Noções de contextualização nas questões relacionadas ao conhecimento químico no Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar as possíveis compreensões da noção decontextualização presentes em questões do Enem (Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio) relacionados ao conhecimento químico de cinco edições concernentes ao período de 2005 a 2009. As questões vinculadas ao conhecimento químico foram submetidas aos procedimentos Analise Textual Discursiva esão discutidas a partir de categorias de análise, a saber: o uso de imagens como elemento de contextualização e a“contextualização” via a abordagem de questões ambientai

Caracterização psicológica de uma amostra forense de abusadores sexuais

Na presente investigação procedeu-se à avaliação psicológica de 41 abusadores sexuais (leque etário=17- -73 anos; M=43 anos) actualmente detidos em estabelecimentos prisionais recorrendo ao Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory II (Millon, 1987) e a algumas variáveis classificativas (e.g., idade das vítimas, comportamentos sexuais praticados). Os resultados demonstraram uma grande multiplicidade de perfis psicológicos possíveis, alguns dos quais mais frequentes do que outros, o que não corrobora a existência dum perfil típico e estereotipado para abusadores sexuais. Os resultados põem em causa o valor da avaliação psicológica enquanto prova jurídica no caso concreto da identificação de abusadores sexuais.In this article the authors investigated the characteristics of the psychological profiles of 41 child sex offenders (age range=17-43 years; mean age=43 years) placed in state prisons. The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory II (Millon, 1987) and some descriptive variables (e.g., victim’s sex and age, sexual behaviors) were used. The results showed a wide range of possible psychological profiles, some more frequent than others, which don’t corroborate the existence of a single typical psychological profile. The results put in question the use of psychological evaluations as juridical evidence.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Chemical constituents and antimicrobial activity of extracts from Dilodendron bipinnatum (sapindaceae)

The phytochemical investigation of ethanolic extracts from leaves, branches and stems of D. bipinnatum afforded the steroids β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, sitostenone and sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glycopyranoside, along with two cycloartane triterpenes: cycloeucalenol and 24-methylenecycloartenol. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6623), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 15442), Micrococcus luteus (ATCC 9341) and Candida albicans (ATCC 10231). The extracts of the leaves and branches showed moderate activity against Candida albicans. The extract of the branches was active against Micrococcus luteus. This is the first report on the phytochemical study of D. bipinnatum.CNPqCoordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)FAPES

Kinetics of digestion of low-quality forage grazed by beef cattle fed supplements containing increasing levels of rumen undegradable protein

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the degradation kinetics and microbial efficiency of beef cattle grazing on low-quality forage and receiving supplements with different levels of rumen undegradable protein (RUP). The animals grazed on palisade grass pasture solely or this pasture and supplement containing 40 or 60 g of RUP per 100 g of crude protein (CP). The degradation profiles of neutral detergent fiber, fiber carbohydrates, and neutral detergent insoluble protein were interpreted kinetically by using a decreasing logistic model. Treatments (no supplement, or RUP at 40 or 60 g−1 100 g CP) did not affect rumen fill; however, the increase in the indigestible fiber carbohydrate fraction that occurred at the expense of the digestible fiber carbohydrate fraction resulted in a greater rumen fill effect. The palisade grass showed a significant proportion of its nitrogen in the form of slowly degradable protein as neutral detergent insoluble protein, which amounted to 26 g per 100 g CP. Supplementation with 40 g of RUP per 100 g CP decresead the indigestible fraction of the low-quality forage. However, the absence of a rumen-fill effect demonstrates that the additional supply of nutrients contributes greatly to increasing growth efficiency and use of the available energy from the forage by the ruminal microorganisms

A abordagem de questões ambientais: contribuições de formadores de professores de componentes curriculares da área de ensino de química

This paper presents the results of a study involving current teachers of the chemistry teaching curricular components of twelve Chemistry licentiate courses at state universities in the South and South-east of Brazil. The aim was to analyse how these curricular components can work together to address environmental issues in Chemistry teacher-training. From analysis of the interviews, it can be ascertained for example that environmental themes in the curricular components analysed are treated with differing levels of intensity and perspectives, and in some cases, have a more illustrative character regarding chemistry concepts

Environmental stratification based on a 28 x 28 diallel of open-pollinated maize varieties

The objective of this study was to assess the representativeness of the test environments used by the maizebreeding program of Embrapa in the first phase of genotype evaluation. Ear weight of 378 hybrids from a diallel of 28 openpollinatedvarieties (OPVs) evaluated in ten environments were used. The following environments were evaluated: twogrowing seasons (1991-92 and 1992-93), at three locations (Sete Lagoas, MG, Londrina, PR, and Goiania-GO); in twogrowing seasons (1991/92 and 1993/94) in Aracaju-SE; and in two growing seasons (1992-93 and 1993-94), in PontaGrossa-PR. The complex part of the interaction accounted for nearly 75% of the genotype by environment interaction (G x E).The environments of Londrina-91/92, Ponta Grossa-93/94 and Aracaju-93/94 differed from the others and also from eachother, as shown by stratification analysis. The phenotypic correlation between genotype means in the pairwise groupedenvironments, interpreted as coefficient of genotypic determination, indicated that non-genetic causes were responsible for64.40% of the mean phenotypic variances. The results confirmed the discrimination of three major environmental groups,representing the Northeast (Aracaju), Central Southeast (Sete Lagoas, Goiania and Londrina) and South (Ponta Grossa)regions

COMPORTAMENTO DO FOGO EM DIFERENTES PERÍODOS E CONFIGURAÇÕES DE UMA PAISAGEM NO NORDESTE DE PORTUGAL

In this study, we discuss the importance of land use, land cover planning and forest stand management in fire hazard reduction, through the analysis of fire behavior in relation to landscape changes in Deilão, northeastern Portugal. Markov chains and cellular automata model were used to project future landscapes whose structures were quantified by landscape metrics. FlamMap model was used to simulate fire behavior. According to landscape metrics from Fragstats, we observe that scenarios and projections in Deilão have a trend towards landscape simplification, which may facilitate the occurrence of larger, more severe fires. The analyses indicate an increased fire hazard trend in the region, largely caused by the continuity of forest cover. To avoid such impacts, forest management and landscape development should be modified in order to reduce the accumulation of combustible materials.Neste trabalho aborda-se a importância do planejamento do uso e ocupação do solo, e do manejo dos sistemas florestais na redução do perigo de incêndio, analisando-se o comportamento do fogo em relação às alterações na paisagem da Deilão, nordeste de Portugal. Foram utilizadas cadeias de Markov e modelos de autômatos celulares como metodologia para projetar a paisagem no futuro. FlamMap foi utilizado para simular o comportamento do fogo. De acordo com as métricas da paisagem obtidas no Fragstats, observou-se que os cenários e projeções em Deilão têm uma tendência à simplificação da paisagem, o que pode facilitar a ocorrência de incêndios maiores e mais graves. A análise dos resultados indicou uma tendência ao aumento do perigo de incêndios na região, em grande parte, ocasionado pela expansão de plantações contínuas de florestas. Para evitar tais impactos, o manejo florestal e ordenamento da paisagem devem ser modificados a fim de se reduzir o acúmulo de materiais combustíveis

MENINGITE: ASPECTOS EPIDEMIOLÓGICOS DA DOENÇA NA REGIÃO NORTE DO BRASIL

A região Norte do Brasil é considerada zona endêmica de diversas doenças infectocontagiosas, das quais podemos citar a meningite. A doença possui diversos fatores causais, sendo que a etiologia viral é a mais comum, porém a de origem bacteriana apresenta-se como responsável pela maior taxa de mortalidade. Entretanto, apesar da sua relevância no contexto de saúde pública na região Norte do país, poucos são os estudos publicados sobre a meningite na região. Nesse sentido, foi realizado um estudo transversal com o objetivo de traçar o perfil dos indivíduos acometidos por essa doença no Norte do Brasil entre os anos de 2012 e 2015. Os dados foram obtidos no banco de dados oficial do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). No período de estudo, ocorreu queda no número de casos notificados, houve predominância do sexo masculino, da faixa etária entre 0 e 19 anos e de etiologia bacteriana. Este trabalho, associado a estimativas globais, pode fornecer subsídios para ações de prevenção e controle da meningite na região Norte.     Palavras-chave: Meningite; Região Norte; Brasil; Epidemiologia. ABSTRACT Northern region of Brazil is considered an endemic area of several infectious diseases, such as meningitis. The disease has several causal factors, and the viral etiology is the most common, but the bacterial origin is responsible for the highest mortality rate. However, despite its relevance in the context of public health in the northern region of the country, there are a few published studies on meningitis in the region. So, a cross-sectional study was carried out with the objective of tracing the profile of the individuals affected by this disease in Northern Brazil between the years of 2012 and 2015. Data were collected from the official database of the notification of injury information system. During the study period, there was a decrease in the number of cases reported, there was a predominance of males, ages ranging from 0 to 19 years and bacterial etiology. This work, combined with global estimates, can provide subsidies for prevention and control of meningitis in the North.                                   Keywords: Meningitis; Northern Brazil; Epidemiology