Influence of Hot-humid Stress on HSPs mediated TLR4 signal channel in ETEC induced diarrhea mice and intervention effect of Sanren Decoction

旅行者腹泻（Travelers’Diarrhea，TD)作为感染性腹泻病中的一种特殊类型，具有与地区、时间密切相关的流行病学特征。首先，TD发生与旅游目的地密切相关，Dupont[1]根据旅行者腹泻发生率的高低，将全球分为三类地区，南亚、非洲、拉丁美洲大多数的国家属高风险地区。其次，旅行者来源地亦影响TD发病率，即若旅行者来源地与目的地气候社会生活条件相仿，则TD发生率较低。且TD经常发生于逗留在外埠的早期阶段，停留时间越长，发生率和复发率越低。同样，若近期到过热带地区则再次到访时TD的发生率亦降低。专家推测这种现象与机体的应激和习服相关。TD的病因有多种多样，但以生物性致病因子最为重要，其中...Travelers' diarrhea (TD), as a special type of infectious diarrhea, has epidemiological characteristics that are closely related to the region and time. First, TD occurs closely with the tourist destination. Dupont divides the earth into three categories according to the incidence of dike diarrhea. Most countries in South Asia, Africa and Latin America are high risk areas. Second, the source of th...学位：医学硕士院系专业：医学院_中医内科学学号：2452014115357

Experimental research state of preventive and therapeutic effect of traditional Chinses medicine on gastrointestinal injury after stress

应激会破坏胃肠道的自稳态,引起胃肠道功能紊乱,轻则出现恶心、呕吐、厌食、腹泻、腹胀,甚则可致应激性溃疡,影响人们的工作生活和健康。单药、经方、自; 拟方和针灸等中医药干预可通过抗胃肠黏膜损伤、调整紊乱的胃肠激素等途径有效改善各种应激后胃肠损伤,文章对此作一综述,并发现迄今为止在中医药预防应激; 后胃肠损伤的抗应激相关机制研究尚显不足,值得进一步研究。Various kinds of stress would destroy gastrointestinal homeostasis and; lead to functional disturbances of gastrointestinal tract, such as; nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, abdominal distention and even; stress ulcer, which could influence the work, life and health of people; suffered from stress. Classical prescription, self-made prescription and; acupuncture could ameliorate symptoms and signs of gastrointestinal; stress reaction effectively by protecting from gastrointestinal mucosa; injury and regulating gastrointestinal hormones. This article reviewed; those researches and found that, so far, there were shortages of TCM in; prevention effect and mechanism of anti-stress, which deserved further; study.国家自然科学基金项目; 福建省自然科学基金项

各种应激源对胃肠相关功能影响的研究进展

应激源指对机体构成任何威胁的刺激,包括物理（低温、高温等）、化学、机械、心理、社会等各种刺激。应激源作用于人体产生的非特异性应答反应称为应激。适当的应激可以促进机体逐步适应环境,而过度的应激则使机体正常稳态被破坏,发生一系列非特异性损害。胃肠道是机体与外界接触面积最大的器官,且由于其黏膜血管的解剖特点,在应激状态下更容易受影响,其中,肠道为多器官功能障碍的始动器官。国家自然科学基金项目（No.81302876）; 福建省自然科学基金项目（2013J05123

Effect of Sanren Tang (三仁汤) on Mucin 5AC, Aquaporin 1 and Aquaporin 5 in Lung Tissue of Damp-heat Stressed Mice

目的探讨三仁汤防治湿热环境下呼吸系统疾病的可能作用机制。方法72只小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、三仁汤组,每组24只。空白组普通环境喂养,其余两组; 置入气候箱接受高温高湿刺激。三仁汤组小鼠于放入气候箱前、放入气候箱后第12h分别予三仁汤(浓度1g/ml)0.2ml灌胃各1次,空白组和模型组给; 予等量生理盐水灌胃。放入气候箱后第12h、24h、4天时每组取材8只,检测肺组织黏蛋白5AC; (MUC5AC)、水通道蛋白1(AQP1)、水通道蛋白5(AQP5)表达水平。结果模型组第24h时MUC5AC水平高于空白组,三仁汤组第12h; 、24h时MUC5AC表达低于模型组(P0.05)。各组不同时间点AQP1表达水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.; 05)。结论三仁汤可能通过促进肺组织AQP5表达,从而抑制MUC5AC分泌,阻止湿热环境下呼吸系统疾病气道黏液高分泌状态进展。Objective To explore the possible mechanism of Sanren Tang (三仁汤) in; preventing and treating respiratory diseases under damp-heat; circumstances. Methods Seventy-two mice were randomized into blank; group, model group and Sanren Tang group, with 24 mice in each group.; The blank group was fed under conventional environment, while the other; two groups were put into climate chamber with high temperature and high; humidity. The Sanren Tang group was given Sanren Tang (1g/ml 0.2ml)by; gavage before and at the 12th hour of being put into climate chamber.; The blank group and model group were given equivalent normal saline by; gavage. At the 12th, 24th hour and on the 4th day after being put into; climate chamber, eight mice in each group were selected to draw; materials, and the levels of mucin 5AC (MUC5AC), aquaporin 1 (AQP1) and; aquaporin 5 (AQP5) were detected. Results The 24th-hour MUC5AC level in; the model group was higher than that in the blank group; the MUC5AC; level at the 12th and the 24th hour in Sanren Tang group was; respectively lower than that in the model group (P0.05). In each group, there was no significant difference of AQP1; level at different time points (P>0.05). Conclusion By promoting the; expression of AQP5 in lung tissue, Sanren Tang may inhibit the secretion; of MUC5AC, and prevent the airway mucus hypersecretion in respiratory; diseases under damp-heat circumstances.国家自然科学基金项目; 福建省自然科学基

短期氮、水添加对放牧背景下荒漠草原短花针茅叶片属性的影响

叶片属性是反映植物对环境变化敏感程度的重要特征,可在一定程度上预测植物对放牧干扰后的恢复能力。短花针茅(Stipa breviflora)是内蒙古荒漠草原的主要建群种。在不同放牧强度背景下的短花针茅草原开展了围封模拟放牧持续利用的实验,同时进行添加氮素和水分的恢复措施,测定了7月和9月中旬建群种短花针茅叶片的比叶面积、叶干物质含量,以及叶片全氮、叶片全磷和叶片全碳含量,分析水分和氮素添加对建群种短花针茅叶片的影响,探讨不同放牧强度下短花针茅可持续利用的氮水调控机制。结果显示,氮素和水分添加显著地增加了短花针茅叶片氮含量,降低了叶片碳氮比;放牧强度也显著地增加了叶片氮含量,且轻度放牧下的叶片氮含量(20.36 g/kg)显著高于对照(18.80 g/kg);生长末期短花针茅的比叶面积、叶片碳含量、叶片碳氮比和叶片碳磷比显著高于生长盛期,叶片氮含量和磷含量显著低于生长盛期;在生长盛期和生长末期,不同放牧强度背景下对短花针茅所采取的氮素和水分的供给措施也不同。研究结果表明在放牧背景下短期氮、水添加提高了短花针茅的叶片氮含量,特别是在生长季后期水分添加增加了叶片氮和磷含量,可进一步促进短花针茅的生长。我们的结果也表明了资源供给水平的改善有助于短花针茅的迅速恢复

中国脑血管病临床管理指南（第2版）（节选）——第3章 脑血管病高危人群管理 Chinese Stroke Association Guidelines for Clinical Management of Cerebrovascular Diseases (Second Edition) (Except) ——Chapter Three Management of Patients at Hige-risk of Cerebrovascular Diseases

针对脑血管病的危险因素积极进行早期干预管理是减少脑血管病危害最有效的方法。本章节介绍脑血管病高危人群管理的推荐意见，包括对不可干预和可干预血管危险因素的控制，阿司匹林在缺血性卒中一级预防中的应用以及首次卒中风险评估等方面。 Abstract: Early intervention to manage the risk factors of cerebrovascular disease is the most effective way to reduce the harm of cerebrovascular diseases. This chapter presents recommendations for the management of populations at high risk for cerebrovascular disease, including control of non-interventionable and interventionable vascular risk factors, the use of aspirin in the primary prevention of ischaemic stroke, and the risk assessment of first-time stroke