney,Cd-MTs were found to be the binding product of Cd and MTs.This method is much more accurate,humanl than traditional method,and be able to distinguish the heavy metal from nature and artificiality.福建省重大科技(2003Y005-04)和(2003Y003)项目资

Applying SEM to Study the Preparation of Mesoporous Silica Particles by Reverse Micelle Method

以十六烷基三甲基溴化胺(CTAb)为模板,采用反相胶束法合成不同粒径的二氧化硅微球,并利用扫描电镜(SEM)对所制备的微球进行表征.考察了体系中乙醇/水比例、氨水用量、CTAb用量、温度和搅拌速度这5个条件对所制备的二氧化硅微球的粒径、均一性及分散性的影响.实验结果表明:增加体系中乙醇/水的比例将减小纳米颗粒的粒径,同时显著提高纳米颗粒的均一性和分散性;随着氨水用量的增加,微球的粒径先减小后增加,适当的氨水浓度有利于制备粒径均一的微球;增加CTAb的用量,微球的粒径增加;降低反应温度有利于合成大粒径、均一性好的微球;同时,提高搅拌速度也有利于制备均一性良好的微球.Silica nanoparticles with different diameters were synthesized by reverse micelle method using CTAB as template and were characterized by SEM.The effects of the ethanol/water ratio,the amounts of ammonia and CTAB,the temperature and the stir speed on the size,uniformity and dispersibility of the prepared silica nanoparticles were fully studied,respectively.The results demonstrated that increasing the ethanol/water ratio would decrease the nanoparticles' size with markedly improved uniformity.Increasing the amount of ammonia led to an initiative decrease and succedent increase to the size of the nanoparticles.Appropriate amount of ammonia was propitious to nanoparticles with good uniformity and dispersion.More CTAB also led to increased size of the silica nanoparticles.Furthermore,lower temperature was found to be favorable to formation of bigger and more monodisperse silica nanoparticles,and higher stir speed was also found to be effective for formation of nanoparticles with good uniformity and dispersibility.国家“863”计划(2007AA09Z115)资

INVESTIGATION of ADSORPTION,DISTRIBUTION AND MIGRATION of LEAD BETWEEN ENVIRONMENT AND PLANT BY STABLE LEAD ISOTOPIC TRACER

以低浓度的稳定铅同位素为示踪剂,采用电感耦合等离子质谱法,通过盆栽实验,考察了在不同的PH值环境和不同铅源引入方式下,茶树植株对铅的吸收情况以及铅在植株体内的分布及迁移规律.结果表明:茶树植株对大气铅源污染的反应比土壤铅源污染灵敏;大气铅源污染有往顶端(芽)迁移的趋势,而土壤铅源污染则主要聚集在根部;低PH条件增强植株对铅的吸收且能促使植株体内的铅的往高处迁移.本实验方法危害小,更接近植株承受低浓度污染的实际情况,能区分实验引入铅源和环境引入铅源.Low concentration isotopic lead tracer(SRM982)was adopted,ICP-MS was used as a detection tool.By pot test,the chemical action of lead in tea under the condition of different pH and different modes of lead exposure was studied.Simulated rain water(CPb=0.5mg·l-1) was used to pot soil and spray leaf to investigate the adsorption,distribution and migration of lead in two systerms:atmosphere-tea and soil-tea.The results are:1.the reaction to lead pollution from atmosphere is more sensitive than that from soil;2.the migration and distribution in tea of lead pollution from atmosphere and from soil is different,the former has the trend of conveying to bud while the latter focus mainly in root;3.pH has an evidently effect on the migration of lead in tea,generally,low pH facilitates migration to upper parts.This method has the advantages that tea beared low polution,and the hazard to plant is less than traditional ways.In addition,lead from environment and from tracer can be separated.国家“863”计划(2007AA09Z115)资

Knowledge Representation Language NFA and Its Application in Expert System for Oil Log Interpretation

石油测井解释是一项逻辑推理和数值计算交错进行的复杂过程。为了描述测井解释专家的这种知识、经验并模拟其思维方式,在扩充纯产生式规则的基础上,我们开发了知识表达语言——NFA,它把逻辑推理和数值计算综合成统一的形式。石油测井解释专家系统 LIX 先后在 INTERDATA-85机和 PE-3230机上实现,现场(胜利油田)运行近两年,解释了130余口井,符合率94%以上。LIX 实质上是 NFA 语言的解释系统,它的研制成功,说明了 NFA 语言的有效性和实用性

西瓜新品种'裕农新1号'/A New Seedless Watermelon Cultivar 'Yunongxin 1'[J]

裕农新1号'为中晚熟三倍体无籽西瓜新品种.全生育期95 d.果实高球形,果面绿色布深绿条带,果肉红色,品质优,中心糖度达12%.平均单瓜质量6.0～7.0 kg,一般产量40～45 t·hm-2.商品性好,耐贮运

塔城西伯利亚落叶松树轮密度的气候响应研究/Climatic response of Larix sibirica tree-ring density parameters in Tacheng,Xinjiang[J]

根据树轮密度实验的基本原理,选取新疆最具代表性的针叶树种西伯利亚落叶松,设计出一套完整的树轮密度实验流程,对Dendro2003树轮密度分析系统的校正系数进行计算,得出落叶松校正系数为0.761.通过与单芯校正系数的比对,发现在大样本量的条件下,采用此校正系数对树轮密度值进行校正,产生的误差很小,并通过实验获取的密度数据,重建了一条温度序列,效果良好.对比瑞士联邦森林雪景观研究院(WSL)和中国气象局气候中心树轮研究室的树轮密度校正系数,发现两个实验室的校正系数区别较大,这可能是受到系统自身的光学性质和实验环境的影响,说明在正式实验前确定校正系数是必须的.通过对塔城东部的西伯利亚落叶松的树轮密度研究发现,塔城东部西伯利亚落叶松对春夏季最高温度具有良好的响应,并具有建立较长的温度序列的潜力

古尔班通古特沙漠南缘32种藜科植物种子萌发策略初探[J]

对古尔班通古特沙漠南缘32种藜科植物的萌发特性（萌发率、萌发开始时间、平均萌发时间和萌发持续时间）进行研究,以探讨藜科植物的不同萌发对策及其生态适应意义。结果表明,32种植物萌发率呈双峰型,其中萌发率大于80%,或小于20%的种占大多数;萌发开始时间呈单峰型,28种植物在1～3d内开始萌发;平均萌发时间也呈单峰型,平均萌发时间小于5d的植物21种,最大的为杂配藜（23.7d）;萌发持续时间种间差异较大,其中15种植物萌发持续时间小于15d,10种植物持续时间在15～30d,5种植物大于30d。主成分分析和聚类分析结果表明,32种植物可划分为4种萌发类型：爆发型、过渡型、缓萌型和低萌型。以上结果揭示出32种藜科植物种子萌发策略不尽相同,表现为机会主义萌发策略、下注萌发策略和谨慎萌发策略,这与植物所处土壤盐渍化程度存在差异有关。此外,Log尺度下32种藜科植物种子大小及其变异范围较小（10-2～101）,暗示多数藜科植物多为小种子,其容易沿缝隙进入土壤形成短暂或永久种子库,这也是沙漠植物生存策略的重要一环