Fabrication of Binder-less “green” particle board using oil palm residue

Nowadays, the energy demand in Malaysia has increase, so the alternative sources such as Oil Palm which leaves abundance of waste product such as Oil Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) and Oil Palm Frond (OPF). Many of the industries in Malaysia will burn the waste to generate electricity through steam. Although the burning of the waste product seems to have settle the problem, the increasing of the waste problem increase year by years which can be utilized into other product such as bio-composite materials. The content of lignocellulosic material inside the oil palm waste which is consists of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. This is a greater possibility to reduce the solid-waste problem. Bio-composite material is very important nowadays because it can be used widely such as, replacing the petro-based plastic and used as once-use material. This is because; the bio-composite is biodegradable which is easy to dispose. Hence, the production of the bio-composite material by using oil palm waste is important and should be further study. From this project, through the three main analysis which is Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Thermalgravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), the particle board A show more preferable choice because the number of lignin-cellulose component inside the particle based on FTIR show higher compared to C and D while lower than B. Although the particle board A show lower composition than B, the FESEM result show lower pores volume compared to other. Thus, the particle board A is more preferable choice compared to particle B, C and D

Dynamic Loading on Carbon Fiber Wind to HDPE Composite Pipe (CFWHCP)

Carbon fiber composite is regarded as one of the best alternative for light weight and anticorrosion material. Filament winding is one of the technique for the fabrication of carbon fiber reinforced composite pipe that is cheap and better mechanical properties. Different carbon fiber orientation during the fabrication will have impact to the mechanical properties of the composite and became the focal point of this research. Three different arrangement of tow were used during the fabrication of Carbon Fiber Wind to HDPE Composite Pipe (CFWHCP). The other parameter such as winding angle, winding tension, the number of layers and epoxy content are kept constant to prevent interference in the result. The microstructure of fabricated pipes were tested to calculate the area of void. The results from the test shown that area of void for CFWHP with 4 tows of 12k carbon fiber (1.26382x10-8 m2) is smaller by 53% compared to CFWHCP with 2 tows of 12k carbon fiber plus 4 tows of 6k carbon fiber. Compression test was carried out to approve the hypothesis that different arrangement of tow can affect the mechanical properties of CFWHCP. Subsequently, dynamic impact test was carried out to study how CFWHCP will be affected under the impact and comparison was made between pipes of different tow arrangement and in addition with blank High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) pipe. From the experiment, it can be concluded that CFWHCP with 4 tows of 12k carbon fiber exhibit higher energy absorption, and can withstand higher load compared to CFWHCP with 2 tows of 12k carbon fiber plus 4 tows of 6k carbon fiber. This is due to smaller area of void detected on CFWHCP with 4 tows of 12k carbon fiber thus proven that different orientation of carbon fiber tow during manufacturing can impact the mechanical properties of CFWHCP

Propose upgrading for Lamborghini Kuala Lumpur at No 2 Block B Lot 4900 Jalan Ss13/7 Subang Jaya Industrial Estate,47500 Petaling Jaya,Malaysia / Naqiuddin Rahmat

The final project for the student of Diploma in Interior Design is a manifestation towards the student’s knowledge about the whole aspect on interior design that had been learnt from basic to the final presentation on the proposed design. The project that had been chosen for the final project is to propose upgrading for the interior of Lamborghini Kuala Lumpur Showroom.This proposed upgrading showroom is actually to attract all people since this showroom open for highest people.Try the market with a new design for a Lamborghini Kuala Lumpur Showroom.The concept and image that had been chosen for the interior must meet the client requirement to reflect the client itself to their customers to gain their faith and good impression on the services

Design and analysis a black box for used cooking oil filtration

Used cooking oil (UCO) s oil that has been used for cooking or frying. UCO is commonly found in the food and beverage industry, as well as at home. Therefore, the main source for preparing food is cooking oil. Restaurants and kitchens will produce a lot of waste from cooking oil. However, improper disposal of waste from UCOs may have negative consequences such as clogged drains, foul odour production, and pollution. As a result, the project will create a filter box design to re-filter the UCO so that it can have a proper disposal method. This methodological study is based on the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method, which includes customer surveys, Voice of Customers (VoC), and questionnaires to assess user needs to build a House of Quality (HoQ). The design process is then continued by developing design requirements. Next is the generation of a design containing a morphological chart. Finally, make a design selection using computer-aided design software that produces a visual prototype. The findings show that black boxes for used cooking oil refining realise customer needs

Phenomenon of transsexual behaviour among youth in Kuala Lumpur: a case study

Understanding the complex lives of transsexual groups is essential in order to resolve this issue in a more intellectual, systematic and effective manner. Thus, this case study was aimed at knowing more about male-to-female transsexuals, especially among youth, by studying their sexual orientation as well as how far a sense of femininity is felt by them. Eight transsexual women were the informants recruited for this study based on snowball sampling technique. Each informant had completed a semi-structured interview at least twice. The basis of the interview was the principle of saturation in which the informants had been interviewed until no new ideas were emerging. The interview was audio-taped, transcribed verbatim and checked for content based on thematic analysis technique. The findings revealed two important themes from the narrative of the informants, namely, their gender identification and sexual orientation. In terms of gender identification, it was found that all the informants identified themselves according to feminine features although the features did not match their own physical features. Meanwhile, in terms of sexual orientation, the results showed that this group of transsexuals preferred to engage in sexual activities. For them, sexual satisfaction was only achievable by engaging in such sexual activities because of their sexual instinct, which was similar to that of women. One implication of this feature would be a potential rise in social problems. Thus, all parties should cooperate to combat this issue aggressively and effectively

Determinants influencing level of awareness towards cash waqf among Kota Tinggi residents / Muhammad Naqiuddin Norazman

Cash waqf is one of the instruments that have that the purpose wants to attract and encourage more individuals to take a part in this waqf. This study provides information regarding the level of awareness towards cash waqf among Kota Tinggi residents. It helps the waqf institutions that manage all the funds of waqf that influencing level of awareness towards cash waqf. This study also to determine the factors that influencing the awareness of cash waqf in Kota Tinggi. The objective of this study is to identify the relationship between the selected data on the level awareness towards cash waqf which is the three independent variables such as religion obligation, subjective norm and knowledge. The data was collected by using SPSS software. This study conducted through primary data which is using questionnaire and secondary data which is from the past research. The questionnaire was distributed among Kota Tinggi residents

A Legal Perspective on Academic Plagiarism of Research Writing in Malaysian Universities

Plagiarism is acknowledged as dangerous, especially when academicians are accused of being engaged in malpractice in publishing their research papers. The increased amount of online access to research led to academic dishonesty and plagiarism rising in higher learning institutions. It is challenging to balance the academic and public interest demand with the intervention of globalisation in education, which introduces the hegemonic world ranking universities. Plagiarism has resulted in the unoriginality of research outputs which can affect the knowledge in the future. It also resulted in the academicians abusing their honour while writing research papers in whatever discipline of knowledge. This is a severe problem that needs a quick reform to the legal framework. From the qualitative data, the study believes that by having a proper provision relating to plagiarism in the legal framework, especially for the academicians, plagiarism cases in the educational institution may be reduced. The current existing policies and guidelines should be inserted directly into any relevant Act or rules and regulation to be imposed on the parties involved. The government needs to produce a fair and standard provision on plagiarism in dealing with the weaknesses or loopholes in the educational institution policies and regulations for academic integrity to be upheld

Prosecuting piracy: the need for legislative measures / Ahmad Ismail Illman, Syed Naqiuddin Shahab and Syed Adam Al-Aqib

"Prosecuting Piracy: The Need for Legislative Measures", is a legal study on the lack of domestic legal framework pertaining to piracy in Malaysia and how to overcome and enhance the legal framework to combat piracy. Piracy is regarded as Hostis Humani Generis, which means the enemy of mankind. Piracy by law of nations is sui generis. It is an offence against the law of nations, whom any nation may in the interest of all capture and punish. Therefore, there is a strict adherence to the law that needs to be studied in order capture and punish the pirates. Since, Malaysia had ratified United Nations Convention on Laws of the Sea 1982 (UNCLOS) Malaysia is under an obligation to make necessary modification in its legislation to ensure the fulfillment of the obligation undertaken when they sign the treaty of UNCLOS. This research is a humble attempt to address the need to have a specific domestic law to prosecute piracy in the Malaysian Courts with the hope that it may act as a deterrent to solve the never ending piratical attacks against Malaysian vessels and enhance the maritime enforcement law in Malaysia. This may be done by adopting UNCLOS into our domestic legal framework via doctrine of transformation, which incorporates international treaty into the domestic legal system. Doctrine of transformation allows the treaty to be adapted to the needs of Malaysia

Field testing & evaluation of a newly-developed machine for holing soil in large polybag in oil palm nursery / Mohd Naqiuddin Abd Hayum

A new machine system has been developed and evaluated for holing soil in large polybag operation at oil palm nursery to overcome the labor shortage problem especially during transplanting oil palmseedling process from pre-nursery to the main nursery. Currently, as reported by Pebrian et;al (2014), holing soil in large polybag using manual system by cylindrical borer during transplanting oil palm seedling consumed higher demand human energy and havebeen identified as the factor of tiredness among the worker in oil palm nursery. Faculty Plantation and Agrotechnology (FPA) Team Research have been developed new machine holing soil to overcome these problem. The machine system consist of main chasis, operator compartment and a pair of drilling unit (150mm) with powered by 11HP (8.25 KW) diesel engine. The performance of the machine have been evaluated and compared with published journal by manual system in term of production capacity and human energy expenditure while the comparison of cost production made based on the interviews from oil palm nursery producer. The mechanized system showed the average of production capacity of 256 bag per man per hours or increasing 49.21% compared to manual system . Reduction of human energy expenditure and cost production with 4.35 kcal per min per man or 38.70% and RM 0.02 per bag was obtained by mechanized system against manual system operated using cylindrical core borer. In short, the new mechanized system has great potential to overcome the limitation of labor shortage and increasing the productivity in oil palm nursery plantation

Thermal analysis of lithium ion battery-equipped smartphone explosions

Thermal management of mobile electronics has been carried out because performance of the application processor has increased and power dissipation in miniaturized devices is proportional to its functionalities. There have been various studies on thermal analyses related to mobile electronics with the objectives of improving analysis methodologies and cooling strategies to guarantee device safety. Despite these efforts, failure to control thermal energy, especially in smartphones, has resulted in explosions, because thermal behaviors in the device under various operating conditions have not been sufficiently conducted. Therefore, several scenarios that caused the failure in thermal management of smartphone was analyzed to provide improved insight into thermal design deducing the parameters, that affect the thermal management of device. Overcurrent in battery due to malfunction of battery management system or immoderate addition of functionalities to the application processor are considered as reliable causes leading to the recent thermal runaways and explosions. From the analyses, it was also confirmed that the heat generation of the battery, which have not been considered importantly in previous literature, has significant effect on thermal management, and heat spreading could be suppressed according to arrangement of AP and battery. The heat pipe, which is utilized as a cooling device in mobile electronics, was also included in the thermal analyses. Although the heat pipes have been expected to improve the thermal management in mobile electronics, it showed limited heat transfer capacity due to its operating conditions and miniaturization. The demonstrated results of our analysis warn against vulnerabilities of smartphones in terms of safety in design