A machine learning approach to find the determinants of Peruvian coca illegal crops

The current study analyzed the determinants of the Peruvian coca illegal plantations in the period 2003-2019. Hence, the DEVIDA database variables were gathered at first. Then, a machine learning-based technique is employed to select the most relevant variables for the study. That technique, Lasso, selected as accurate variables eradication of coca plantations and pasta base. Both OLS and VAR are employed to analyze the relevance of the selected variables. OLS finds that eradication was negatively related to the dependent variable. Nonetheless, pb confiscation had a positive relationship with illegal coca crops. Furthermore, VAR encounters that only pb confiscation affected the dependent variable. Supplementary tests are carried to ensure the accuracy of the results. In consequence, it is concluded that eradication policies by themselves were not enough to discourage the coca plantations. Farmers should get instruction about alternative crops and financial help. Furthermore, it has been claimed that pb confiscation generates scarcity of the drug, which elevates its price. Thus, coca farmers are more motivated to plant coca because of the higher prices. Therefore, as long as the international demand, which is disposed to pay high prices, the coca illegal crops and its illicit products will exist

Determinación del biotipo y resistencia en futbolistas según la posición de juego en edades entre 16 y 20 años de los clubes generaciones palmirana y La Tebaida F.C.

Para toda disciplina deportiva es imperioso que quien participe de ella posea ciertas características específicas con el fin de mostrar el mayor rendimiento posible, de esto nace la idea de evaluar el biotipo de los jugadores de futbol en edades entre 16 - 20 años, este estudio se realiza en los clubes Generaciones palmiranas de la ciudad de Palmira en el departamento del Valle del Cauca y La Tebaida F.C. del municipio de La Tebaida en el departamento del Quindío. Los deportistas de los clubes anteriormente nombrados son sometidos a una evaluación antropométrica (composición corporal y somatotipo) y física (resistencia aeróbica, anaerobia láctica, anaeróbica aláctica y resistencia muscular), los datos arrojados serán agrupados según la posición de juego de cada futbolista (porteros, defensas, volantes, delanteros). Posteriormente, se realiza un análisis estadístico para obtener el futbolista promedio en edades comprendidas entre 16 - 20 años.PregradoLICENCIADO(A) EN EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA Y DEPORTE

Optimization of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for Power Generation: A Bibliometric Review

The use of Hybrid Power Generation Systems through renewable sources has been gaining prominence, since it is a way to reduce the dependence on fossil fuels, contributing to the reduction of pollutant gas emissions to the environment. Due to the higher operational complexity, the multiplicity of options and constant improvement of these units, how to optimize these systems is still a subject of present studies. Considering the attention that this topic has received from the academic community, the challenges for mapping and identifying the relevant literature, this article provides a macroscopic view of the scientific literature on the Optimization of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRES) for energy generation, through analysis bibliometric. The research was developed using the Web of Science database, obtaining a total of 439 articles between 2010 and 2020, where the results were interpreted through the VOSviewer software. The results showed that the number of related publications is gradually increasing, with India as the leading country. The University of Malaya is the institution with a higher number of registers, with 14 entries. Most publications fit into the “Energy Fuels” category, with the magazines “Renewable Sustainable Energy Reviews” and “Renewable Energy” as the most influential in terms of the number of publications, as well as the United States and China are the countries with most research collaboration. Besides, the most cited articles and the recurrence and distribution of keywords indicate the future directions of research. In short, this study contributes valuable information to researchers on the topic

Utilización de residuos orgánicos en la elaboración del compost con la comunidad educativa del Centro Educativo Trojayaco, municipio de el Tambo Nariño

55 p.1. Introducción 2. Problema de investigación 3. Objetivos de la investigación 4. Justificación 5. Delimitación del tema 6. Marco referencial 7. Tipo de investigación 8. Diseño metodológico 9. Recursos 10. Cronograma 11. Conclusiones 12. Recomendaciones 13. Bibliografía Anexo

Estrategia ambiental para el manejo adecuado de los residuos sólidos con la comunidad educativa del centro educativo Ricaurte del municipio el Tambo Nariño.

Debido a la excesiva explotación de los recursos y a la acumulación de los desechos orgánicos e inorgánicos se ha generado una gran cantidad de residuos sólidos en el Centro Educativo Ricaurte por ende es fácil imaginar la magnitud del problema que representa deshacerse de ellos, generando así un malestar a los habitantes de la comunidad del corregimiento de Ricaurte municipio El Tambo Nariño, como también perjudicando y ocasionando enfermedades virales, respiratoria, gastrointestinales entre otras según el Plan de Desarrollo 2012 – 2015 del Municipio El Tambo departamento de Nariño

Efeito da suplementação de creatina no treinamento neuromuscular e composição corporal em jovens e idosos

Introdução: Com o decorrer dos anos, aumenta a busca por soluções com o intuito de minimizar e evitar essas alterações ocasionadas pelo envelhecimento. O treinamento de força tanto em jovens quanto em idosos tem sido recomendado como intervenção segura e eficaz, sobre o fato de que os benefícios de aumento de força, resistência, massa muscular e aptidão física estão sendo conseguidos com essa modalidade do qual podem ser potencializadas quando a suplementação de creatina é associada. Objetivo: Investigar as modificações na composição corporal de jovens e idosos submetido a um programa de treinamento neuromuscular com e sem suplementação de creatina. Materiais e Métodos: Participaram da pesquisa 22 jovens (Grupo A) com idade de 18 a 25 anos e 20 idosos (Grupo B) entre 60 e 70 anos de ambos os gêneros saudáveis.  Ambos os grupos foram orientados por um nutricionista. Na análise dos dados utilizou-se o teste T pareado para uma amostra, uma vez que os dados apresentaram distribuição normal, com significância estatística de α≤0,05. Resultados: A massa livre de gordura teve aumento significativo em ambos os grupos (4,23%) e (2,15%) no suplementado e não suplementado, respectivamente. O percentual de gordura não apresentou diferença significativa, já massa corporal apresentou diferença apenas no grupo suplementado. Conclusão: A suplementação de creatina apresenta possíveis efeitos junto ao treinamento neuromuscular, tanto em homens quanto em mulheres (jovens e idosos). O uso de creatina associada aos exercícios de força podem ser condutas propicias para o idoso em relação aos efeitos do envelhecimento, por ter favorecido no desempenho em séries múltiplas de poucas repetições de musculação. ABSTRACT Effects of creatine supplementation on neuromuscular training and body composition in youth and eldersIntroduction: Over the time, it has been intensified the necessity of solutions to minimize and to avoid these alterations occasioned by the aging. The force training applied either in youth or in elders has been recommended as a safe and efficient intervention because the benefits on increasing the resistance, the muscle mass and the willingness to practice physical activities are being reached through the association of using creatine supplementation. Aim: Evaluate modifications on the body performance in youth and elders through the application of a neuromuscular training program with and without the use of creatine. Materials and Methods: The research was applied with 22 youth (group A) with age between 18 and 25 years and 20 elders (group B) with age between 60 and 70 years. Both groups were oriented by a nutritionist. The data analysis was determined through the T test compiled to a sample as the data presented normal distribution with statistic significance equal less than 0, 05. Results: The mass free of fat was significantly increased on the supplemented group (4, 23%) and on the group without supplementation (2, 15%). The percentage of fatness did not present significant difference; however the body mass reached visible difference only in the supplemented group. Conclusion: The supplementation of creatine presents possible and effective contributions to the health if it is connected to the neuromuscular training over men and women (youth and elders) The use of creatine associated to the force training can be interrelated to elders and youth in order to minimize the effects of aging as it has contributed to the increase of performance in multiple series with less repetitions during the process of training

Craft beers fermented by potential probiotic yeast or lacticaseibacilli strains promote antidepressant-like behavior in swiss webster mice

This study aimed to produce a probiotic-containing functional wheat beer (PWB) by an axenic culture system with potential probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae var boulardii 17 and probiotic-containing functional sour beer (PSB) by a semi-separated co-cultivation system with potential probiotic Lacticaseibacillus paracasei DTA 81 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae S-04. Additionally, results obtained from in vivo behavioral tests with Swiss Webster mice treated with PWB or PSB were provided, which is scarce in the current literature. Although the use of S. boulardii to produce beers is not a novelty, this study demonstrated that S. boulardii 17 performance on sugar wort stills not completely elucidated; therefore, further studies should be considered before using the strain in industrial-scale production. Co-culture systems with lacticaseibacilli strain and S. cerevisiae have been reported in the literature for PSB production. However, lacticaseibacilli survivability in beer can be improved by semi-separated co-cultivation systems, highlighting the importance of growing lacticaseibacilli in the wort before yeast pitching. Besides, kettle hopping must be chosen as the method for hop addition to produce PSB. The dry-hopping method may prevent iso-alpha formation in the wort; however, a tendency to sediment can drag cells at the tank bottom and negatively affect L. paracasei DTA 81 viability. Despite stress factors from the matrices and the stressful conditions encountered during GI transit, potential probiotic S. boulardii 17 and potential probiotic L. paracasei DTA 81 withstood at sufficient doses to promote antidepressant effects in the mice group treated with PWB or PSB, respectively.The Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) provided financial support by national funds FCT/MCTES to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020) and the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Perinatal N(G)-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester administration decreases anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in adult mice

ABSTRACT Objective: We hypothesized that perinatal manipulations of the nitrergic system would affect adult animal behaviors. Methods: We tested this hypothesis by perinatally administering N(G)-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a non-specific antagonist of nitric oxide synthase for 15 days and assessed anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in adult mice. At 70 days of age, the mice were subjected to a battery of tests consisting of the open-field, light/dark box, forced swim, and tail-flick tests. The tests were performed at two-day intervals, and the order of the tests within the battery was determined according to the progressive invasiveness degree. Results: L-NAME-treated animals exhibited decreased anxiety-like behavior in the light/dark box and open field tests, with no change in locomotor activity. Additionally, they demonstrated decreased depression-like behavior in the forced swim test and no change in pain perception in the tail-flick test. Conclusion: The nitrergic system is possibly involved in neural circuitry development that regulates behaviors since blocking perinatal nitric oxide production decreases anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in adult mice

Multi-Objective Optimization Techniques to Solve the Economic Emission Load Dispatch Problem Using Various Heuristic and Metaheuristic Algorithms

The main objective of thermoelectric power plants is to meet the power demand with the lowest fuel cost and emission levels of pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions, considering the operational restrictions of the power plant. Optimization techniques have been widely used to solve engineering problems as in this case with the objective of minimizing the cost and the pollution damages. Heuristic and metaheuristic algorithms have been extensively studied and used to successfully solve this multi-objective problem. This chapter, several optimization techniques (simulated annealing, ant lion, dragonfly, NSGA II, and differential evolution) are analyzed and their application to economic-emission load dispatch (EELD) is also discussed. In addition, a comparison of all approaches and its results are offered through a case study

Effect of lactation length adjustment procedures on genetic parameter estimates for buffalo milk yield

The objectives of this study were to estimate the genetic parameters for milk yield unadjusted and adjusted for days in milk and, subsequently, to assess the influence of adjusting for days in milk on sire rank. Complete lactations from 90 or 150 days of lactation to 270 or 350 days in milk were considered in these analyses. Milk yield was adjusted for days in milk by multiplicative correction factors, or by including lactation length as a covariable in the model. Milk yields adjusted by different procedures were considered as different traits. Heritability estimates varied from 0.17 to 0.28. Genetic correlation estimates between milk yields unadjusted and adjusted for days in milk were greater than 0.82. Adjusting for days in milk affected the parameter estimates. Multiplicative correction factors produced the highest heritability estimates. More reliable breeding value estimates can be expected by including short length lactation records in the analyses and adjusting the milk yields for days in milk, regardless of the method used for the adjustment. High selection intensity coupled to the inclusion of short length lactations and adjustment with multiplicative factors can change the sire rank.