HUMOR GRÁFICO Y EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL: IRREVERENCIA Y CREATIVIDAD EN LAS PRÁCTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS CON NIÑOS

Este artigo discorre sobre a aproximação do humor gráfico e da educação ambiental em ações e práticas pedagógicas, nas quais exercícios críticos de reflexão e de produção de desenhos potencializam as relações da criança com o ambiente. Dessa forma, aciona a sua capacidade criativa e outras formas de pensar e compreender a realidade e nela agir.This paper is derived from a Master’s thesis entitled “ Humor Gráfico: linguagem e crítica para uma Educação Ambiental sem fronteiras” (Graphic Humor: language and criticism for an Environmental Education without frontiers). The object of research was the 1ª Mostra Internacional de Humor sobre Educação Ambiental (First International Exhibition of Humor on Environmental Education) carried out during the V Colóquio de Pesquisadores em Educação Ambiental da Região Sul do Brasil (V Colloquim of Researchers in Environmental Education in the South Region of Brazil - V CPEASUL) and the IV Encontro e Diálogos com a Educação Ambiental (IV Meeting and Dialogs with Environmental Education - IV EDEA). Both events were organized by the Post-graduate Program in Environmental Education of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, located in Rio Grande, RS, Brazil, in 2012. This paper deals with the interface between graphic humor and Environmental Education, through the use of cartoons shown in the event, and also through the work of cartoonists Edgar Vasques and Renato Canini, as examples of how satirical caricatures, cartoons, comic strips and comic books can trigger reflection and the aesthetic production of drawings in order to potentialize the child’s relationship with the environment. In this process, the child’s creative capacity and other ways of thinking, understanding and interacting with the realities of the world will be activated.Este artículo deriva de la Disertación de Maestría intitulada “Humor Gráfico: lenguaje y crítica para una Educación Ambiental sin fronteras”, cuyo objeto de investigación fue la 1ª Muestra Internacional de Humor sobre Educación Ambiental, realizada durante el V CPEASUL – Coloquio de Investigadores en Educación Ambiental de la Región Sur de Brasil y el IV EDEA – Encuentro y Diálogos con la Educación Ambiental, promovidos por el Programa de Posgrado en Educación Ambiental de la Universidad Federal de Rio Grande en 2012. El presente artículo trata de la aproximación entre el humor gráfico y la Educación Ambiental, utilizando las historietas que integraron la muestra y el trabajo de los dibujantes Edgar Vasques y Renato Canini a título de ejemplo de cómo la caricatura, la historieta, las tiras y las viñetas pueden constituir disparadores de la reflexión y de la estética de producción de dibujos para potencializar las relaciones del niño con el ambiente. En ese proceso será accionada la capacidad creativa y otras formas de pensar, comprender e interactuar con las realidades del mundo

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Humor gráfico: linguagem e crítica para uma educação ambiental sem fronteiras

Esta pesquisa objetivou compreender em que sentido e de que forma o Humor Gráfico potencializa processos de Educação Ambiental. Teve como objeto de pesquisa a 1ª Mostra Internacional de Humor sobre Educação Ambiental, exposição realizada durante o V CPEASUL - Colóquio de Pesquisadores em Educação Ambiental da Região Sul do Brasil e do IV EDEA - Encontro e Diálogos com a Educação Ambiental, promovidos pelo Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação Ambiental da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, em 2012. A Mostra reuniu 142 cartuns de 142 cartunistas de 38 países. Os desenhos que integraram a exposição foram analisados e categorizados com o propósito de investigar as temáticas ambientais e as relações locais e globais apresentadas em cada trabalho. Também foram realizadas entrevistas com pesquisadores e educadores ambientais que interagiram com os cartuns, durante a Mostra, em processo complementar à produção dos dados da pesquisa. O corpus gerado, a partir da transcrição das entrevistas, possibilitou a análise e a identificação de possibilidades e limitações do Humor Gráfico em processos de Educação Ambiental. Os dados empíricos foram sistematizados e discutidos à luz de teóricos como Félix Guattari, Eduardo Galeano, Ariel Dorfman, Karl Marx, Paulo Freire, Jiddu Krishnamurti, Lucie Sauvé, David Harvey, Michèle Sato, entre outros. A investigação possibilitou a emergência de questões relacionadas ao fato de como o Humor Gráfico e a Educação Ambiental estão inseridos nos debates sociais e ambientais da atualidade. Um dos principais resultados da pesquisa aponta para a potência do Humor Gráfico, como disparador do diálogo em processos que perturbam, desacomodam e desafiam a inteligência do leitor.This research aimed at understanding in what sense and how Graphic Humor potentializes processes in Environmental Education. Its object was the First International Show of Humor on Environmental Education, which was carried out during the V Colóquio de Pesquisadores em Educação Ambiental da Região Sul do Brasil (V CPEASUL) and the IV Encontro e Diálogos com a Educação Ambiental (IV EDEA), two events organized by the Post-graduate Program in Environmental Education at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, located in Rio Grande, RS, Brazil, in 2012. This exposition comprised 142 cartoons made by 142 cartoonists from 38 countries. All drawings were analyzed and categorized so that environmental themes as well as local and global relations of every work could be investigated. Interviews were also made with researchers and environmental educators that interacted with the cartoons during the Show, as a complement to yield research data. After the interviews were transcribed, the whole corpus enabled the analysis and the identification of possibilities and limitations of Graphic Humor in Environmental Education processes in the school context. Empirical data were systematized and discussed in the light of scholars such as Félix Guattari, Eduardo Galeano, Ariel Dorfman, Karl Marx, Paulo Freire, Jiddu Krishnamurti, Lucie Sauvé, David Harvey and Michèle Sato, among others. This investigation enabled the emergence of issues related to the insertion of Graphic Humor and Environmental Education in current social and environmental debates. One of the main results of this study points out the potential of Graphic Humor as a dialogue trigger in processes that disturb, disarrange and challenge readers’ intelligence