From Transportation to Transformation: On the Use of the Metaphor of Translation within Media and Communication Theory

This paper explores some of the common ground between media/communication and translation theory by focusing on the double metaphor of transportation/transformation. The first part of the paper deals with the more general theoretical implications of a possible interchange between communication and translation in view of the notion of spatiality and the paradigmatic change that has occurred in translation theory in the last few years moving from a transportation to a transformation oriented approach to the process of translation. The second part focuses on the work of a series of theorists who have made extensive use of the metaphor of translation to describe inter-mediatic and communicative processes: Marshall McLuhan, Vilém Flusser, Lev Manovich, and Michel Serres. This section shows that despite the use of a transformative definition of the functioning of translation the single authors have neglected to address the question of the actual nature of this transformative process. Finally, therefore, the paper discusses the relevance of the use of the metaphor of translation within communication and media theory in view of a closer definition of its transformative power

“I believe that my two tongues love each other cela ne m’étonnerait pas”: Self-Translation and the Construction of Sexual Identity

In this paper I would like to explore the work of five bilingual writers focusing on the different narratives they develop in their use of (self-)translation as a textual strategy to fashion a sexual persona. Julia(e)n Green’s Le langage et son double/The Language and its Shadow and Louis Wolfson’s Le Schizo et les langues create narratives of severance and disjointing. The self-translational activity is used here to create perfectly separated spheres of (sexual) identity. Raymond Federman’s A Voice within a Voice and Christine Brooke-Rose’s Between, on the other hand, develop narratives of merging and mixing. The self-translating activity is viewed as a constant shifting and moving of sexual roles taking place in a sphere outside the conscious control of the writer. The final part of the paper will be dedicated to a discussion of Abdelkebir Khatibi’s Amour bilingue that fictionalizes the functioning of bilingualism and self-translation in terms of sexual roles, introducing, this way, a post-colonial dimension missing in the other texts.Dans ce texte j’aimerais explorer l’oeuvre de cinq écrivains bilingues, en me concentrant sur les différents récits qu’ils produisent en utilisant l’(auto)-traduction comme stratégie textuelle pour créer une identité sexuelle. Julia(e)n Green (Le langage et son double/The Language and its Shadow) et Louis Wolfson (Le Schizo et les langues) élaborent des récits de séparation et de disjonction. L’auto-traduction est utilisée ici pour générer des sphères sexuelles tout à fait séparées. Raymond Federman (A Voice within a Voice) et Christine Brooke-Rose (Between) par contre développent des récits de fusion et de mélange. On considère que l’auto-traduction, lorsqu’elle entraîne des changements et des revirements au sein des rôles sexuels, évolue dans un espace qui relève de l’inconscient de l’auteur. La partie finale de la présentation est consacrée à la discussion de Abdelkebir Khatibi (Amour bilingue) qui parle du bilinguisme et de l’auto-traduction en termes de rôles sexuels, ajoutant, ainsi, une dimension post-coloniale qui est absente dans les autres textes

Designer Involvement Pays Off for Newspapers' Digital Editions

Professional project report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts in Journalism from the School of Journalism, University of Missouri--Columbia.There are tangible benefits for newsrooms that involve editorial designers in the development of digital editions. This was a key finding in a case study of four large American news organizations, including the Los Angeles Times, Virginian-Pilot, USAToday, and Boston Globe. Interviews with the design directors of these publications show that in almost all cases, designers are starting to have a more prominent role in the design of digital news products. This involvement appears to have financial and journalistic advantages for these organizations, including an increase in subscribers and more in-depth, interactive online storytelling

Block copolymer self-assembly for nanophotonics

The ability to control and modulate the interaction of light with matter is crucial to achieve desired optical properties including reflection, transmission, and selective polarization. Photonic materials rely upon precise control over the composition and morphology to establish periodic interactions with light on the wavelength and sub-wavelength length scales. Supramolecular assembly provides a natural solution allowing the encoding of a desired 3D architecture into the chemical building blocks and assembly conditions. The compatibility with solution processing and low-overhead manufacturing is a significant advantage over more complex approaches such as lithography or colloidal assembly. Here we review recent advances on photonic architectures derived from block copolymers and highlight the influence and complexity of processing pathways. Notable examples that have emerged from this unique synthesis platform include Bragg reflectors, antireflective coatings, and chiral metamaterials. We further predict expanded photonic capabilities and limits of these approaches in light of future developments of the field

A Comparison of the Use and Acceptance of Phototypesetting with Other Typesetting Processes Among Commercial Publishers and University Presses

The first objective of this study was to determine the degree of acceptance of the phototypesetting process among commercial publishers by comparing this process to the hot-metal and cold-type processes. Two immediate factors that would seemingly affect this acceptance would be the size of the publisher and whether or not the publisher operated his own composing room. The second objective was to determine to what degree acceptance of phototypesetting was influenced by the size of the publisher. The third objective was to determine to what extend acceptance was influenced by a composing room operating. The fourth objective was to discover what attitudes publishers had towards the photosetting process, and to compare the attitudes of those who have used the process with those who have not. Along with this, publisher’s attitudes of specific phototypesetting machines were probed. As a last objective, it w s decided to compare the entire study of commercial publishers with that of the university presses. The study was carried out by mailing a questionnaire, covering letter and self-addressed, stamped envelopes to each commercial publisher and university press in the sample

Microfluidics of binary liquid mixtures with temperature-dependent miscibility

Liquid–liquid microfluidic systems rely on the intricate control over the fluid properties of either miscible or immiscible mixtures. Herein, we report on the use of partially miscible binary liquid mixtures that lend their microfluidic properties from a highly temperature-sensitive mixing and phase separation behaviour. For a blend composed of the thermotropic liquid crystal 4-cyano-4′-pentylbiphenyl (5CB) and methanol, mixing at temperatures above the upper critical solution temperature (UCST; 24.4 °C) leads to a uniform single phase while partial mixing can be achieved at temperatures below the UCST. Thermally-driven phase separation inside the microfluidic channels results in the spontaneous formation of very regular phase arrangements, namely in droplets, plug, slug and annular flow. We map different flow regimes and relate findings to the role of interfacial tension and viscosity and their temperature dependence. Importantly, different flow regimes can be achieved at constant channel architecture and flow rate by varying the temperature of the blend. A consistent behaviour is observed for a binary liquid mixture with lower critical solution temperature, namely 2,6-lutidine and water. This temperature-responsive approach to microfluidics is an interesting candidate for multi-stage processes, selective extraction and sensing applications