Sur le musaïque/architecture du gauchissement destinal

L’abord du destinal conçu comme rythmique, c’est-à-dire en tant que jeu extralinguistique, nous a conduit cette année à dégager le rapport du destin aux écritures. Selon Phoebe Giannisi, l’architecture de la cité grecque comporte l’inscription d’une structure narrative préparant la survenue de l’écriture alphabétique. Cette inscription passe aussi par l’effacement d’une écriture destinale, non narrative mais rythmique, là où se conjoignent la mémoire poétique du fleuve, de la route et de la d..

Sur le musaïque/architecture du gauchissement destinal

L’abord du destinal conçu comme rythmique, c’est-à-dire en tant que jeu extralinguistique, nous a conduit cette année à dégager le rapport du destin aux écritures. Selon Phoebe Giannisi, l’architecture de la cité grecque comporte l’inscription d’une structure narrative préparant la survenue de l’écriture alphabétique. Cette inscription passe aussi par l’effacement d’une écriture destinale, non narrative mais rythmique, là où se conjoignent la mémoire poétique du fleuve, de la route et de la d..

« Entendre ce qui est sans voix » – le continent noir de la psychanalyse

Programme de l’année 2006-2007 : « Cette conférence se propose d’interroger les impasses actuelles de la psychanalyse par l’interrogation de ses textes classiques, et, au‑delà, par le recours aux travaux d’épistémologie contemporaine, à l’ethnographie et à l’anthropologie historique. […] 

Mécanique quantique, psychanalyse… Vers des sciences conjecturales ?

Psychanalyse et mécanique quantique mettent en question la possibilité d’une Westbild, elles entament de ce fait un profond remaniement de l’objectalité et de l’agencement des savoirs occidentaux.Le réel s’avérant inaccessible (l’homme ne « lit » plus le livre de la nature, mais l’« écrit en partie ») il convient de réactiver la question de « sciences conjecturales » de Nicolas de Cues (la confrontation d’une multiplicité de points de vue sur une même réalité).Nous avons choisi, en étant en particulier attentif à la place méconnue de l’énonciation au sein de la physique, d’interroger la manière dont ces deux savoirs et quelques autres rencontrent la question de la langue, de la traduction et de l’intraductible, voire de la création poétique, sollicitant les formes dormantes de la langue

« Entendre ce qui est sans voix » – le continent noir de la psychanalyse

Programme de l’année 2006-2007 : « Cette conférence se propose d’interroger les impasses actuelles de la psychanalyse par l’interrogation de ses textes classiques, et, au‑delà, par le recours aux travaux d’épistémologie contemporaine, à l’ethnographie et à l’anthropologie historique. […] 

New insights on the integrated management of plant diseases by RNA strategies: Mycoviruses and RNA interference

Producción CientíficaRNA-based strategies for plant disease management offer an attractive alternative to agrochemicals that negatively impact human and ecosystem health and lead to pathogen resistance. There has been recent interest in using mycoviruses for fungal disease control after it was discovered that some cause hypovirulence in fungal pathogens, which refers to a decline in the ability of a pathogen to cause disease. Cryphonectria parasitica, the causal agent of chestnut blight, has set an ideal model of management through the release of hypovirulent strains. However, mycovirus-based management of plant diseases is still restricted by limited approaches to search for viruses causing hypovirulence and the lack of protocols allowing effective and systemic virus infection in pathogens. RNA interference (RNAi), the eukaryotic cell system that recognizes RNA sequences and specifically degrades them, represents a promising. RNA-based disease management method. The natural occurrence of cross-kingdom RNAi provides a basis for host-induced gene silencing, while the ability of most pathogens to uptake exogenous small RNAs enables the use of spray-induced gene silencing techniques. This review describes the mechanisms behind and the potential of two RNA-based strategies, mycoviruses and RNAi, for plant disease management. Successful applications are discussed, as well as the research gaps and limitations that remain to be addressed.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación y Next Generation EU - (grant PID2019-110459RB-I00; PLEC2021-008076)Junta de Castilla y León - (Orden EDU/601/2020

Teaching the pronunciation of sentence final and word boundary stops to French learners of English: distracted imitation versus audio-visual explanations.

Studies on stop unrelease in second language acquisition have hitherto focused on the productions of Slavic learners of English (Šimáčková & Podlipský, 2015) and experiments on Polish learners of English; the latter show the tendency to release stops on a more regular basis depending on the type of stop combinations (Rojczyk et al. 2013). In the present study, we aim to test the efficiency of audio-visual explanations as opposed to distracted imitation in pronunciation teaching amongst French learners of English. While unreleased stops are rather frequent in French and English - especially in plosives clusters (Byrd, 1993; Davidson, 2010), unreleased plosives in final positions are less common in French (Van Dommelen, 1983). During phase 1 of the experiment, three groups of 12 native French learners of English (level A1/A2, B1/B2 and C1/C2) were asked to read idiomatic expressions containing both homogeneous and heterogeneous sequences of voiceless stops straddled between words, namely, in sequences like “that cat” [ðæt˺ kæt˺], and stops at the end of sentences like “I told him to speak” [tə spiːk˺]. In the second phase of the experiment, one half in each group was given a different task. The first group heard recorded versions of phase 1 sentences and before reading them out loud, counted up to five in their L1. Stimuli for imitation contained no release in the contexts under scrutiny. The other half had to watch a video explaining the phenomenon of unreleased stops with a production of phase-two expressions propped up by hand gestures. They were then asked to re-read the sentences given in phase 1. Based on these results the current study makes recommendations about what working environment should be prioritized in pronunciation teaching both in class and online (Kröger et al. 2010), and suggests ways to assess students and visually keep track of their progress

Effects of acetic acid, furfural and p-hydroxybenzoic acid on succinic acid fermentation by Escherichia coli BSS133

During hemicellulose hydrolysis, a mandatory step prior to fermentation, degradation products are formed from sugars and lignin In the case of hardwood hemicellulose, acetate is also released from xylan deacetylation. Those compounds might be inhibitory for both Escherichia coli growth and the succinic acid production. In the present work, E. coli growth was first tested on both glucose and xylose in the presence of different inhibitors: sodium acetate [0-12 g/L]; furfural [0-3 g/L] and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid [0-2 g/L]. This investigation was performed in shake flasks, using small size inocula. Afterwards, eleven fermentations in batch mode were carried out in 1-L fermentors, following a full factorial design with three centred points. The ranges of inhibitors studied were: acetic acid [0-10 g/L], furfural [0-2 g/L] and p-hydroxybenzoic acid [0-2 g/L]. Finally, hemicellulose was extracted from birch wood, hydrolysed with 2.7% sulfuric acid and used as a substrate for fermentation. The results showed that furfural was the most toxic compound. Besides, its association with acetic acid was synergistic since no growth occurred when furfural and acetic acid were present in the media at 2 and 10 g/L, respectively. Nevertheless, E. coli was able to hydrolyse these two compounds to some extent. Low POH concentrations did not have any significant effect on the growth and fermentation performance of E. coli. Acetic acid at high concentrations affected both the growth and the succinic acid production. Indeed, lower succinic acid concentrations were obtained when there was an initial concentration of 10 g/L of acetic acid in the media. Acetic acid, furfural and phenols were found in the hydrolysates at concentration of 13.3 g/L, 2.2 g/L and 1.5 g/L respectively. As expected from the experimental model E. coli was thus not able to grow on undetoxified birtchwood hemicellulose hydrolysates when using a batch process.Validerat; 20140326 (global_studentproject_submitter

Simultaneous Quantification of L-Arginine and Monosaccharides during Fermentation: An Advanced Chromatography Approach

Increasing demand for L-arginine by the food and pharmaceutical industries has sparked the search for sustainable ways of producing it. Microbial fermentation offers a suitable alternative; however, monitoring of arginine production and carbon source uptake during fermentation, requires simple and reliable quantitative methods compatible with the fermentation medium. Two methods for the simultaneous quantification of arginine and glucose or xylose are described here: high-performance anion-exchange chromatography coupled to integrated pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-IPAD) and reversed-phase ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with charged aerosol detection (RP-UHPLC-CAD). Both were thoroughly validated in a lysogeny broth, a minimal medium, and a complex medium containing corn steep liquor. HPAEC-IPAD displayed an excellent specificity, accuracy, and precision for arginine, glucose, and xylose in minimal medium and lysogeny broth, whereas specificity and accuracy for arginine were somewhat lower in medium containing corn steep liquor. RP-UHPLC-CAD exhibited high accuracy and precision, and enabled successful monitoring of arginine and glucose or xylose in all media. The present study describes the first successful application of the above chromatographic methods for the determination and monitoring of L-arginine amounts during its fermentative production by a genetically modified Escherichia coli strain cultivated in various growth media