Cyber Notary: Between Notary Opportunities And Challenges In Facing The Era Of Digital Disruption 4.0 Towards 5.0

The position of Notary as a profession that cannot be separated from the development of existing technology. The wave of technology in the Industrial 4.0 and Society 5.0 era requires Notaries to be able to move quickly, especially in carrying out their duties. Major changes in technological developments have encouraged the Indonesian nation as a modern democracy to transform its electronic system for the public interest. The term Cyber Notary emerged in this case, which was discussed as being able to speed up the work of a Notary as a public servant in terms of making a Notary deed. If it is based on the values that shape it, technology and politics are of course different, technology thrives in scientific knowledge and objective facts while law is made in the public domain which demands technical regulation in the reciprocal relationship between culture, politics and technology. This is concretized by Act No. 14 of 2008 concerning Public Information Disclosure (UU KIP) and Act No. 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions (UU ITE) in conjunction with Act No. 19 of 2016

Metamorphosis of Learning Ecosystems in Response to The Fourth Industrial Revolution's (4IR)

This review provides a comprehensive overview of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) and its educational impact. It focuses on the accelerated pace of technological advancements and the urgent need to understand how these changes affect educational systems. The research, which includes empirical studies, theoretical frameworks, and policy literature, employs a thematic analysis to identify key trends and themes using secondary data like books, research findings, and scientific journals related to 4IR. Key findings highlight the increasing demands for new skills in the workforce, ethical considerations, and the necessity for an interdisciplinary approach in education. The study underscores the transformation of education in the wake of 4IR's influence, particularly in automation and artificial intelligence (AI). It emphasizes the importance of adapting educational paradigms to address the challenges and opportunities presented by these technological advancements. The study's major implication is the need for a fundamental shift in learning ecosystems to align with the transformative power of 4IR. This involves adapting to significant changes in the educational landscape, which are necessary to facilitate user ease. Integrating modern intelligent technologies has fundamentally altered production and global supply networks, leading to increased automation, enhanced communication, and smart machines. This transformation underscores the need for educational systems to evolve and prepare for these ongoing changes

An Ancient Evolutionary Origin of Genes Associated with Human Genetic Diseases

Several thousand genes in the human genome have been linked to a heritable genetic disease. The majority of these appear to be nonessential genes (i.e., are not embryonically lethal when inactivated), and one could therefore speculate that they are late additions in the evolutionary lineage toward humans. Contrary to this expectation, we find that they are in fact significantly overrepresented among the genes that have emerged during the early evolution of the metazoa. Using a phylostratigraphic approach, we have studied the evolutionary emergence of such genes at 19 phylogenetic levels. The majority of disease genes was already present in the eukaryotic ancestor, and the second largest number has arisen around the time of evolution of multicellularity. Conversely, genes specific to the mammalian lineage are highly underrepresented. Hence, genes involved in genetic diseases are not simply a random subset of all genes in the genome but are biased toward ancient genes

Evolution of orphan genes in Drosophila

Orphan genes are protein coding regions that have no recognizable homologue in distantly related species. A substantial fraction of coding regions in any genome sequenced so far consists of such orphan genes, but their evolutionary and functional significance is not understood. A re-analysis of the Drosophila melanogaster proteome is presented that shows that there are still between 26 - 29% of all proteins without a significant match with non-insect sequences. Therefore, neither the growth of the database nor the re-annotations have significantly changed the proportion of orphans in the Drosophila genome over time. In addition, it was shown that these orphans are significantly underrepresented in the current genetic analysis. To analyse directly the evolutionary characteristics of orphan genes in Drosophila, 774 sequences were compared between cDNAs retrieved from two D. yakuba libraries (embryo and adult) and their corresponding D. melanogaster orthologues. Analysis of substitution rates shows that recovered orphans evolve on average more than three times faster than non-orphan genes, although the width of the evolutionary rate distribution is similar for both classes. In particular, some orphan genes show very low substitution rates, which are comparable to otherwise highly, conserved genes. A general model for orphan gene evolution is proposed that takes these large rate differences into account and suggests that they are caused by episodic phases of fast and slow divergence. Besides the result, that orphans are under-represented among genetically studied genes, additional findings suggest that orphan genes have less obvious phenotypes. For example, in the complete sample of the recovered cDNAs higher frequency of genetically studied genes was found among slow evolving genes, what supports the proposed hypothesis that functionally more important genes with obvious phenotypes have lower evolutionary rates. Interestingly, such relationship is lacking if only orphans are analysed. Additionally, orphans are over-represented among genes related to olfaction, hormonal activity, puparial adhesion, egg membrane structure and perception and response to abiotic stimulus. It is reasonable to expect for all of these functions to be involved in specific ecological adaptations that change easily over time, and accordingly to have mutant phenotypes which are difficult to detect. Finally, comparison between stages shows that the cDNA library from adults yields twice as many orphan genes than the one from embryos. An analysis of only genes having stage specific expression reveals a similar figure and together with lower evolutionary rate of embryo transcripts suggests a higher constraint on use of orphan genes in embryos. Furthermore, expression of embryo orphans is more often spatially restricted compared to a random sample of genes what shows that they act in more localised rather then ubiquitous manner. Taken together, the general characteristics of orphan genes in Drosophila suggest that they may be involved in the evolution of adaptive traits and that slow evolving orphan genes may be particularly interesting candidate genes for identifying lineage specific adaptations

Analisis mutu fisik, mikrobiologi, dan kandungan metabolit sekunder serbuk instan jamu kunyit asam

The lifestyle “back to nature” is growing and in demand by the public. Herbal turmeric tamarind is a herbal product often consumed by the public to reduce pain during menstruation (dysmenorrhea). This study aimed to verify the secondary metabolites in the instant herbal turmeric tamarind powder developed by the research team using the thin-layer chromatography method.  TLC was identified by extracting instant powder of tamarind turmeric herbs using ethanol, methanol, distilled water, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane solvents. The stationary phase used is a 60 GF ₂₅₄ silica plate and the detection of compounds by UV₂₅₄, UV₃₆₆, and chemical reagents. Identification results were analyzed descriptively by looking at the stains on the plates, calculating the Rf value of each compound, and carrying out a comparative analysis of the literature with reference standards. The results showed that the processed tamarind herbal turmeric instant powder sample of the research team positively contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, and curcumin characterized by the presence of colored spots, and the resulting Rf values ​​were the same or close to those of the sample and the standard for each compound

KAJIAN KETAHANAN VARIETAS KENTANG TERHADAP SERANGAN PENYAKIT Phytophthora infestans DI KABUPATEN KARO, SUMATERA UTARA

The Study of Potato Variety Assessment Resistence for Phytophthora infestans Disease in District Karo, North Sumatra. Potate is a main potential commodity in  North Sumatra where the poduction was marketed to fulfill local and regional needs. This research was done in Cinta Rakyat Village, Simpang Empat Subdistrict, Karo Regency, North Sumatra which was located at 1,250 m above the sea level.  In this research four vatrieties were used; Granola, Atlantik, Kikondo, Margahayu and 0981-1085 Strains which were arranged by random Block Design and each treatment repeated 5 times. The distance between these plants was 30 cm x 80 cm, the plot measurement was 3m x 4 m (50 plants). The distance between each treatment was 50 cm, the distance between each repetition was 100 cm. To protect this plant from diseases several materials were used; 20 t/ha manure, 200 kg/ha urea, 400 kg/ha SP- 36, 200 kg/ha ZA, 150 kg/ha KCl.  Where as pest control was adjusted with the local condition. The research results after 70 days of plantation showed that the lowest intensity of Phytophthora  infestans disease was found  in Strains 0981-1085 (64.45%) treatment, where as the highest intensity was found in Granola variety (79.75%). The highest production was found in Strains 0981-1085 (31.89 t/ha) treatment, whereas Granola variety only reach 12,95 t/ha.  The R/C value was Granola (1), Margahayu (1.6), Atlantik (1.8), Kikondo (2.2) and 0981-1085 (2.5).Tanaman kentang merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan dan menjadi sentra di Sumatera Utara, produknya dipasarkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan lokal dan regional.  Kajian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Cinta Rakyat, Kabupaten Karo, Sumatera Utara, ketinggian 1250 m dpl.  Varietas kentang yang digunakan, yaitu: varietas Granola, Atlantik, Kikondo Margahayu dan Galur 0981-1085.  Menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok, setiap perlakuan diulang 5 kali.  Jarak tanam kentang 30 cm x 80 cm, jarak antar perlakuan 50 cm.  Pupuk yang digunakan: pupuk kandang ayam 20 t/ha, Urea 200 kg/ha, SP-36 400 kg /ha, ZA 200 kg/ha, KCl 150 kg /ha.  Pengendalian hama disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan.  Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman pada umur 70 hari setelah tanam (hst), intensitas serangan Phytophthora infestans terendah terdapat pada perlakuan 0981-1085 (64,45%) sedangkan intensitas serangan tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan Varietas Granola (79,53%).  Produksi tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan Galur 0981-1085 (31,89 t/ha), sedang Varietas Granola hanya mencapai 12,95 t/ha.  Hasil perhitungan antara penerimaan dan pengeluaran (R/C) memberikan nilai secara berturut-turut Granola (1), Margahayu (1,6), Atlantik (1,8), Kikondo (2,2) dan Galur 0981-1085 (2,5).  Dengan demikian, tanaman kentang Galur 0981-1085 dan Kikondo layak untuk ditanam

Mental Comparison of Students Learning Abacus-Arithmetic and Not Learning Abacus-Arithmetic on Mathematics Material

Students' mental mastery in elementary school mathematics lessons in Indonesia is weak, slow, inaccurate, and declining. Mastery problems among elementary school students who have studied mental abacus arithmetic were found to be low. This is an urgent matter to research because there is a gap between theory, expectations, and reality. The purpose of this research was to compare the ability to solve mathematical problems between students who studied abacus mental arithmetic and students who did not study abacus mental arithmetic. This research involved 70 students. Data collection techniques using instruments, the instruments used were the first-semester mathematics exam and mental arithmetic exam. Data analysis techniques using SPSS Version 25.0 statistics, namely the t-test, were used to compare the ability to solve mathematical problems between students who studied mental abacus-arithmetic and students who did not study mental abacus-arithmetic. Pearson correlation was used to determine the relationship between students' mental arithmetic learning achievement and their ability to solve mathematical problems. The results of the research showed that there was a significant difference (p<0.05) in learning achievement on symbolic mathematics questions and mental arithmetic achievement between students who studied mental abacus calculation and students who did not study mental abacus calculation. The minimum score of the group that studied mental abacus calculation was higher compared to the group that did not study mental abacus calculation. However, there was no significant difference (p<0.05) in mathematics learning achievement between students who studied mental abacus-arithmetic and students who did not study mental abacus-arithmetic.

REKONSTRUKSI PENGADILAN ANAK DI INDONESIA (Suatu Orientasi Kearah Restorative Justice)

Act no. 3 / 1997 on cildren justice, there are several weaknesses, both substantive as well as implementation. Based on the literature search results can be obtained a description of current courts child.  The  weakness  of the substantive law the  court the  child does  not regulate the diversion, whereas the current implementation of the court gives the child the negative impact of stigma on children's self how actors delinquency. Restorative justice model is one model of juvenile justice, in order to protect children in order to avoid the psychic trauma and label / stamp of former criminals. The main purpose of the restorative justice model is the improvement of wound suffered by the victim, perpetrator confession against injury caused by his  actions and conciliation and reconciliation among victim, offender and community

Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk N Dan K Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Bawang Merah

. Napitupulu, D. and L. Winarto. 2010. The Effect of N and K Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Shallots. Shallots is one of the vegetables that has wide adaptation. One variety of shallots that well adapted in the lowland is Kuning. Total shallots production in North Sumatera was still quite low and has not yet been able to meet the local needs. The low productivity of shallots in North Sumatera meanwhile, was due to inappropriate fertilizers application and no suitable recommendation of fertilization package technology for spesific location. Good recommendation of fertilization application was expected to increase productivity which economically profitable. The objective of this study was to find out the effect of N and K fertilizers on the growth and yield of shallots. The study was conducted in the Experiments Garden, Assessment Institute of Agriculture Technology Medan, North Sumatera, at 30 m asl, from April to June 2008. Shallots variety used was Kuning. The treatments were four levels of N (0, 150, 200, 250 kg/ha) and four levels of K (0, 75, 100, 125 kg/ha). The experiment was arranged in a factorial randomized block design with four replications. Basic fertilizers used were manure (15 t/ha) and SP-36 (300 kg/ha), applied at one week before planting. N and K were given at the age of 3, 21, and 35 days after planting respectively with the dose of ⅓. The plot size was 1.5 x 1.5 m, and 0.3 m row spacing and distance beetween block 0.4 m, and 0.3 m respectively. Planting distance was 25 x 25 cm. Pest and disease observation were done using integrated pest control methods. The research results indicated that there was interaction between nitrogen and potassium fertilizers application to the fresh weight and dry bulb per plant. Application of fertilizer could increase shallots dry bulb yield up to 64.69 g/plant that was obtained by the application of 250 kg/ha N and 100 kg/ha K. The fertilizer application of N (250 kg/ha) and K (100 kg/ha) was recommended to increase the productivity of shallots in the area

STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN PASAR TIBAN (STUDI KASUS DI KOTA PEKALONGAN)

The existence of “Tiban” market in Pekalongan is not freed from protracted economy crisis which caught up with Indonesia. The “Tiban” market as an alternative option of society to survive and get away from economy problem results the variety of either positive or negative effects which emerge various options about the existence of the market. Perceiving the pro’s and con’s to the existence of the “Tiban “ market, government must have made a rule which purposes to regulate the existence of the market in order to avoid various problems which inflict a loss upon the widespread society.Key Word : The Tiban Marke