Japanese American Youth in Topaz Relocation Center, Utah: An Oral History

This project examines Japanese American youth in Topaz High School, a school set up in a War Relocation Center during 1942 to 1945. It looks at what students were taught there, as well as what they felt, thought, heard, and saw. Oral histories collected from Japanese American former internees constitute the main methodology. An oral history enables us to know the feelings and emotions involved in evacuation at the same time as it provides us with more human insight, such as human perspectives and personal reminiscences, which are not available in historical, social, or political accounts. Findings of this project are both positive and negative personal recollections of Topaz High School and life in the War Relocation Center. Despite the adverse circumstances in the War Relocation Center, Japanese American youth maintained their morale and determination to do well in school. The research shows that an appropriate educational program was provided in Topaz High School in spite of an unusual school setting in a War Relocation Center, and Japanese cultural and traditional values in education facilitated the academic achievement of Japanese American youth

Part I. Meridian-Scanning Photometric System for Proton Auroras and Electron Auroras (Constitution of Proton Aurora and Electron Aurora Substorms) (AERONOMY)

A meridian scanning photometric system was designed for the simultaneous observation of the dynamic behavior of the proton and electron auroras with high time resolution. The hydrogen Balmer-beta (H_β) was selected as a typical emission line from proton auroras, whereas N_2+ 4278 Å, OI 5577 Å and OI 6300 Å emissions were selected for electron auroras. The H_β photometer has a so-called tilting filter to measure rapid space-time variations of faint proton auroras free from the contamination of strong electron auroras. The observations were carried out from March to October 1970 at Syowa Station (corrected geomagnetic lat. -66.7°, long. 72.5°) in Antarctica. From the records of the meridian scanning photometers, spatial distributitions of auroral luminosity along the geomagnetic meridian were displayed as a function of local time, and the iso-intensity contour lines were drawn. These space-time diagrams of auroral luminosity were shown to be very useful for the quantitative study of the dynamic behavior of auroras. Using auroral space-time diagrams, the constitution of the proton and electron aurora substorms was described in detail. During the growth phase of a magnetospheric substorm, the emission zone of the proton aurora moves equatorward with a speed of 100-200m/sec, accompanying the development of the asymmetric ring current and the positive H bay in the evening region. The equatorward movement and the growth of the asymmetric ring current were explained by an earthward movement of the ring current protons due to the intensification of the magnetospheric convection and the subsequent energization of protons through the betatron and Fermi acceleration processes. At the onset of the expansion phase, the quiet arcs suddenly brighten in the pre-midnight region, and the electron aurora bulge rapidly expands poleward and westward, whereas in the post-midnight region, the emission zone of proton auroras rapidly expands poleward and eastward with a large increase in luminosity. Proton auroras are absent in the leading edge of the expanding electron aurora bulge, while breakup-type electron auroras (arcs or bands) are not observed in the expanding proton aurora bulge. Therefore, it is suggested that there is a mechanism which accelerates electrons along the geomagnetic field lines from the magnetosphere down to the ionosphere in the pre-midnight region and protons in the postmidnight region. After the onset of the expansion phase, the luminosity of the proton aurora greatly increases, and simultaneously the emission zone expands equatorward in the evening region, accompanying the development of the asymmetric partial ring current and the positive bay. These features can be interpreted by means of the proton injection into the trapping region due to the magnetic collapse in the tail, and the subsequent westward and earthward drift. From the relationship between the movement of the proton auroras and the geomagnetic variation, it is suggested that the positive bay in the evening hours is induced by the eastward current concentrated along the emission zone of proton auroras. The enhancement of the ionospheric conductivity due to the precipitating protons required to excite the observed proton aurora luminosity is estimated to be sufficient for the concentration of the eastward current. A close relationship between the proton aurora and the IPDP event was also observed, indicating proton pitch-angle diffusion due to the ion cyclotron waves

Behavioral factors to include in guidelines for lifelong oral healthiness: an observational study in Japanese adults

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine which behavioral factors to include in guidelines for the Japanese public to achieve an acceptable level of oral healthiness. The objective was to determine the relationship between oral health related behaviors and symptoms related to oral disease and tooth loss in a Japanese adult community. METHODS: Oral health status and lifestyle were investigated in 777 people aged 20 years and older (390 men and 387 women). Subjects were asked to complete a postal questionnaire concerning past diet and lifestyle. The completed questionnaires were collected when they had health examinations. The 15 questions included their preference for sweets, how many between-meal snacks they usually had per day, smoking and drinking habits, presence of oral symptoms, and attitudes towards dental visits. Participants were asked about their behaviors at different stages of their life. The oral health examinations included examination of the oral cavity and teeth performed by dentists using WHO criteria. Odds ratios were calculated for all subjects, all 10 year age groups, and for subjects 30 years or older, 40 years or older, 50 years or older, and 60 years or older. RESULTS: Frequency of tooth brushing (OR = 3.98), having your own toothbrush (OR = 2.11), smoking (OR = 2.71) and bleeding gums (OR = 2.03) were significantly associated with number of retained teeth in males. Frequency of between-meal snacks was strongly associated with number of retained teeth in females (OR = 4.67). Having some hobbies (OR = 2.97), having a family dentist (OR = 2.34) and consulting a dentist as soon as symptoms occurred (OR = 1.74) were significantly associated with number of retained teeth in females. Factors that were significantly associated with tooth loss in both males and females included alcohol consumption (OR = 11.96, males, OR = 3.83, females), swollen gums (OR = 1.93, males, OR = 3.04, females) and toothache (OR = 3.39, males, OR = 3.52, females). CONCLUSION: Behavioral factors that were associated with tooth retention were frequency of eating snacks between meals, tooth brushing frequency, having one's own toothbrush, smoking and drinking habits, having hobbies, having a family dentist and when they had dental treatment. Clinical factors included bleeding gums, swollen gums, and toothache

HRM, organizational capacity for change, and performance: a global perspective

This special issue brings together a variety of articles, each one enriching understanding about whether and how human resource management (HRM) influences organizational performance (however defined) against a backdrop of complex change. We present a preliminary framework that enables us to integrate the diverse themes explored in the special issue, proposing a mediating role for organizational change capacity (OCC). OCC represents a particular subset within the resource- based literature labeled as “dynamic capabilities.” Although not well researched, there is evidence that OCC is positively associated with firm performance and that this relationship is stronger given conditions of high uncertainty. Our framework reflects on external and internal parameters, which we suggest moderate the relationship between human resource management (HRM), OCC, and organizational performance. Our intention is to provide compelling insight for both practitioners and researchers, especially those whose remit extends beyond national boundaries, with reference to areas of the globe as disparate as Greece, Ireland, Pakistan, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom

Measurement of the Nitric Oxide Altitude Distribution in the Mid-Latitude Mesosphere

A simple rocket-borne system has been developed for deriving nitric oxide concentration in the mesosphere from measurements of resonantly scattered solar ultraviolet radiation in the NOg ammbaa nd near 2150 •. The NO signal is extracted from a background of Rayleigh-scattered light by a direct measurement of this scattered light by use of an NO absorption cell. This system was utilized to measure the NO concentration above White Sands, New Mexico, in the altitude range from 69 to 101 km. The derived NO profile shows a concentration of about 3 x 10 7 cm-3 at 67 and 100 km with a deep valley (more than an order of magnitude less) at about 84 km. Comparison with model calculations indicates that the time constant for NO chemistry is smaller than or comparable with that for transpor

Accounting for information: Information and knowledge in the annual reports of FTSE 100 companies

The purpose of this study was to assess the ways in which a sample group of companies discuss information and knowledge. Quantitative and qualitative content analyses were used to survey the way that companies present and value information and knowledge, based on the annual reports of the FTSE 100, the United Kingdom's largest publicly-listed companies. A novel content analysis approach is used, based on a set of categories proposed by Oppenheim, Stenson and Wilson. Many of the companies analysed made explicit the importance of information and knowledge, through either discussion in the text of the annual report or through an attempt to assign a monetary value to information assets. Where the importance of information and knowledge was not made explicit, the study revealed links between successful performance and effective use of information assets. Different categories of information assets were identified within the annual reports. Conclusions drawn from the analysis include that information and knowledge are demonstrably important to FTSE 100 companies, although the specific term “knowledge” does not appear to have a special significance in the companies’ lexicon; and that certain sectors, such as General Financial, General Retail, Travel & Leisure, Mining, Aerospace & Defence and Software & Computer Services, mention information and knowledge more than others

Photoionization and photoabsorption cross sections for ionospheric calculations

Photoionization and photoabsorption cross sections for N2, O2 and O are presented in a form useful for calculation of solar EUV absorption and photoelectron production. The cross sections are based mostly on the data presented in the reviews by (1969) and (1969).Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/34031/1/0000308.pd

Ecosystem-inspired enterprise modelling framework for collaborative and networked manufacturing systems

Rapid changes in the open manufacturing environment are imminent due to the increase of customer demand, global competition, and digital fusion. This has exponentially increased both complexity and uncertainty in the manufacturing landscape, creating serious challenges for competitive enterprises. For enterprises to remain competitive, analysing manufacturing activities and designing systems to address emergent needs, in a timely and efficient manner, is understood to be crucial. However, existing analysis and design approaches adopt a narrow diagnostic focus on either managerial or engineering aspects and neglect to consider the holistic complex behaviour of enterprises in a collaborative manufacturing network (CMN). It has been suggested that reflecting upon ecosystem theory may bring a better understanding of how to analyse the CMN. The research presented in this paper draws on a theoretical discussion with aim to demonstrate a facilitating approach to those analysis and design tasks. This approach was later operationalised using enterprise modelling (EM) techniques in a novel, developed framework that enhanced systematic analysis, design, and business-IT alignment. It is expected that this research view is opening a new field of investigation