1,389 research outputs found
Electrically charged pulsars
n the present work we investigate one possible variation on the usual
electrically neutral pulsars: the inclusion of electric charge. We study the
effect of electric charge in pulsars assuming that the charge distribution is
proportional to the energy density. All calculations were performed for zero
temperature and fixed entropy equations of state
Spontaneous thought and vulnerability to mood disorders : the dark side of the wandering mind
There is increasing interest in spontaneous thought, namely task-unrelated or rest-related mental activity. Spontaneous thought is an umbrella term for processes like mind-wandering, involuntary autobiographical memory, and daydreaming, with evidence elucidating adaptive and maladaptive consequences. In this theoretical framework, we propose that, apart from its positive functions, spontaneous thought is a precursor for cognitive vulnerability in individuals who are at risk for mood disorders. It is important that spontaneous thought mostly focuses on unattained goals and evaluates the discrepancy between current and desired status. In individuals who stably (i.e., trait negative affectivity) or transitorily (i.e., stress) experience negative emotions in reaction to goal-discrepancy, spontaneous thought fosters major cognitive vulnerabilities (e.g., rumination, hopelessness, low self-esteem, and cognitive reactivity), which, in turn, enhance depression. Furthermore, we also highlight preliminary links between spontaneous thought and bipolar disorder. The evidence for this framework is reviewed, and we discuss theoretical and clinical implications of our proposal
Generation of the magnetic field in jets
We consider dynamo action under the combined influence of turbulence and
large-scale shear in sheared jets. Shear can stretch turbulent magnetic field
lines in such a way that even turbulent motions showing mirror symmetry become
suitable for generation of a large-scale magnetic field. We derive the integral
induction equation governing the behaviour of the mean field in jets. The main
result is that sheared jets may generate a large-scale magnetic field if shear
is sufficiently strong. The generated mean field is mainly concentrated in a
magnetic sheath surrounding the central region of a jet, and it exhibits sign
reversals in the direction of the jet axis. Typically, the magnetic field in a
sheath is dominated by the component along the jet that can reach equipartition
with the kinetic energy of particles, The field in the central region of jets
has a more disordered structure.Comment: 7 pages, accepted for publication in A&
Prospective cognitions in anxiety and depression: Replication and methodological extension
The present study presents a replication and methodological extension of MacLeod, Tata, Kentish, and Jacobsen (1997) with a nonclinical sample, using future-directed imagery to assess prospective cognitions. Results showed that only anxiety (but not depression) was related to enhanced imagery for future negative events. Both anxiety and depression showed significant zero-order correlations with reduced imagery for future positive events. However, when the overlap between anxiety and depression was controlled for, only depression (but not anxiety) showed a unique association with reduced imagery for positive events. Implications of these findings for cognitive models of anxiety and depression are discussed
Diving into the Depths of Spotting Text in Multi-Domain Noisy Scenes
When used in a real-world noisy environment, the capacity to generalize to
multiple domains is essential for any autonomous scene text spotting system.
However, existing state-of-the-art methods employ pretraining and fine-tuning
strategies on natural scene datasets, which do not exploit the feature
interaction across other complex domains. In this work, we explore and
investigate the problem of domain-agnostic scene text spotting, i.e., training
a model on multi-domain source data such that it can directly generalize to
target domains rather than being specialized for a specific domain or scenario.
In this regard, we present the community a text spotting validation benchmark
called Under-Water Text (UWT) for noisy underwater scenes to establish an
important case study. Moreover, we also design an efficient super-resolution
based end-to-end transformer baseline called DA-TextSpotter which achieves
comparable or superior performance over existing text spotting architectures
for both regular and arbitrary-shaped scene text spotting benchmarks in terms
of both accuracy and model efficiency. The dataset, code and pre-trained models
will be released upon acceptance.Comment: 10 image
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