El aceite de oliva extra virgen y su fracción polifenólica previenen la respuesta inflamatoria y el daño articular en un modelo de artritis experimental en murino

The consumption of EVOO in Mediterranean countries has shown beneficial effects. A wide range of evidence indicates that the phenolic compounds present in EVOO are endowed with anti-inflammatory properties. In this work, we evaluated the effects of dietary EVOO and treatment with its phenolic extract (PE) in a model of RA, the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice. On day 0, DBA-1/J mice were immunized with bovine collagen type II (CII). On day 21, the mice received a booster injection. We have demonstrated that EVOO and its PE decreases joint edema, cell migration, cartilage degradation and bone erosion. Our data indicate that dietary EVOO and PE treatment inhibit JNK, p38 and signal transducer and STAT-3. In addition, both EVOO and PE decrease NF-κB translocation leading to the down-regulation of the arthritic process. These results support the interest of natural diet components in the development of therapeutic products for arthritic conditions.El consumo de Aceite de oliva virgen extra (AOVE) en los países mediterráneos ha demostrado tener efectos beneficiosos. Una amplia gama de pruebas indica que los compuestos fenólicos presentes en el AOVE tienen propiedades anti-inflamatorias. En este trabajo, se evaluaron los efectos de AOVE y el tratamiento en dieta de su fracción polifenólica (FP) en un modelo de la artritis reumatoide inducida por colágeno (CIA) en ratones. En el día 0, los ratones DBA-1/J se inmunizaron con colágeno bovino tipo II (CII). En el día 21, los ratones recibieron una inyección de refuerzo. Hemos demostrado que el AOVE y su FP disminuyen conjuntamente el edema, la migración celular, la degradación del cartílago y erosión ósea. Nuestros datos indican que la dieta con AOVE y el tratamiento con FP inhiben JNK, p38 y el transductor de señal y activador de la transcripción 3 (STAT-3). Además, tanto el AOVE como la FP disminuyen la translocación NF-κB que conduce a la mejora del proceso artrítico. Estos resultados apoyan el interés de una dieta con componentes naturales y el desarrollo de productos terapéuticos para desordenes artríticos

Identification of Key Molecules Involved in the Protection of Vultures Against Pathogens and Toxins

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.This work was supported by the Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (JCCM), project PII1I09-0243-4350.Peer Reviewe

Molecular identification of Cordylobia anthropophaga Blanchard (Diptera: Calliphoridae) larvae collected from dogs (Canis familiaris) in Jos South, Plateau State, Nigeria

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License.-- et al.Myiasis-causing larvae were extracted from dogs attending veterinary clinics in Plateau State, Nigeria and subjected to molecular analysis involving polymerase chain reaction amplification of the 28S rRNA gene of blowflies, cloning and sequencing techniques. All larvae were confirmed as Cordylobia anthropophaga Blanchard (Diptera: Calliphoridae) after the initial morphological identification. This is the first molecular identification of any myiasis-causing fly species in Nigeria and may serve as a reliable alternative to morphological identification where samples are not well preserved or difficult to identify to species level.We thank at the Instituto de Investigacion en Recursos Cinegiticos, IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain for providing the facilities to carry out this research.Peer Reviewe

Expression of recombinant Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, R. annulatus and R. decoloratus Bm86 orthologs as secreted proteins in Pichia pastoris

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) spp. ticks economically impact on cattle production in Africa and other tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Tick vaccines constitute a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to tick control. The R. microplus Bm86 protective antigen has been produced by recombinant DNA technology and shown to protect cattle against tick infestations.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In this study, the genes for Bm86 (<it>R. microplus</it>), Ba86 (<it>R. annulatus</it>) and Bd86 (<it>R. decoloratus</it>) were cloned and characterized from African or Asian tick strains and the recombinant proteins were secreted and purified from <it>P. pastoris</it>. The secretion of recombinant Bm86 ortholog proteins in <it>P. pastoris </it>allowed for a simple purification process rendering a final product with high recovery (35–42%) and purity (80–85%) and likely to result in a more reproducible conformation closely resembling the native protein. Rabbit immunization experiments with recombinant proteins showed immune cross-reactivity between Bm86 ortholog proteins.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These experiments support the development and testing of vaccines containing recombinant Bm86, Ba86 and Bd86 secreted in <it>P. pastoris </it>for the control of tick infestations in Africa.</p

Phase evolution in reaction sintered zirconium titanate based materials

11 páginas, 17 figuras.-- El pdf del artículo es la versión post-print.Zirconium titanate materials are proposed for structural components for which fully reacted and relatively large pieces are required. In this work the phase evolution in slip cast compacts constituted by equimolar mixtures of TiO2 and ZrO2 stabilized with 3 mol% of Y2O3 at high temperature is studied, to establish the basis to design suitable thermal treatments for ZrO2(Y2O3)–TiO2 materials. The temperatures at which the processes involved in the reaction sintering occurred were identified by constant heating rate experiments. Phase and microstructure analyses have been performed on specimens treated at the identified temperatures and air quenched. Then the adequate temperature range to get fully reacted and dense materials has been deduced. Materials treated at 1500 ◦C to 2 h were constituted by Zr5Ti7O24 as major phase, a solid solution of TiO2 and Y2O3 in c-ZrO2 as secondary phase and a ZrO2–TiO2–Y2O3 non-stoichiometric compound with pyrochlore structure as minor phase. Pyrochlore was demonstrated to be a metastable phase at 1500 ◦C.This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science under contracts MEC MAT2006- 13480 C02-01 and MAT2007-64486 C07-02. E. López-López acknowledges to Community of Madrid (Spain) and European Social Fund for economical support by CPI/0552/2007 contract.Peer reviewe

Kebijakan Penanggulangan Bencana Berbasis Komunitas: Kampung Siaga Bencana dan Desa/kelurahan Tangguh Bencana

Bencana alam sering terjadi di Indonesia, Kementerian Sosial membuat kebijakan programkampung siaga bencana dan Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana membuat kebijakan programdesa/kelurahan tangguh bencana. Keduanya, merupakan kebijakan pemerintah dalam penanggulanganbencana berbasis komunitas. Sehingga terkesan terjadi tumpang tindih program. Oleh karena itu penelitianini membandingkan kebijakan program kampung siaga bencana dan desa tangguh bencana dilihat darilembaga pembuat kebijakan, tujuan, konsep desa/kelurahan dan kampung, organisasi pelaksana, pelaksana,mitra organisasi, konteks ekologikal, protokol intervensi, populasi target.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan berbeda dengan Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana,Kementerian Sosial RI tidak hanya sebagai pembuat kebijakan akan tetapi juga melaksanakan fasilitasilangsung pembentukan kelembagaan kampung siaga bencana. Konsep kampung pada kampung siagabencana cenderung pada merek program bukan kampung sebagai wilayah sedangkan pada desa/kelurahan merupakan konsep kewilayahan desa/kelurahan itu sendiri. Tujuan dari kampung siaga bencanacenderung lebih kompleks yaitu memberikan pemahaman dan kesadaran masyarakat, membentuk jejaringdan memperkuat interaksi sosial, mengorganisasikan, menjamin kesinambungan, mengoptimalkan potensidan sumber daya sedangkan pada desa/kelurahan tangguh bencana lebih cenderung sebagai upayapeningkatan penanggulangan berbasis komunita

Extra-virgin olive oil and its phenolic extract prevent inflammatory response and joint damage in murine experimental arthritis

The consumption of EVOO in Mediterranean countries has shown beneficial effects. A wide range of evidence indicates that the phenolic compounds present in EVOO are endowed with anti-inflammatory properties. In this work, we evaluated the effects of dietary EVOO and treatment with its phenolic extract (PE) in a model of RA, the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice. On day 0, DBA-1/J mice were immunized with bovine collagen type II (CII). On day 21, the mice received a booster injection. We have demonstrated that EVOO and its PE decreases joint edema, cell migration, cartilage degradation and bone erosion. Our data indicate that dietary EVOO and PE treatment inhibit JNK, p38 and signal transducer and STAT-3. In addition, both EVOO and PE decrease NF-κB translocation leading to the down-regulation of the arthritic process. These results support the interest of natural diet components in the development of therapeutic products for arthritic conditions

Germline Genetic Findings Which May Impact Therapeutic Decisions in Families with a Presumed Predisposition for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer

In this study, we aim to gain insight in the germline mutation spectrum of ATM, BARD1, BRIP1, ERCC4, PALB2, RAD51C and RAD51D in breast and ovarian cancer families from Spain. We have selected 180 index cases in whom a germline mutation in BRCA1 and BRCA2 was previously ruled out. The importance of disease-causing variants in these genes lies in the fact that they may have possible therapeutic implications according to clinical guidelines. All variants were assessed by combined annotation dependent depletion (CADD) for scoring their deleteriousness. In addition, we used the cancer genome interpreter to explore the implications of some variants in drug response. Finally, we compiled and evaluated the family history to assess whether carrying a pathogenic mutation was associated with age at diagnosis, tumour diversity of the pedigree and total number of cancer cases in the family. Eight unequivocal pathogenic mutations were found and another fourteen were prioritized as possible causal variants. Some of these molecular results could contribute to cancer diagnosis, treatment selection and prevention. We found a statistically significant association between tumour diversity in the family and carrying a variant with a high score predicting pathogenicity (p = 0.0003)