Insecticidal Activity for Benzaldehyde L-Cysteine Schiff Base Combined with Xylosma Wood Vinegar

木醋碱杀虫剂是一种基于木炭副产物木醋液的绿色杀虫剂,是将精馏木醋液、苯甲醛L-半胱氨酸席夫碱、水杨酸按照一定比例配制而成的.以酪氨酸酶筛选模型研究了苯甲醛L-半胱氨酸席夫碱、精馏木醋液、木醋碱杀虫剂对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用,其导致酪氨酸酶活性的半抑制质量浓度(IC50)分别为15,2.53,0.53 mg/m L.探讨了木醋碱杀虫剂对小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella)、棉铃虫(Helicoverpa armigera)、玉米螟(Pyrausta nubilalis)幼虫的杀虫活性,结果表明木醋碱杀虫剂中苯甲醛L-半胱氨酸席夫碱质量浓度达到15 mg/m L时即可对小菜蛾、棉铃虫、玉米螟二龄幼虫达到很好的杀灭效果.急性毒理实验表明木醋碱杀虫剂实际无毒.慢性毒理研究按照3 g/kg给药量连续灌胃3个月,昆明小鼠的肝脏和肾脏并不存在毒理性变化,表明木醋碱杀虫剂没有慢性毒性.综上所述,木醋碱杀虫剂不仅对酪氨酸酶有很好的抑制作用,还对小菜蛾、棉铃虫、玉米螟等常见农业害虫具有较强的毒杀活性,且实际无毒,具有良好的农业应用前景.The wood vinegar was based on by-product in the process of firing Xylosma charcoal.The wood vinegar base insecticide was a new green type insecticide.We mixed the rectificated wood vinegar,benzaldehyde L-cysteine Schiff base and salicylic acid to make the wood vinegar base insecticide proportionally.The inhibition on tyrosinase in screening model of benzaldehyde L-cysteine Schiff base,rectificated wood vinegar and the wood vinegar base insecticide were determined. The half maximal inhibitory concentration( IC50) were 15,2. 53,0. 53 mg/m L,respectively.Additionally,the insecticidal effects on Plutella xylostella,Pyrausta nubilalis and Helicoverpa armigera of wood vinegar base insecticide were investigated.The results showed that the wood vinegar base insecticide could effectively kill the second-stage juveniles of P.xylostella,P. nubilalis and H. armigera. The results showed that the wood vinegar base insecticide had insecticidal effect.The acute toxicological results showed that the wood vinegar base insecticide had no toxicity.In the chronic toxicological experiment,the group was given a gavage of 3 g / kg with the wood vinegar base insecticide in 3 months.We took the liver and kidney in paraffin section and HE staining after executing the Kunming mouse with cervical dislocation method.The results showed that the wood vinegar base insecticide had no chronic toxicity.In conclusion,the wood vinegar base insecticide could not only inhibit the tyrosinase acitivity,but also show good insecticidal effects on P. xylostella,P. nubilalis and H. armigera with low toxicity.The wood vinegar base insecticide had shown good application prospects in agricultural areas.国家自然科学基金(31371857

Surface structure-controlled synthesis of nanocrystals through supersaturation dependent growth strategy

纳米晶体很多重要的物理化学性质与其表面结构密切相关, 纳米晶的表面结构调控及相关理论研究是前沿和热点领域.; 本评述总结了非平衡态过饱和条件下纳米晶体生长热力学相关理论及其在离子晶体、分子晶体、贵金属、氧化物、金属有机框架等5类纳米晶体表面结构控制中的应; 用. 从热力学推导出的"类"Thomson-Gibbs方程可以发现, 晶体裸露晶面的表面能与其生长过程生长基元的过饱和度成正比.; 该理论揭示了过饱和度在纳米晶体表面结构控制中的重要作用, 为合理设计合成具有特定表面结构的纳米晶提供了有效指导.Many physical and chemical properties of nanocrystals are closely; related to their surface structures. Studies on the surface structure; control of nanocrystals and related theories are hot and frontier; research topics recently. In this review, we introduce the; supersaturation control strategy and its application in the surface; structure control of nanocrystals ranging from ionic, molecular,; metallic, metal oxide, to metal-organic frameworks crystals. Deduced; from thermodynamics, it can be found that the surface energy of; nanocrystals is directly proportional to the supersaturation of growth; units. The relationship between supersaturation and surface energy; provides an important theoretical basis for the controlled synthesis of; nanocrystals with specific surface structure.国家重点基础研究发展计划; 国家自然科学基金项目; 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助; 中国博士后科学基

低品位萤石湿法制氟硅酸钠

在60℃温度下,用30%硫酸与二氧化硅作用于含氟化钙85%的低品位萤石矿,反应持续1小时半,在氯化钠过量的条件下第一次沉淀可得到合格品氟硅酸钠的产率达75%以上,经后处理可使产率提高至90%

Platinum-nickel alloy excavated nano-multipods with hexagonal close-packed structure and superior activity towards hydrogen evolution reaction

铂镍合金在氢析出(HER)、氧还原(ORR)等重要能量转化反应中具有优异催化性质，受到了人们广泛的关注。近日，谢兆雄教授课题组通过简单的溶剂热方法，首次合成出六方晶系的铂镍合金枝状纳米晶，其中每个枝杈结构由六个{11-20}高能晶面裸露的超薄纳米片组装而成。与面心立方晶系铂镍合金相比，亚稳态的六方晶系铂镍合金在HER反应中表现出更加优异的性质。当电流密度为10 mA·cm-2时，其过电位仅有65 mV，同时质量电流密度高达3.03 mA·µgPt-1 (-70 m V vs. RHE)，是目前为止报道的HER催化剂中质量活性最高的，其突出的催化性能主要来源于晶相作用(同质异晶)及大的比表面积。该项工作为发展高催化性能的铂基合金纳米晶提供了新的研究思路。该研究是在谢兆雄教授和蒋亚琪副教授指导下，与傅钢教授共同合作完成。实验部分由博士生曹振明（第一作者）、陈巧丽、沈守宇、卢邦安，硕士生李慧齐以及博士后张嘉伟共同完成，理论计算部分由傅钢教授课题组完成。【Abstract】Crystal phase regulations may endow materials with enhanced or new functionalities. However, syntheses of noble metal-based allomorphic nanomaterials are extremely difficult, and only a few successful examples have been found. Herein, we report the discovery of hexagonal close-packed Pt–Ni alloy, despite the fact that Pt–Ni alloys are typically crystallized in face-centred cubic structures. The hexagonal close-packed Pt–Ni alloy nano-multipods are synthesized via a facile one-pot solvothermal route, where the branches of nano-multipods take the shape of excavated hexagonal prisms assembled by six nanosheets of 2.5nm thickness. The hexagonal close-packed Pt–Ni excavated nano-multipods exhibit superior catalytic property towards the hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline electrolyte. The overpotential is only 65mV versus reversible hydrogen electrode at a current density of 10 mAcm-2 , and the mass current density reaches 3.03mA µgPt-1 at -70mV versus reversible hydrogen electrode, which outperforms currently reported catalysts to the best of our knowledge.This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant 2015CB932301), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 21333008, 21603178 and J1030415) and the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China (No. 2014J01058). 该研究工作得到科技部（批准号：2015CB932301）、国家自然科学基金委（批准号：21333008, 21603178 和 J1030415）和福建省自然科学基金委（No. 2014J01058）的大力资助与支持

Detection of conducting particles bonding in the circuit of liquid crystal display

在薄膜晶体管液晶显示器线路检测中,常通过对线路中的导电薄膜粒子的计数和定位实现其导电性的自动检测。为了解决窄边框线路中粒子密度增大带来的粒子重叠; 问题,提出一种采用微分干涉成像和掩模法结合k均值聚类的算法,在分离出粒子的亮、暗部后,结合图像熵值和粒子的凸性准确分割出粒子。讨论了聚类簇选值的; 影响,通过不同粒子密度、不同粒子尺寸的样本检验本文算法,并与以往的梯度结合灰度的方法进行对比。结果表明:本文算法在粒子密度较小的区域能达到92.; 6%的识别率,在粒子密度较大的区域也能达到86%的识别率,分别比梯度加灰度的方法提高了9.9%和42.7%。解决了粒子重叠的问题,并且对光场和成; 像效果有更好的鲁棒性。By counting and locating anisotropic conductive film (ACF)particles in; the circuit of thin film transistor liquid crystal display(TFT-LCD),it; can determine the circuit's conductivity.In order to solve the overlap; problem caused by density increasing of particles in narrow bezel,we put; forward a algorithm based on differential interference; contrast(DIC)imaging,the algorithm integrates mask method and k-means; clustering detection algorithm.After separating particles of bright and; shadow, we can effectively segment the particles by judging the entropy; of image and the convexity of particles. The value of clustering cluster; is discussed,and comparing with the previous method based on gradient; and gray level,we test the samples of different particle density and; particle size with our proposed algorithm.It indicates that in the case; of circuit with the lower particle density,the recognition rate of our; method can reach 92.6%,in the area with the higher particle density,the; recognition rate can also reach 86%,it is higher than the recognition; rate of method combined gradient and gray respectively by 9.9%and; 42.7%.The proposed algorithm is also more robust to the light field and; the imaging effect.福建省高校产学合作项

A Dynamic Perception Coefficients Self-tuning Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm Based on Nonlinear Systems

在优化非线性复杂系统问题中,智能算法已成为一种重要手段.提出了一种基于动态感知系数的自适应粒子群优化(particle swarm; optimization,PSO)算法(self-tuning; PSO,SPSO),将PSO算法的感知系数与神经网络算法结合,并于在线学习训练过程中动态调整感知系数,改善了PSO算法的计算效率以及全局收敛效率; .进一步将2个相互关联的神经网络比例积分微分(proportion integration; differentiation,PID)神经网络及SPSO神经网络结合起来,使其能有效解决非线性控制模型的问题.为了验证该算法,引入了4个仿真例; 及2种PSO优化算法传统PSO(conventional PSO,CPSO)和修正PSO(modified; PSO,MPSO),来比较SPSO算法在解决控制问题中的非线性复杂系统的高效性,结果显示SPSO算法有较好的全局收敛性能、收敛速度以及较强的鲁棒; 性.We propose a dynamic perception-coefficients algorithm,called; self-tuning particle swarm optimization (SPSO) in this paper, which is; used for determining optimal nonlinear systems.The theory of SPSO; integrates conventional PSO (CPSO) with neural network (NN) and trains; perception coefficients with the gradient descent algorithm to improve; computational efficiency,rate of convergence and global convergence.Then; we combine proportional-integral-derivative (PID) NN with SPSO to; optimize complex nonlinear systems.This paper presents four examples and; another two optimization algorithms CPSO modified PSO(MPSO) to help; estimate performances of the proposed SPSO.The result demonstrates that; the SPSO exhibits great performances in global convergence, rate of; convergence and strong robustness while optimizing complex nonlinear; systems.福建省科技计划项目; 泉州市科技计划项

东湖水中有毒有机物的气相色谱分析

本文采用自制的聚硅氧烷负载氮杂18冠6(PUAC-18-C-6)和OV-101弹性石英毛细管柱对东湖水及排污口废水进行了分析,分离出78个有机化合物,并对其中的石油烃(C_9—C_(28))和有机氯农药六六六进行了定量测定。分析结果表明,东湖的污染程度受水的流向、水生生物的分布及污染源的影响

新疆哈密市土屋－延东铜矿典型矿床研究

该项目研究了土屋-延东斑岩铜矿床的成矿地质背景、斑岩体、围岩时代、主要成矿顺序、矿石组成、围岩蚀变和成矿机制等。通过研究，认为闪长玢岩不是斑岩，而是火山岩，是企鹅山群火山岩的一部分，时代不是早石炭世。企鹅山群火山岩为志留纪，时代变化于443～416Ma。含矿斑岩只有斜长花岗斑岩，时代为355～362Ma，相当于泥盆纪末期的产物。辉钼矿的生成时代为320Ma，蚀变和矿化的时代变化于340～310Ma。年代学应用了多种方法相互检验，其中包括SHRIMP、单颗粒锆石U-Pb、辉钼矿Re-Os、Os-Nd、Rb-Sr、独居石U-Th-Pb、K-Ar和Ar-Ar等。系统地研究了流体包裹体，主要包括气液包裹体、多相包裹体和少量CO_2包裹体

Peat sedimentation and its response to climate change of Huahu peatland on Zoige plateau

青藏高原东北缘若尔盖高原泥炭地一直是第四纪气候变化和地质活动的研究热点。通过210Pb放射性测年技术的恒定补给速率模式建立若尔盖高原花湖泥炭地30 cm泥炭剖面的高精度年代框架(1824—2011年),得出该年代序列下泥炭剖面的厚度沉积速率为0.16 cm·a~(-1),加权平均沉积通量为0.082 g·cm~(-2)·a~(-1)。通过泥炭的干容重和有机碳含量,计算出泥炭剖面的有机碳沉积速率,即近现代碳积累速率为86.12 g·m~(-2)·a~(-1)。结合气象台站观测数据、卫星观测模拟数据以及气候代用指标重建的气候数据,探讨年平均气温和年平均降水对该泥炭地碳积累速率的影响,得出花湖泥炭地对近现代气候变化的响应主导因子为降水。为进一步研究若尔盖高原泥炭地的泥炭发育和碳积累情况提供参考依据