A Practical treatise on weaving and designing of textile fabrics...

Al començament i final del llibre 9 folis d'anuncis industrialsÍnde

Effects of Seismic Lines on the Abundance of Breeding Birds in the Kendall Island Bird Sanctuary, Northwest Territories, Canada

Current plans to increase oil and gas exploration and extraction in the Canadian Arctic include development in the Kendall Island Bird Sanctuary, Northwest Territories. Various studies have shown impacts of seismic lines on vegetation, but the effects on bird abundance in the Arctic are poorly known. We evaluated the impact of new (0.5–1.5 years old) and old (10–35 years old) visible seismic lines within the sanctuary on the abundance of breeding passerines (savannah sparrow, Passerculus sandwichensis; Lapland longspur, Calcarius lapponicus; common redpoll, Carduelis flammea; American tree sparrow, Spizella arborea; and red-necked phalarope, Phalaropus lobatus) in upland tundra, low-centre polygon, and sedge/willow habitats. Along new seismic lines, effects on abundance were not statistically significant for most groups of birds, although the trend in most habitats was for more birds on reference transects than on seismic lines. Significant impacts were found for passerines grouped in upland tundra and for savannah sparrow in sedge/willow. The latter effect (possibly due to standing water along the line) was not significant the following year. Along old seismic lines, abundance of passerines was lower than on reference transects in upland tundra and low-centre polygon habitat, except for Lapland longspurs in upland tundra. Lines created 10–30 years ago have persistent vegetative changes and this appears to have reduced bird abundance. Although we did not plot individual territories, birds were seen crossing the seismic lines and sometimes perched on them, suggesting that they were not avoiding the lines altogether. Instead, these birds may have increased territory size to compensate for vegetative changes along the lines.Les plans actuels visant l’intensification des travaux d’exploration et d’extraction pétrolière et gazière dans l’Arctique canadien visent la mise en valeur du refuge d’oiseaux de l’île Kendall, dans les Territoires du Nord-Ouest. Même si diverses études ont permis de démontrer les effets des profils sismiques sur la végétation, les effets de ces profils sur l’abondance d’oiseaux dans l’Arctique sont méconnus. Au sein du refuge, nous avons évalué l’incidence des nouveaux (de 0,5 à 1,5 an) et anciens (de 10 à 35 ans) profils sismiques visibles sur l’abondance des passériformes nicheurs (bruant des prés, Passerculus sandwichensis; bruant lapon, Calcarius lapponicus; sizerin flammé, Carduelis flammea; bruant hudsonien, Spizella arborea et phalarope à bec large, Phalaropus lobatus) dans la toundra supérieure, le polygone à centre concave et les habitats de laiche et de saule. Le long des nouveaux profils sismiques, les effets enregistrés sur l’abondance n’étaient pas statistiquement importants pour la plupart des groupes d’oiseaux, bien que dans la plupart des habitats, la tendance se traduit par la présence d’un plus grand nombre d’oiseaux dans les transects de référence que dans les profils sismiques. Les effets étaient importants dans le cas des passériformes regroupés dans la toundra supérieure ainsi que dans le cas du bruant des prés évoluant dans l’habitat de laiche et de saule. Ce dernier effet (qui pourrait être attribuable à l’eau stagnante le long du profil) n’était pas considérable l’année suivante. Le long des anciens profils sismiques, les passériformes se trouvaient en moins grande abondance que dans l’habitat du transect de référence de la toundra supérieure et du polygone à centre concave, sauf dans le cas du bruant lapon de la toundra supérieure. Les profils dont l’existence remonte à 10 à 30 ans sont caractérisés par des changements durables du point de vue de la végétation, et cela semble avoir eu pour effet de diminuer l’abondance d’oiseaux. Même si nous n’avons pas tracé de territoires individuels, nous avons aperçu des oiseaux en train de traverser les profils sismiques, où ils se perchaient même parfois, ce qui laisse entrevoir qu’ils n’évitaient pas les profils. Au lieu, il se peut que ces oiseaux disposent d’un territoire plus grand, ce qui compenserait pour les changements végétatifs dénotés le long des profils

Total synthesis of (+)-11,11′-dideoxyverticillin A

The alkaloid (+)-11,11′-dideoxyverticillin A [(+)-1] isolated from a marine fungal species has attracted considerable attention because of its highly functionalized and stereochemically complex molecular structure. This ornate dimeric natural product is a member of a large family of epidithiodiketopiperazine alkaloids (Fig. 1), which have been known for (Chemical Equation Presented) their rich biological activity and intricate molecular architecture. The intimidating task of constructing the sterically crowded stereogenic centers and highly sensitive functionalities make these compounds elusive for total synthesis. This study, however, describes a biosynthetically inspired enantioselective first total synthesis of (+)-1 that features stereoselective and chemoselective advanced-stage tetrahydroxylation and tetrathiolation reactions. The retrosynthetic analysis of (+)-1 (Fig. 2) mimics a biosynthesis pathway connecting dimeric epidithiodiketopiperazines to common α-amino acid precursors. The total synthesis of (+)-11,11′-dideoxyverticillin A is detailed in Figure 3. A multigram amount of the dimeric diketopiperazine intermediate (+)-13 was obtained in several steps from commercially available amino acid derivative 9. The hydroxylation of (+)-13 proved to be onerous. After extensive experimentation, Py 2 AgMnO 4 was found to efficiently oxidize (+)-13 to afford tetraol (+)-14 as a single diastereomer in multigram scale. Subsequent derivatization and reduction steps yielded (+)-16, a surrogate of intermediate 6 (Fig. 2). Treatment with trithiocarbonate followed by ethanolamine furnished the desired tetrathiolation product 5, which upon KI 3 treatment finally produced the title compound (+)-1 in 62% yield as a colorless solid. The structure of (+)-1 was unambiguously established by spectroscopic and crystallographic analyses. (Chemical Equation Presented) © 2010 Data Trace Publishing Company.American Society for Engineering Education. National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate FellowshipFonds québécois de la recherche sur la nature et les technologies (Fellowship

Synthetic studies on the phomoidrides

A model study for the synthesis of the fungal metabolites phomoidride A and B is presented. Building on previous studies from our group, the carbocyclic core of these molecules was constructed using a [6+4] cycloaddition between tropone 41 and the silyl enol ether of 2-cyclopenten-1-one. Efforts to install the C-17 phomoidride sidechain on substrates derived from this carbocycle met with limited success. This led us to revise our strategy by employing the novel 5-substituted cyclopentadiene 118. In contrast to the known instability of 5 substituted cyclopentadienes towards [1,5] hydrogen shifts, the 2-silyloxy moiety of 118 imparted remarkable thermal stability on the diene. A practical method was developed for the multigram-scale synthesis of cyclopentenone 132, a useful synthon and precursor to 118. Diene 118 underwent smooth [6+4] cycloaddition with tropone 41 at 23°C to give 133 in 51-54% yield.*Attempts to install the C-17 stereocenter of the phomoidrides through hydroboration of alkene 120 were thwarted by low yields. Remarkably, significant amounts of Markovnikoff products (9-23%) were isolated after the hydroboration of 120 and related alkenes with BH3·DMS. We undertook a series of DFT studies (B3LYP16-31G*) to understand the origins of reduced anti-Markovnikoff selectivity. These studies suggested that the bridging ketones and remote diene both contributed to this phenomenon. These studies led us to synthesize carbocycle 158. In line with predictions, hydroboration of saturated diketone 158 was completely selective for the anti-Markovnikoff product.*The C-17 sidechain of the phomoidrides was successfully extended through a conjugate addition reaction. Compound 189, which contains the correct stereochemistry of the C-9 and C-17 sidechains, represents our furthest progress to date on the molecules.**Please refer to dissertation for diagrams

Ontology-driven conceptual modeling: A'systematic literature mapping and review

All rights reserved. Ontology-driven conceptual modeling (ODCM) is still a relatively new research domain in the field of information systems and there is still much discussion on how the research in ODCM should be performed and what the focus of this research should be. Therefore, this article aims to critically survey the existing literature in order to assess the kind of research that has been performed over the years, analyze the nature of the research contributions and establish its current state of the art by positioning, evaluating and interpreting relevant research to date that is related to ODCM. To understand and identify any gaps and research opportunities, our literature study is composed of both a systematic mapping study and a systematic review study. The mapping study aims at structuring and classifying the area that is being investigated in order to give a general overview of the research that has been performed in the field. A review study on the other hand is a more thorough and rigorous inquiry and provides recommendations based on the strength of the found evidence. Our results indicate that there are several research gaps that should be addressed and we further composed several research opportunities that are possible areas for future research

Sex differences in animal models of decision making

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/137573/1/jnr23810.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/137573/2/jnr23810_am.pd

Internet Gaming Disorder Behaviors in emergent adulthood: a pilot study examining the interplay between anxiety and family cohesion

Understanding risk and protective factors associated with Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) has been highlighted as a research priority by the American Psychiatric Association, (2013). The present study focused on the potential IGD risk effect of anxiety and the buffering role of family cohesion on this association. A sample of emerging adults all of whom were massively multiplayer online (MMO) gamers (18–29 years) residing in Australia were assessed longitudinally (face-to-face: N = 61, Mage = 23.02 years, SD = 3.43) and cross-sectionally (online: N = 64, Mage = 23.34 years, SD = 3.39). IGD symptoms were assessed using the nine-item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS-SF9; Pontes & Griffiths Computers in Human Behavior, 45, 137–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.12.006, 2015). The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI; Beck and Steer, 1990) and the balanced family cohesion scale (BFC; Olson Journal of Marital & Family Therapy, 3(1) 64–80. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0606.2009.00175.x, 2011) were applied to assess anxiety and BFC levels, respectively. Linear regressions and moderation analyses confirmed that anxiety increased IGD risk and that BFC weakened the anxiety-related IGD risk

Slipping through the net: Homeless people in Kent

This report sets out to present a snap shot of how the agencies, homeless people and the services that are set up to assist them, are perceived by each other. The purpose of the report is to generate debate and enable “both sides” to enter into open and honest dialogue. It is our hope that this will further improve joint working and allow us all to gain a deeper understanding of the problems faced by both the providers of services and those who need to use them. The report as the title suggests, highlights how people can slip through the gaps in provision and paints a picture of a “non system”. What we have to understand is how this feels for the people seeking shelter and support. The fact that many are already frightened, frustrated and angry may go someway to helping practitioners understand why vulnerable people vanish or do not respond positively to being told that they need to find their own way; this in a housing market that is out of their reach in terms of affordability and supply