fMRI evidence that precision ophthalmic tints reduce cortical hyperactivation in migraine

Background: Certain patterns can induce perceptual illusions/distortions and visual discomfort in most people, headaches in patients with migraine, and seizures in patients with photosensitive epilepsy. Visual stimuli are common triggers for migraine attacks, possibly because of a hyperexcitability of the visual cortex shown in patients with migraine. Precision ophthalmic tints (POTs) are claimed to reduce perceptual distortions and visual discomfort and to prevent migraine headaches in some patients. We report an fMRI visual cortical activation study designed to investigate neurological mechanisms for the beneficial effects of POTs in migraine. Methods: Eleven migraineurs and 11 age- and sex-matched non-headache controls participated in the study using non-stressful and stressful striped patterns viewed through gray, POT, and control coloured lenses. Results: For all lenses, controls and migraineurs did not differ in their response to the non-stressful patterns. When the migraineurs wore gray lenses or control coloured lenses, the stressful pattern resulted in activation that was greater than in the controls. There was also an absence of the characteristic low-pass spatial frequency (SF) tuning in extrastriate visual areas. When POTs were worn, however, both cortical activation and SF tuning were normalized. Both when observing the stressful pattern and under more typical viewing conditions, the POTs reduced visual discomfort more than either of the other two lenses. Conclusion: The normalization of cortical activation and SF tuning in the migraineurs by POTs suggests a neurological basis for the therapeutic effect of these lenses in reducing visual cortical hyperactivation in migraine. </jats:p

Refactorisation methods for TTCN-3

In this paper we introduce automatic methods for restructuring source codes written in test description languages. We modify the structure of these sources without making any changes to their behavior. This technique is called refactorisation. There are many approaches to refactorisation. The goal of our refactorisation methods is to increase the maintainability of source codes. We focus on TTCN-3 (Testing and Test Control Notation), which is a rapidly spreading test description language nowadays. A TTCN-3 source consists of a data description (static) part and a test execution (dynamic) part. We have developed models and refactorisation methods based on these models, separately for the two parts. The static part is mapped into a layered graph structure, while the dynamic part is mapped to a CEFSM (Communicating Extended Finite State Machine) – based model.

Vektori u nastavi matematike

U ovom radu smo usporedili uvođenje pojma vektora u raznim udžbenicima, te smo naveli razlike u definicijama i iskazima tvrdnji vezanih uz vektore koje nalazimo u tim udžbenicima. Definicije i svojstva navedena na početku korištena su u nastavku rada. Zatim smo na konkretnim primjerima pokazali kakve se sve vrste geometrijskih problema mogu riješiti pomoću vektora. Na kraju smo riješili nekoliko zadataka geometrijskom, vektorskom i analitičkom metodom.In this paper, we compared the introduction of vectors in various textbooks, and we have noted differences in definitions and statements related to vectors in these textbooks. The definitions and properties listed at the beginning were used in the following. Then we have shown in concrete examples what kind of geometric problems can be solved using vectors. Finally, we have solved several tasks with geometric, vector and analytical method

Vektori u nastavi matematike

U ovom radu smo usporedili uvođenje pojma vektora u raznim udžbenicima, te smo naveli razlike u definicijama i iskazima tvrdnji vezanih uz vektore koje nalazimo u tim udžbenicima. Definicije i svojstva navedena na početku korištena su u nastavku rada. Zatim smo na konkretnim primjerima pokazali kakve se sve vrste geometrijskih problema mogu riješiti pomoću vektora. Na kraju smo riješili nekoliko zadataka geometrijskom, vektorskom i analitičkom metodom.In this paper, we compared the introduction of vectors in various textbooks, and we have noted differences in definitions and statements related to vectors in these textbooks. The definitions and properties listed at the beginning were used in the following. Then we have shown in concrete examples what kind of geometric problems can be solved using vectors. Finally, we have solved several tasks with geometric, vector and analytical method

Vektori u nastavi matematike

U ovom radu smo usporedili uvođenje pojma vektora u raznim udžbenicima, te smo naveli razlike u definicijama i iskazima tvrdnji vezanih uz vektore koje nalazimo u tim udžbenicima. Definicije i svojstva navedena na početku korištena su u nastavku rada. Zatim smo na konkretnim primjerima pokazali kakve se sve vrste geometrijskih problema mogu riješiti pomoću vektora. Na kraju smo riješili nekoliko zadataka geometrijskom, vektorskom i analitičkom metodom.In this paper, we compared the introduction of vectors in various textbooks, and we have noted differences in definitions and statements related to vectors in these textbooks. The definitions and properties listed at the beginning were used in the following. Then we have shown in concrete examples what kind of geometric problems can be solved using vectors. Finally, we have solved several tasks with geometric, vector and analytical method

Complexity of scheduling multiprocessor tasks with prespecified processor allocations

We investigate the computational complexity of scheduling multiprocessor tasks with prespecified processor allocations. We consider two criteria: minimizing schedule length and minimizing the sum of the task completion times. In addition, we investigate the complexity of problems when precedence constraints or release dates are involved

Attention-Guided Autoencoder for Automated Progression Prediction of Subjective Cognitive Decline with Structural MRI

Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD) which occurs even before mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Progressive SCD will convert to MCI with the potential of further evolving to AD. Therefore, early identification of progressive SCD with neuroimaging techniques (e.g., structural MRI) is of great clinical value for early intervention of AD. However, existing MRI-based machine/deep learning methods usually suffer the small-sample-size problem which poses a great challenge to related neuroimaging analysis. The central question we aim to tackle in this paper is how to leverage related domains (e.g., AD/NC) to assist the progression prediction of SCD. Meanwhile, we are concerned about which brain areas are more closely linked to the identification of progressive SCD. To this end, we propose an attention-guided autoencoder model for efficient cross-domain adaptation which facilitates the knowledge transfer from AD to SCD. The proposed model is composed of four key components: 1) a feature encoding module for learning shared subspace representations of different domains, 2) an attention module for automatically locating discriminative brain regions of interest defined in brain atlases, 3) a decoding module for reconstructing the original input, 4) a classification module for identification of brain diseases. Through joint training of these four modules, domain invariant features can be learned. Meanwhile, the brain disease related regions can be highlighted by the attention mechanism. Extensive experiments on the publicly available ADNI dataset and a private CLAS dataset have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method. The proposed model is straightforward to train and test with only 5-10 seconds on CPUs and is suitable for medical tasks with small datasets.Comment: 10 pages, 12 figure

Operations with the digital orbit feedback system in the NSLS x-ray ring

The digital filtering and eigenvector decomposition-based orbit correction is performed by two dedicated HP 742/743 rt micros which communicate with Motorola CPU based orbit-measuring and orbit-correction systems. The correction algorithm in the DFbk was orthogonalized with respect of the analog global harmonic feedback. Operational results concerning improvements in the noise suppression at low frequencies and especially in the dc drift as well as in the orbit stability are shown. Efforts are underway to improve the resolution of the orbit measuing system and the sampling rate using 16 bit 400 kHz ADC`s which will allow orbit sampling with high resolution at 4 kHz frequency

Vapor phase spectra and the pressure-temperature dependence of long-chain carboxyllic acids studied by a CO laser and the photoacoustic heat-pipe detector.

A resonant photoacoustic heat-pipe (PAHP) cell was constructed and used for spectral studies of four long-chain saturated fatty acids (C10:0 to C16:0) at CO laser wavelengths and temperatures above that of the ambient. Vapor-phase absorption spectra were recorded at temperatures of 383 K for capric acid C10H20O2, 400 K for lauric acid C12H24O2, 438 K for myristic acid C14H28O2, and 445.5 K for palmitic acid C16H32O2, respectively. In addition, the temperature dependence (298 to 393 K) of vapor pressure was determined for C10:0; measurable PA signals were obtained at a temperature only a few degrees above the melting point for this acid. The data observed for C10:0 could be linearly fitted from as low as 323 K, indicating the validity of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation for temperatures lower than the 398 K &lt; T &lt; 541.4 K range anticipated so far