Variabilidad en la estructura poblacional del calamar gigante (Dosidicus gigas) en Santa Rosalía, región central del Golfo de California = Variability in the population structure of jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) in Santa Rosalía, central Gulf of California

This study describes the population structure of jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) in the area of Santa Rosalía (central Gulf of California) during the years 2003 and 2004, and analyzes the interannual variability in the size structure over a wider time period, 1996-2004 (except 2000-2002). The results revealed clear differences in the size structure and sexual maturity of males and females between 2003 and 2004. The jumbo squid population observed during the 2003 fishing season showed a high proportion of large and sexually mature individuals, whereas most specimens sampled during 2004 were smaller and immature. Expanding our time period, we observed a strong interannual variability in the size structure of jumbo squid within the Gulf of California, which was also reflected in the size at maturity. These changes in the population structure seem to be related to the occurrence and intensity of El Niño events. We recommend taking this variability into account at the beginning of each fishing season when the authorities establish the management strategy for the jumbo squid fishery in the Gulf of California

Paralarvae of the complex Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis-Dosidicus gigas (Cephalopoda: Ommastrephidae) in the northern limit of the shallow oxygen minimum zone of the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean (April 2012)

18 páginas, 10 figuras, 3 tablasThe three-dimensional distribution of the paralarvae of the complex Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis-Dosidicus gigas (Cephalopoda: Ommastrephidae) was analyzed at the northern limit of the shallow oxygen minimum zone in the Eastern Tropical Pacific in April 2012. The upper limit of the oxygen minimum water (∼44 µmol/kg or 1 mL/L) rises from ∼100 m depth in the entrance of the Gulf of California to ∼20 m depth off Cabo Corrientes. Most of the paralarvae of this complex, dominated by D. gigas, were concentrated in the Gulf entrance, between the thermocline (∼20 to ∼50 m depth) and the sea surface, in the warmest (>19°C) oxygenated (>176 µmol/kg) layer. The highest abundance of paralarvae was detected in an anticyclonic eddy (∼120 km diameter and >500 m deep), which contained lower-salinity water (<35 g/kg), consistent with formation in the California Current. Lower paralarvae abundance was recorded further south off Cabo Corrientes, where hypoxic layers were elevated as water shoaled nearshore. Almost no paralarvae were found in the north of the study area beyond the strong salinity front (∼34.8–35.4 g/kg) that bounded the anticyclone. These results showed an affinity of the paralarvae for lower-salinity, oxygenated water, illustrated by the influence of the mesoscale anticyclonic eddy and the salinity front in their distribution. Based on this study, it can be concluded that the expansion of the depth range of hypoxic water observed in the Eastern Tropical Pacific may be increasing environmental stress on the paralarvae by vertically restricting their habitat, and so affecting their survivalThis work was made possible thanks to the financial support of SEP-CONACyT (contracts 2014-236864) and by the Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Multidisciplinary Project 2015-0176)Peer reviewe

DIREITOS E POLÍTICAS SOCIAIS NAS TRAJETÓRIAS BIOGRÁFICAS DE QUATRO MULHERES URUGUAIAS

This paper has been written based on an etnographic-colaborative research project in different scenarios of the Uruguayan territory, together with technicians from the Social Development Minister (MIDES), between 2018 and 2019. In the last 15 years, a set of social policies have developed to protect sectors of the population whose rights have been structurally violated. In particular, they targeted women, who have carried social and moral burdens that have forced them to sustain care and economic provision, especially among the popular classes. In addition to the universal policies who attend them, there were proximity policies aimed at accompanying those in the most vulnerable situations in the poorest neighborhoods throughout the country. This article, based on four women's trajectories (two of them transgender), aims to offer an understanding of the impact on them of social policies and the moralities (especially those linked to gender issues) to which they relate. &nbsp; Keywords: Social Policies; Rights; Gender; Biographical Trajectories; UruguayEste artículo fue realizado en base a un proyecto de investigación etnográfico colaborativo en diferentes escenarios del territorio nacional, junto con técnicos del Ministerio de Desarrollo Social (MIDES) entre los años 2018 y 2019. Durante los últimos 15 años se desarrollaron una serie de políticas sociales que tuvieron como objeto proteger a sectores de la ciudadanía estructuralmente desprotegidos, especialmente a las mujeres que han soportado cargas sociales y morales que las han obligado a sostener los cuidados y la provisión económica, de formas especialmente radicales entre las clases populares. Además de las políticas universales que las atienden, hubo políticas de proximidad que se orientaron a dar soporte en el terreno a quienes se encontraban en las situaciones más vulnerables dentro de los barrios más pobres de todo el país. Este artículo, a partir de cuatro trayectorias de mujeres (dos de ellas transgénero), se propone a ofrecer comprensión del impacto sobre ellas de las políticas sociales y las moralidades (especialmente las vinculadas a cuestiones de género) con las cuales se relacionan. &nbsp; Palabras clave: Políticas Sociales; Derechos; Género; Trayectorias Biográficas; UruguayEste artigo foi elaborado a partir de um projeto de pesquisa etnográfica colaborativa em diferentes espaços do território nacional junto com técnicos do Ministério do Desenvolvimento Social (MIDES) entre 2018 e 2019. Durante os últimos 15 anos, uma série de políticas sociais foram desenvolvidas com o objetivo na proteção dos setores da cidadania cujos direitos foram estruturalmente violados, especialmente mulheres que suportaram cargas sociais e morais que as obrigaram desde sempre com os cuidados e a provisão econômica, de maneiras especialmente radicais entre as classes populares. Além das políticas universais que focam nelas, havia políticas de proximidade que visavam apoiar no terreno a aqueles que se encontravam em situação de maior vulnerabilidade nos bairros mais pobres de todo o país. Este artigo, baseado em quatro trajetórias de mulheres (duas delas transgênero), visa oferecer uma compreensão do impacto sobre elas das políticas sociais e moralidades (especialmente aquelas relacionadas às questões de gênero) com as quais elas se relacionam. &nbsp; Palavras-chave: Políticas sociais; Direitos; Género; Trajetórias Biográficas; Uruguai. &nbsp

A multicenter, randomized study of argatroban versus heparin as adjunct to tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) in acute myocardial infarction: myocardial infarction with Novastan and TPA (MINT) study

AbstractOBJECTIVESThis study examined the effect of a small-molecule, direct thrombin inhibitor, argatroban, on reperfusion induced by tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).BACKGROUNDThrombin plays a crucial role in thrombosis and thrombolysis. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that argatroban has advantages over heparin for the inhibition of clot-bound thrombin and for the enhancement of thrombolysis with TPA.METHODSOne hundred and twenty-five patients with AMI within 6 h were randomized to heparin, low-dose argatroban or high-dose argatroban in addition to TPA. The primary end point was the rate of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) grade 3 flow at 90 min.RESULTSTIMI grade 3 flow was achieved in 42.1% of heparin, 56.8% of low-dose argatroban (p = 0.20 vs. heparin) and 58.7% of high-dose argatroban patients (p = 0.13 vs. heparin). In patients presenting after 3 h, TIMI grade 3 flow was significantly more frequent in high-dose argatroban versus heparin patients: 57.1% versus 20.0% (p = 0.03 vs. heparin). Major bleeding was observed in 10.0% of heparin, and in 2.6% and 4.3% of low-dose and high-dose argatroban patients, respectively. The composite of death, recurrent myocardial infarction, cardiogenic shock or congestive heart failure, revascularization and recurrent ischemia at 30 days occurred in 37.5% of heparin, 32.0% of low-dose argatroban and 25.5% of high-dose argatroban patients (p = 0.23).CONCLUSIONSArgatroban, as compared with heparin, appears to enhance reperfusion with TPA in patients with AMI, particularly in those patients with delayed presentation. The incidences of major bleeding and adverse clinical outcome were lower in the patients receiving argatroban

Estructuras monticulares y hormigueros en el sur de la Cuenca de la Laguna Merín: ¿ingenieros ambientales y/o la estrategia del bricoleur?

Las estructuras monticulares (EM) de la Cuenca de la Laguna Merín (5,5-0,2 ka C14 AP) son caracterizadas como construcciones en tierra, y la discusión se ha centrado en procedencia y selección granulométrica de materiales constructivos. Nuevas evidencias indican evidencia de fuego y para EM de India Muerta-Paso Barranca, la termoalteración de materiales cementados por acción biológica: nidos epigeos de Camponotus punctulatus. Estas hormigas colonizan los mismos ambientes, y han sido indicadas como “ingenieros de ecosistemas” por su capacidad de modular recursos del suelo y crear/modificar el hábitat. Tres líneas se plantearon para analizar procedencia del material para la confección de tierra quemada en un análisis: disponibilidad, costos y características. Los datos permiten concluir que fragmentos mayores (con ostensibles galerías), y los rasgos morfológicos de fragmentos menores indican un origen en nidos. Considerando disponibilidad, propiedades y respuesta a la termoalteración, analizamos motivos y consecuencias de selección de este material constructivo. Abordamos la analogía entre hormigueros y EM más allá de lo morfológico, dado que en ambos se observa la capacidad de modular recursos del suelo y de crear/modificar hábitat para otras especies. Las EM integraron un prolongado proceso de construcción antrópica del paisaje de las tierras bajas extendido por cinco milenio

Datación de estructuras monticulares por OSL/TL

En este trabajo se presentan las primeras dataciones TL y OSL hechas a partir de concreciones de tierra quemada procedentes de estructuras monticulares. Las muestras se tomaron de la estructura monticular 10 del sitio Garcia Ricci, ubicado en el Bañado de la India Muerta, cuenca de la Laguna Merín, este del Uruguay. Se exponen los procedimientos seguidos en la toma de muestras, procesamiento de laboratorio y medición. Se analiza la consistencia de los datos obtenidos por las dos técnicas y con cronologías 14C de la misma estructura monticular como asimismo de los que se disponen para manifestaciones arqueológicas similares de la región. A la luz de los resultados se evalúa la potencialidad de ambas técnicas para mejorar el abordaje de las estructuras monticulares, particularmente en aquellos aspectos culturales que tuvieron como eje la dimensión temporal

A Novel Risk Stratification Model for Patients with Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction in the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry (KAMIR): Limitation of the TIMI Risk Scoring System

The Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) risk score (TRS) has proven value in predicting prognosis in unstable angina/non ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) as well as in ST-elevation myocardial infarction. The TRS system has little implication, however, in the extent of myocardial damage in high-risk patients with NSTEMI. A total of 1621 patients (63.6±12.2 years; 1043 males) with NSTEMI were enrolled in the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry (KAMIR). We analyzed the risk for major adverse cardiac events (MACE) during a 6-month follow-up period. The TRS system showed good correlation with MACE for patients in the low and intermediate groups but had poor correlation when the high-risk group was included (p=0.128). The MACE rate was 3.8% for TRS 1, 9.4% for TRS 2, 10.7% for TRS 3, and 12.3% for TRS 4 (HR=1.29, p=0.026). Among the biomarkers and clinical risk factors, elevated N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) (HR=2.61, p=0.001) and Killip class above III showed good correlation with MACE (HR=0.302, p<0.001). Therefore, we revised an alternative clinical scoring system by including these two variables that reflect left ventricular dysfunction: age > 65 years, history of ischemic heart disease, Killip class above III, and elevated pro-BNP levels above the 75th percentile. This modified scoring system, when tested for validity, showed good predictive value for MACE (HR=1.64, p<0.001). Compared with the traditional TRS, the novel alternative scoring system based on age, history of ischemic heart disease, Killip class, and NT-proBNP showed a better predictive value for 6-month MACE in high-risk patients with NSTEMI

Sequential Isotopic Signature Along Gladius Highlights Contrasted Individual Foraging Strategies of Jumbo Squid (Dosidicus gigas)

International audienceBackground: Cephalopods play a major role in marine ecosystems, but knowledge of their feeding ecology is limited. In particular, intra- and inter-individual variations in their use of resources has not been adequatly explored, although there is growing evidence that individual organisms can vary considerably in the way they use their habitats and resources. Methodology/Principal Findings: Using d13C and d15N values of serially sampled gladius (an archival tissue), we examined high resolution variations in the trophic niche of five large (.60 cm mantle length) jumbo squids (Dosidicus gigas) that were collected off the coast of Peru. We report the first evidence of large inter-individual differences in jumbo squid foraging strategies with no systematic increase of trophic level with size. Overall, gladius d13C values indicated one or several migrations through the squid's lifetime (,8-9 months), during which d15N values also fluctuated (range: 1 to 5%). One individual showed an unexpected terminal 4.6% d15N decrease (more than one trophic level), thus indicating a shift from higher- to lower-trophic level prey at that time. The data illustrate the high diversity of prey types and foraging histories of this species at the individual level. Conclusions/Significance: The isotopic signature of gladii proved to be a powerful tool to depict high resolution and ontogenic variations in individual foraging strategies of squids, thus complementing traditional information offered by stomach content analysis and stable isotopes on metabolically active tissues. The observed differences in life history strategies highlight the high degree of plasticity of the jumbo squid and its high potential to adapt to environmental changes