52 research outputs found

    Hermes: DSM por software con granularidad fina

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    Aún a pesar de haber pasado su etapa de mayor auge a principios de los ’90, los sistemas de DSM por software pueden representar todavía una alternativa con una excelente relación costo/performance para ejecutar procesamiento en paralelo en clusters de workstation estándares, caracterizados además por un gran potencial para la escalabilidad. En Hermes enfocamos desde otro ángulo la problemática de estos sistemas, al proveer un control de granularidad fina sobre los datos con una complejidad y sobrecarga mínimas, que a la vez le brinda una alta flexibilidad al sistema para utilizar el modelo de consistencia que resulte más apropiado. Los principios que guiaron el diseño de nuestro sistema fueron dos: el de diseñar un sistema de DSM por software simple y eficiente que pudiera utilizarse sobre una plataforma estándar sin requerimientos onerosos de hardware, y el de minimizar el efecto negativo de los dos problemas principales que aquejan desde su concepción a los sistemas de DSM por software: el false-sharing proveniente de la gruesa granularidad de consistencia que implica el uso del mecanismo de protección de memoria virtual, y las latencias prohibitivas asociadas al tráfico de mensajes sobre protocolos de red estándares durante las etapas de sincronización. Para esto último proponemos como alternativa recurrir al uso de interfaces de red mapeadas a memoria virtual, o de un procesador adicional dedicado en el mismo nodo. Hermes es un trabajo en progreso dentro del área de Sistemas del Departamento de Ciencias e Ingeniería de la Computación de la Universidad Nacional del Sur de Bahía Blanca, iniciado como Trabajo Final para la carrera de Ingeniería en Sistemas de Computación por Horacio Andrés Lagar Cavilla, con la supervisación del Ing. Rafael Benjamín García.Eje: Sistemas DistribuidosRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

    Hermes: DSM por software con granularidad fina

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    Los sistemas de DSM por software sobre clusters de workstations constituyen una alternativa interesante para el procesamiento paralelo, gracias a su gran potencial para la escalabilidad y excelente relaci on costo/performance. Al encarar el diseño de un sistema de este tipo, los aspectos fundamentales a considerar son: que sea simple y eficiente, que pueda utilizarse sobre una plataforma est andar sin requerimientos onerosos de hardware, que minimice el efecto negativo de false sharing proveniente de la gruesa granularidad de consistencia que acarrea el uso del mecanismo de protecci on de memoria virtual, y que evite las latencias prohibitivas asociadas al tr afico de mensajes sobre protocolos de red est andares durante las etapas de sincronizaci on. En este trabajo presentamos Hermes, un sistema de DSM por software que resuelve la problem atica citada con un enfoque simple y totalmente novedoso, al evitar el costo de mantener un orden parcial de las referencias {con ciertos modelos de consistencia relajados{. Hermes provee adem as control de granularidad fina de complejidad y sobrecarga m nima, que potencia su escalabilidad y brinda a su vez una alta flexibilidad para utilizar el modelo de consistencia que resulte m as apropiado. En lo que respecta a la comunicaci on, proponemos recurrir al uso de interfaces de red mapeadas a memoria virtual.Eje: Procesamiento distribuido y paralelo (PDP)Red de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

    Hermes: DSM por software con granularidad fina

    Get PDF
    Aún a pesar de haber pasado su etapa de mayor auge a principios de los ’90, los sistemas de DSM por software pueden representar todavía una alternativa con una excelente relación costo/performance para ejecutar procesamiento en paralelo en clusters de workstation estándares, caracterizados además por un gran potencial para la escalabilidad. En Hermes enfocamos desde otro ángulo la problemática de estos sistemas, al proveer un control de granularidad fina sobre los datos con una complejidad y sobrecarga mínimas, que a la vez le brinda una alta flexibilidad al sistema para utilizar el modelo de consistencia que resulte más apropiado. Los principios que guiaron el diseño de nuestro sistema fueron dos: el de diseñar un sistema de DSM por software simple y eficiente que pudiera utilizarse sobre una plataforma estándar sin requerimientos onerosos de hardware, y el de minimizar el efecto negativo de los dos problemas principales que aquejan desde su concepción a los sistemas de DSM por software: el false-sharing proveniente de la gruesa granularidad de consistencia que implica el uso del mecanismo de protección de memoria virtual, y las latencias prohibitivas asociadas al tráfico de mensajes sobre protocolos de red estándares durante las etapas de sincronización. Para esto último proponemos como alternativa recurrir al uso de interfaces de red mapeadas a memoria virtual, o de un procesador adicional dedicado en el mismo nodo. Hermes es un trabajo en progreso dentro del área de Sistemas del Departamento de Ciencias e Ingeniería de la Computación de la Universidad Nacional del Sur de Bahía Blanca, iniciado como Trabajo Final para la carrera de Ingeniería en Sistemas de Computación por Horacio Andrés Lagar Cavilla, con la supervisación del Ing. Rafael Benjamín García.Eje: Sistemas DistribuidosRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

    Cloud engineering is search based software engineering too

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    Many of the problems posed by the migration of computation to cloud platforms can be formulated and solved using techniques associated with Search Based Software Engineering (SBSE). Much of cloud software engineering involves problems of optimisation: performance, allocation, assignment and the dynamic balancing of resources to achieve pragmatic trade-offs between many competing technical and business objectives. SBSE is concerned with the application of computational search and optimisation to solve precisely these kinds of software engineering challenges. Interest in both cloud computing and SBSE has grown rapidly in the past five years, yet there has been little work on SBSE as a means of addressing cloud computing challenges. Like many computationally demanding activities, SBSE has the potential to benefit from the cloud; ‘SBSE in the cloud’. However, this paper focuses, instead, of the ways in which SBSE can benefit cloud computing. It thus develops the theme of ‘SBSE for the cloud’, formulating cloud computing challenges in ways that can be addressed using SBSE

    Abstract Robustness of Simplified Simulation Models for Indoor MANET Evaluation

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    Evaluation of Multihop Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) is usually performed through simulation. In these studies, it has been customarily assumed that simulation models with no obstacles are acceptable simplifications of the complex mobility and radio propagation condi-tions expected in actual MANET deployments. We evaluate the robustness of simplified simulation models for indoor MANET evaluation. A simplified model is robust if the performance results it yields differ uniformly from those obtained with the unsimplified model. Robust simplifications allow researchers to reliable extrapolate simulation results to real-life situations. We show that simplified simulation models are not robust for indoor environments. Ex-perimentation reveals that simplifications affect two MANET routing protocols in disparate manners. Furthermore, even within a single protocol performance trends vary erratically as parameters change. These results cast doubt on the soundness of MANET evaluations using simplified simulation models, and expose an urgent need for more research in this area. ii Dedication Yo te pido capitán, serenidad, para mirarte y verte crecer. For Claudia, Beatriz and Gustavo. ii

    Flexible Computing with Virtual Machines

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    This thesis is predicated upon a vision of the future of computing with a separation of functionality between core and edges, very similar to that governing the Internet itself. In this vision, the core of our computing infrastructure is made up of vast server farms with an abundance of storage and processing cycles. Centralization of computation in these farms, coupled with high-speed wired or wireless connectivity, allows for pervasive access to a highly-available and well-maintained repository for data, configurations, and applications. Computation in the edges is concerned with provisioning application state and user data to rich clients, notably mobile devices equipped with powerful displays and graphics processors. We define flexible computing as systems support for applications that dynamically leverage the resources available in the core infrastructure, or cloud. The work in this thesis focuses on two instances of flexible computing that are crucial to the realization of the aforementioned vision. Location flexibility aims to, transparently and seamlessly, migrate applications between the edges and the core based on user demand. This enables performing the interactive tasks on rich edge clients and the computational tasks on powerful core servers. Scale flexibility is the ability of applications executing in cloud environments, such as parallel jobs or clustered servers, to swiftly grow and shrink their footprint according to execution demands. This thesis shows how we can use system virtualization to implement systems that provide scale and location flexibility. To that effect we build and evaluate two system prototypes: Snowbird and SnowFlock. We present techniques for manipulating virtual machine state that turn running software into a malleable entity which is easily manageable, is decoupled from the underlying hardware, and is capable of dynamic relocation and scaling. This thesis demonstrates that virtualization technology is a powerful and suitable tool to enable solutions for location and scale flexibility.Ph

    Abstract

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    Graphical processing units (GPUs) are critical to high-quality visualization in many application domains. Running such applications in virtual machine monitor (VMM) environments is difficult for a number of reasons, all relating to the fact that the GPU hardware interface is proprietary rather than standardized. This paper describes the design, implementation, and evaluation of VMGL, a VMM-independent, GPU-independent, cross-platform solution to this problem. VMGL virtualizes at the OpenGL software interface, recognizing its widespread use in graphics-intensive applications. Our experiments confirm excellent rendering performance with VMGL, coming within 14 % or better of native hardware accelerated performance measured in frames per second. This is two orders of magnitude better than software rendering, which is the commonly available alternative today for graphics-intensive applications running in virtualized environments. Our results confirm VMGL’s portability across VMware Workstation and Xen (on VT and non-VT hardware), and across Linux (with and without paravirtualization), FreeBSD, and Solaris. Our results also show that the resource demands of VMGL align well with the emerging trend of multi-core processors. 1

    VMM-independent graphics acceleration

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    This paper describes VMGL, a cross-platform OpenGL virtualization solution that is both virtual machine monitor (VMM) and graphics processing unit (GPU) independent. VMGL allows applications executing within virtual machines (VMs) to leverage hardware rendering acceleration, thus solving a problem that has limited virtualization of a growing class of graphics-intensive applications. VMGL also provides applications running within VMs with suspend and resume capabilities across GPUs from different vendors. Our experimental results from a number of graphics-intensive applications show that VMGL provides excellent rendering performance, coming within 14 % or better of native graphics hardware acceleration. Further, VMGL’s performance is two orders of magnitude better than that of software rendering, the commonly available alternative today for graphics-intensive applications running in virtualized environments. Our results confirm VMGL’s portability across VMware Workstation and Xen (on VT and non-VT hardware), and across Linux (with and without paravirtualization), FreeBSD, and Solaris. Finally, the resource demands of VMGL align well with the emerging trend of multi-core processors. Categories and Subject Descriptors I.3.4 [Computer Graphics]
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