Political Communication as Epistemic Consumption: A Neuroeconomic Perspective

The aim of this paper is to contextualize and unify existing interdisciplinary literature by introducing the concepts of a non-semantic type of communication, namely pragmatic communication. Despite the utility of cognitively deducing the connotative and denotative meaning of the message we also propose that communication without semantics contains a so called expectancy violation utility which causes neurophysiological changes that help the receiver to reduce the uncertainty (or prediction errors) about its environment. Increasing the uncertainty of the environment where the public lives, would create the tendency for the publics to prefer the more surprising messages, that is, more information rich political messages. This uncertainty reduction with uncertainty seeking behavior illustrates the shift from exploitative into explorative behavior of the audience which indirectly impacts the value of the political message, by making the political message obsolete. Keywords: non-semantic type of communication, communication theory, verbal and non-verbal communications, semantic analysis, Barack Obama, etc

Genealogical Analysis of Bar’s Body Activity in Hemophilia at Two Brothers and a Cousin

In this study it is included a sample of the Presevo population and villages of 3771 individuals. During family interviews, we encountered cases in women with hemophilia and hemophiliacs. Predicting that X-sex chromosome is inactive we did not have the case that females are hemophilic. By doing the genealogical analysis of these families, we will present the thoughts about the role of Bari\u27s body when it comes to hemophilia. The genealogical method can be used especially effective in cases of monogenic inheritance. From the cases encountered during the hearing, we did not have any hemophilia in female gender. Considering that if the X chromosome is inactive in women then the dose of the chromosome is equal to the male sex. For this reason, likely to get sick of hemophilia would be equal, but in reality this does not stand. So with this study we will give our thoughts about the Bar’s body or the gender heterochromatin regarding the dilemma of this case

Design and analysis of cloth dryer cabinet by utilizing heat rejected from air conditioning system

Nowadays cabinet dryer is widely use, especially for those who are busy working. Besides that, most of the laundries today have a dryer. It is not just because it can run their operation all the time, but they also can prevent the risk to the cloths that might lost or get dirt. Cabinet dryer in the market nowadays is using electrical power as a source in generating heat. The other alternative in manipulation of heat being study to create a new cabinet dryer that make a benefit of waste. From the study, it found that split air conditioning system had waste heat that rejected from it condensing unit. The rejected heat had bad effect to the environment. This project is the study in manipulation of the heat rejected from air conditioning system to dry cloths inside a cabinet dryer. It cover the design of cabinet, investigation of the effectiveness and comparison to the several kind of other dryer. The comparison been made between natural drying and drying by commercial cabinet dryer According to the comparison, it shows that drying by heat rejected from condensing unit is better compares to the natural drying. But commercial dryer have a better drying rate compares to the cabinet dryer that manipulate the heat from condensing unit.From this project, it prove that the cabinet dryer utilizing heat rejected by air conditioning system is effective and worth even the performance is not good as commercial cabinet dryer, it is free and environmental friendly

COOPERATION BETWEEN COMMUNITY AND LOCAL GOVERNANCE - A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MUNICIPALITIES OF PRISTINA REGION

Lately, the development of local government and community has taken new direction, especially in the countries of the Western Balkans, creating a partnership between these two parties. Local government is an important segment that has the legitimacy to organize local public affairs. Whereas community is regarded mainly as a social philosophy pertaining to the domain of communitarianism. More broadly, a community is a unit that includes the social networking, beliefs, values, norms and the social cohesion between its members, who are considered as social capital and are identified as part of the community. In Kosovo, the system of local government is one-tier type, central and local levels of government and municipalities are the basic unit of local government. Whereas the cooperation between the community and local government, although it is regulated by local self-government law, is still a needed practical implementation. It is important for the community to participate in public meetings, which are means used as local decision-making and policy-making mechanisms. The purpose of this study is a comparative analysis between the participation of the communities in the decision-making process in the municipalities of Pristina region (Pristina, Fushe Kosove, Obilic, Drenas and Gracanica) and the use of local decision-making mechanisms. The methodology uses analytical and comparative analysis, focusing on the communities in the Pristina region regarding their participation in public meetings. Additionally, the study analyses the empirical research conducted with the communities in the above-mentioned municipalities with a sample of 550 respondents. The results of this research show that the participation of the community in public meetings is low. About 50% of the study participants indicated that they do not attend public meetings for a number of reasons, such as the sense that their opinions and ideas were disregarded, the distance to the meetings, lack of timely information, and other influential factors. Keywords: Collaboration, community, local government, case, Pristina region

Communication between the community and local government - Case the Municipality of Pristina

In recent years, the development of local government in the most developed countries has been oriented toward creating a new kind of partnership with the community, giving to the community an important role in policymaking and decision-making, something that is recommended by the European Charter of Local Government. Communication between the local government and the community through different communication channels/means, also in Kosovo, is an important alert or signal that the community to become an important part of public policies, although the participation of the communities in public meetings is still low, and the data derived from relevant local and international studies, also this study as well proves that the participation of the communities in drafting and developing the policies is very low. By seeing the role and importance of communication in the dialogue, cooperation, promotion and empowerment of an active community in local decision making, the goal and aim of this paper is to analyze the forms/ways of communication between the community and local government in the Pristina region, respectively in 5 municipalities: Pristina, Fushë Kosovë, Obiliq, Gllogoc dhe Gracanica, then the sources of information through which ones the community is being informed about various public meetings, also another aim is to make comparisons between the above-mentioned municipalities regarding the use of local mechanisms in decision-making.The methodology used in this paper has focused on the analysis of various studies and reports on local government and community, as well as on quantitative research to measure community opinion in the municipalities of the Pristina region. The overall results of this paper emphasize that the community is mainly informed by the local government through social networks, the municipality's website, local TV, the announcement board in municipalities, and other sources. Whereas, the local decision-making mechanisms used so far by the community are: petitions, civic initiatives, consultative committees, public meetings, but no initiatives to remove/step out mayors, although in principle some communities in some municipalities are not satisfied with their work

Knowledge about breastfeeding of children 0-6 months among mothers attending hospital services in Kosovo

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge and socio-demographic correlates of breastfeeding of children aged 0-6 months among mothers with young children in post-war Kosovo. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Kosovo during the period December 2017 – February 2018 including a representative sample of 201 mothers (aged 29.4±6.0 years) with young children attending hospital services. In addition to socio-demographic data, a structured 13-item questionnaire inquiring about breastfeeding of children aged 0-6 months was administered to all women. A summary score was calculated for all 13 items related to women’s knowledge on breastfeeding (0 denoting incorrect answers to all 13 items, and 13 denoting correct answers to all 13 questions). General linear model was used to assess the association between summary score of the knowledge about breastfeeding and socio-demographic characteristics of the women.   Results: Mean summary score of the 13 items related to knowledge about breastfeeding was 10.3±1.9; median score was 11 (interquartile range: 9-12). In multivariable-adjusted models, the mean summary score of knowledge about breastfeeding of children 0-6 months was slightly but non-significantly higher among “older” women, those residing in urban areas, highly educated women, those currently employed, and women with a higher income level. Conclusion: Generally, the level of knowledge about breastfeeding of children aged 0-6 months was satisfactory among mothers with young children included in this survey in Kosovo. Furthermore, there were seemingly no significant socio-demographic differences in the level of knowledge about breastfeeding of young infants among women in this study carried out in Kosovo.  &nbsp

The Presentation of the Republic of Kosovo Before the International Court of Justice: Procedural Aspects

Now, one year following the declaration of independence of the Republic of Kosovo from Serbia, on February 17th, 2008, the institutions of Kosovo have before them, the great challenge of promoting ever greater recognition from international society. In the near future, the independence of Kosovo will also be subject to a legal evaluation from the International Court of Justice.2 Within the framework of a request for a consultative opinion, directed by the General Assembly based on article 96 of the Charter of the Organization of the United Nations, with Serbia’s initiative, the International Court of Justice was called upon to respond to the question of whether “the unilateral declaration of the independence of Kosovo from the provisional institutions of self-governance of Kosovo is in accordance with international law?

Correlations of Lactobacillus in Saliva and OHI, PI, GI and PBI Indices in Pregnant Women

Pregnancy is a completely new physiological condition that stimulates important protective forces of the future mother. The changes that occur in the body of the pregnant woman are hormonal, biochemical, anatomical, and histological which are manifested in the functions of all organs. This study included 66 pregnant women in their first pregnancy living in Pristina or coming from nearby places in Kosovo. It aimed at dermining the Oral Hygiene Index (OHI), Plaque Index (PI), Gingival index (GI) and Index of interdental gingival bleeding (PBI) in pregnant women in the first and third trimester of pregnancy. The amount of Lactobacillus in saliva was determined by the diagnostic test of CRT-bacteria. The results show that OHI value in the third trimester of pregnancy for (p = 0.000) was significantly higher than the value in the first trimester; IDP value in the third trimester of pregnancy for (p=0.000) was significantly higher than the first trimester value; GI value in the third trimester of pregnancy was significantly higher than in the first trimester p 0.05). The correlation between IDP and the value Lactobacillus in pregnant women in the first and third trimesters showed a weak positive value (p> 0.05). The correlation between GI and the value of Lactobacillus in pregnant women in the first and third trimester showed a weak negative insignificant correlation for Spearman Rank Order R = –0.05 and p> 0.05. The results obtained from this study pointed at small differences in the examined parameters which are very important for early detection and timely prevention

Level of satisfaction and socio-demographic correlates among users of primary health care services in Kosovo

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the level and socio-demographic correlates of satisfaction with services among adult primary health care users in Kosovo. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Kosovo during the period May-June 2022 including a representative sample of 510 adult users (238 men and 272 women) of primary health care services in Kosovo (mean age: 44.6±19.2 years). In addition to socio-demographic data, a structured 23-item questionnaire aiming at assessing the level of satisfaction with primary health care services was administered to all participants (each item ranging from 1 [high] to 5 [low]). A summary score was calculated for all 23 items related to satisfaction level ranging from 23 (the highest satisfaction level) to 115 (the lowest satisfaction level). General linear model was used to assess the association between the summary score of satisfaction level with primary health care services and socio-demographic factors of study participants.   Results: Mean summary score of the 23 items related to the satisfaction level with primary health care services was 49.8±13.0; median score was 49 (interquartile range: 41-57). In multivariable-adjusted models, the level of satisfaction with primary health care services was significantly higher among participants with a lower educational attainment, individuals with e lower income level, and ethnic Albanian participants. Conclusion: This study identified important socio-demographic correlates of the level of satisfaction with primary health care services in the adult population of Kosovo. Findings from this study should raise the awareness of policymakers and decision-makers in Kosovo and elsewhere in order to improve the quality of primary health care services.   &nbsp