1,927 research outputs found
Office Productivity in Computerized Settings: The Role of Machine Statistics, Performance Feedback and Job Experience
This paper develops and tests a model of the determinants of productivity in twenty computerized offices of the Internal Revenue Service. The results suggest first, that management's focus on machine monitoring statistics is misguided; second, that performance feedback has a significant effect on productivity; and third, that job experience plays a central role in productivity even in entry-level positions
Greater Lawrence Family Health Center Food Insecurity Campaign: Building Partnerships within Communities to Address Social Determinants of Health and Promote Health Equity
Breakout Session 2B: Background
Social determinants of health contribute more to our general quality and length of life than the medical care we provide in our communities. To address these needs, the Greater Lawrence Family Health Center has recently launched a food insecurity campaign to reduce barriers and access to food for residents of Lawrence. Our initial pilot data suggests that up to 2/3 of our patients are food insecure. To help address this problem we have partnered with the Greater Boston Food Bank to provide free monthly access to fruits and vegetables and assistance with obtaining governmental support.
Recognizing the significant impact food insecurity has on the community, we have also started to engage in community partnerships, particularly with the Mayorâs Health Task Force of Lawrence, Greater Boston Food Bank, and Groundworks Lawrence, to develop sustainable solutions to food insecurity. We also are working to develop an understanding of community needs through community membersâ perspectives and experiences of food insecurity.
Our goal during this session is to describe how the use of informant interviews and focus groups, community needs assessment resources and stakeholder relationships helps to promote a community-driven movement that can tackle health equity.
Purpose
To promote and discuss methods of community partnership and community-based participatory research in addressing health equity in communities and healthcare organizations
To discuss methods and ideas for community engagement and partnership to address social determinants of health, particularly food insecurity
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What Factors Drive Analyst Forecasts?
A firm's competitive environment, its strategic choices, and its internal capabilities are considered important determinants of its future performance. Yet there is little evidence on whether analysts' forecasts of firm performance actually reflect any of these factors and which are considered most important. We use survey data from 967 analysts ranking 837 companies to judge how their forecasts are related to evaluations of firms' industry competitiveness, strategic choices, and internal capabilities. Forecasts are generally associated with many of the factors that money managers rate as important in their assessments of analyst contributions, including industry growth and competitiveness, low-price strategy, strategy execution, top management quality, innovation, and performance-driven culture. We also find wide variation across variables for ratings consistency among analysts covering the same firm. On average, consistency is higher for sell-side than buy-side analysts, consistent with sell-side analysts facing greater incentives to herd
Advancing tendencies? PR leadership, general leadership, and leadership pedagogy
What are the best ways to advance PR leadership? In exploring answers, we consider the last two decades of PR literature and identify two main tendencies. We link those two with general leadership literature and practices, as well as with literature on leadership pedagogy. We conclude that, rather than recent moves to look within the field, without self-reflection, to existing PR perspectives and figures for solutions, looking outwards has greater potential to transform not only the PR leadership literature, and PR practice, but also to create less hierarchical, and more democratic and "leaderful," PR workplaces. © 2014
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The Effect of Salsalate Therapy on Endothelial Function in a Broad Range of Subjects
Background: Inflammation is fundamental to the development of atherosclerosis. We examined the effect of antiâinflammatory doses of salicylate on endotheliumâdependent vasodilation, a biomarker of cardiovascular risk, in a broad range of subjects. Methods and Results: We performed a randomized, doubleâblind, placeboâcontrolled crossover trial evaluating the effects of 4 weeks of highâdose salsalate (disalicylate) therapy on endotheliumâdependent flowâmediated and endotheliumâindependent vasodilation. Fiftyâeight subjects, including 17 with metabolic syndrome, 13 with atherosclerosis, and 28 healthy controls, were studied. Among all subjects, endotheliumâdependent flowâmediated vasodilation decreased after salsalate compared with placebo therapy (P=0.01), whereas nitroglycerinâmediated, endotheliumâindependent vasodilation was unchanged (P=0.97). Endotheliumâdependent flowâmediated vasodilation after salsalate therapy was impaired compared with placebo therapy in subjects with therapeutic salicylate levels (n=31, P0.2). Conclusions: Salsalate therapy, particularly when therapeutic salicylate levels are achieved, impairs endotheliumâdependent vasodilation in a broad range of subjects. These data raise concern about the possible deleterious effects of antiâinflammatory doses of salsalate on cardiovascular risk. Clinical Trial Registration URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique Identifiers: NCT00760019 and NCT00762827
The Risky Business of Hiring Stars
An in-depth study of 1,052 star stock analysts who worked for 78 investment banks in the United States from 1988 to
1996 finds that when a company hires a star, the starâs performance plunges, there is a sharp decline in the functioning of
the group or team she works with, and the companyâs market value falls. Moreover, stars donât stay with the organizations for
long. For all those reasons, we conclude that companies cannot gain a competitive advantage by hiring stars from outside
the business. Instead, they should focus on growing talent within the organization and retain the stars they develop
Denial at the top table: status attributions and implications for marketing
Senior marketing management is seldom represented on the Board of Directors nowadays, reflecting a deteriorating status of the marketing profession. We examine some of the key reasons for marketingâs demise, and discuss how the status of marketing may be restored by demonstrating the value of marketing to the business community. We attribute marketingâs demise to several related key factors: narrow typecasting, marginalisation and limited involvement in product development, questionable marketing curricula, insensitivity toward environmental change, questionable professional standards and roles, and marketingâs apparent lack of accountability to CEOs. Each of these leads to failure to communicate, create, or deliver value within marketing. We argue that a continued inability to deal with marketingâs crisis of representation will further erode the status of the discipline both academically and professionally
Water and Sodium in Heart Failure: A Spotlight on Congestion.
Despite all available therapies, the rates of
hospitalization and death from heart failure (HF) remain
unacceptably high. The most common reasons for hospital
admission are symptoms related to congestion. During
hospitalization, most patients respond well to standard
therapy and are discharged with significantly improved
symptoms. Post-discharge, many patients receive diligent
and frequent follow-up. However, rehospitalization rates
remain high. One potential explanation is a persistent
failure by clinicians to adequately manage congestion in
the outpatient setting. The failure to successfully manage
these patients post-discharge may represent an unmet need
to improve the way congestion is both recognized and
treated. A primary aim of future HF management may be to
improve clinical surveillance to prevent and manage
chronic fluid overload while simultaneously maximizing
the use of evidence-based therapies with proven long-term
benefit. Improvement in cardiac function is the ultimate
goal and maintenance of a ââdryââ clinical profile is
important to prevent hospital admission and improve
prognosis. This paper focuses on methods for monitoring
congestion, and strategies for water and sodium management
in the context of the complex interplay between the cardiac
and renal systems. A rationale for improving recognition and
treatment of congestion is also proposed
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