Osteochondroma: ignore or investigate?

AbstractOsteochondromas are bone protuberances surrounded by a cartilage layer. They generally affect the extremities of the long bones in an immature skeleton and deform them. They usually occur singly, but a multiple form of presentation may be found. They have a very characteristic appearance and are easily diagnosed. However, an atypical site (in the axial skeleton) and/or malignant transformation of the lesion may sometimes make it difficult to identify osteochondromas immediately by means of radiographic examination. In these cases, imaging examinations that are more refined are necessary. Although osteochondromas do not directly affect these patients’ life expectancy, certain complications may occur, with varying degrees of severity

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF BELL PEPPER CROP IRRIGATED WITH MAGNETICALLY-TREATED WATER

This study aimed to evaluate the benefits of irrigation with magnetically-treated water and replacement depths based on ETc, in plant growth and development of bell pepper grown in a protected environment in two cultivation seasons. The experiment was carried out in a protected environment, in the Centro Técnico de Irrigação (CTI), at Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), in Maringá - PR. Two experiments were performed: summer (2017-2018) and winter-spring (2018). The experimental design adopted was randomized blocks in factorial scheme 3 x 2 (six treatments) with four replications in the summer season and 2 x 2 (four treatments) with six replications in the winter-spring season. The first factor consisted of water replacement depths (50, 75 and 100% of the evapotranspiration of culture (ETc) in the summer season, and 75 and 100% ETc in the winter-spring season. The second factor was the application of water with and without magnetic treatment. Characteristics of growth (plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, and dry matter of stem, leaf, total, and root) and development (first flower and first fruit) were evaluated. Results showed that there was no significant interaction between the factors for the summer season. There were only isolated effects of replacement depths, and the 100% ETc had the highest values for the growth variables, independent of water treatment. The application of magnetically-treated water provided higher accumulation of dry matter (stem, total, and root) when irrigated with 75% ETc for the winter-spring season

Estimates of genetic parameters and expected gains from selection of yield traits in sugarcane families

ABSTRACT It is essential to have basic information on the genetic nature of variation of various metric traits in plantation crops for the proper planning of breeding strategies. The objective of this paper was to estimate the variability for five yield traits in sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) families. Eighteen controlled pollination families were evaluated in a randomized complete block trial having 16 plants per linear plot at Jaú Development and Research Station (DDD/APTA/SAA), in Jau city, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. In the second year, families were assessed and harvested six months after the first ratoon, and evaluated for the following characters: stalk height, stalk diameter, average Brix, stalk number and stalk weight. The results showed highly significant (p<0.01) genetic differences among families for most traits. The genotypic variance component accounted for 4.27, 3.55, 15.87, 3.32 and 51.68% of the phenotypic variance for stalk height, stalk number, stalk diameter, stalk weight and average Brix, respectively. Heritabilities at individual plant level for the above traits were 56.57, 76.59, 67.40, 72.73 and 54.11%, respectively. Negative significant genotypic and phenotypic correlations were found between Brix and stalk height (r g = -0.78**, r p = -0.56**) and stalk diameter (r g = -0.81**, r p = -0.75**). Selecting the best two families out of 18 families would result in a genetic gain of 4.92% and 10.82% for stalk height and stalk diameter, respectively. The best two selected individual seedlings within each family would result in a genetic gain of 18.61% and 16.94% with a total gain of 23.57 % and 27.76 % for these two traits, respectively

Plasma platelet-rich autogenous healing tendon of the gastrocnemius muscle in rabbits

As lesões tendíneas podem envolver a secção parcial ou total do tendão calcâneo comum e ocasionar alterações posturais do membro locomotor. O presente trabalho avaliou o efeito da aplicação tópica de concentrado de plaquetas autólogas na reparação do tendão do musculo gastrocnêmio de coelhos, decorridos 45 e 90 dias de período pós-operatório (PO). Doze coelhos adultos foram separados em dois grupos (n = 6) e submetidos a punção cardíaca e colheita de 10 mL de sangue para obtenção do plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP). Nos animais de ambos os grupos, foi realizada a tenotomia transversal total no terço médio do ventre lateral do tendão do musculo gastrocnemio e a sua aproximação com a sutura de Kessler modificada e fio de nailon. Nos animais do grupo tratado, foi aplicado sobre a síntese dos tendões em media 490.644 mil plaquetas/μL do PRP e notou-se maior quantidade de fibras colágenas em relação ao controle, sendo que aos 90 dias de PO a intensidade de colágeno observado foi maior que nos animais com 45 dias, com maior quantidade de fibroblastos nos controles em relação aos tratados. A administração de concentrado de plasma de plaquetas autógenas no reparo do tendão gastrocnemio de coelhos estimula e organiza o processo de reparação e ocasiona produção precoce de fibras colágenas.Tendon lesions may involve the partial or total section of the common calcaneal tendon and cause postural changes of the member. This study evaluated, after 45 and 90 postoperative days (PO), the repair of the tendon of gastrocnemius muscle of rabbits with topical application of autologous platelet concentrate. Twelve adult rabbits were divided into two groups (n = 6) undergoing cardiac puncture and collection of 10 ml of blood to obtain platelet rich-plasma (PRP). Animals of both groups had a transverse tenotomy in the middle third of the lateral belly of the gastrocnemius tendon and muscle that was approximated with modified Kessler suture and nylon thread. In the animals of the treated group it was applied the average of 490.644 platelets / uL of PRP, per animal over the tendon synthesis. The treated group showed a higher amount of collagen fibers than the control one, and at 90 PO days the intensity of collagen was higher than at 45 days with more fibroblasts in the control than in treated one. The administration of plasma autogenous platelet concentrate in the repair of the gastrocnemius tendon of rabbits stimulates and organizes the repair process and causes early production of collagen fibers

Antagonistic activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Minas artisanal cheeses against Brucella abortus

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar métodos de estudo in vitro da atividade antimicrobiana de bactérias lácticas contra Brucella abortus e avaliar o efeito antagônico das mesmas sobre a viabilidade deste patógeno. Um total de 18 amostras de bactérias lácteas (Lactobacillus plantarum, n = 11; Pediococcus acidilactici, n = 1; Lactobacillus rhamnosus, n = 4; e Lactobacillus brevis, n = 2), isoladas de exemplares de Queijo Minas Artesanal produzidos em três regiões (Canastra, Campos das Vertentes e Araxá) do estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, foram testados quanto à sua atividade antimicrobiana contra B. abortus usando três métodos: spot-on-lawn, ensaio de difusão em poço e atividade antagonista de sobrenadante de cultura. Nenhuma das cepas testadas foi capaz de inibir B. abortus nos ensaios spot-on-lawm e de difusão em poço. Os sobrenadantes produzidos pelas bactérias lácteas apresentaram pH ácido, com intensidade dependente do crescimento bacteriano e da amostra, podendo inibir o crescimento de B. abortus. Em contraste, os sobrenadantes com pH neutralizado (pH 7,0) não inibiram o crescimento de B. abortus. Os resultados mostraram que a melhor técnica para estudar o antagonismo in vitro de bactérias lácteas contra B. abortus foi a atividade antagonista de sobrenadante de cultura. O crescimento de B. abortus pode ter sido inibido pela produção de ácido.This study aimed to evaluate methods for studying the in vitro antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) against Brucella abortus and to evaluate the antagonistic effect of LAB on the viability of this pathogen. A total of 18 LAB strains (Lactobacillus plantarum, n = 11; Pediococcus acidilactici, n = 1; Lactobacillus rhamnosus, n = 4; and Lactobacillus brevis, n = 2), isolated from Minas artisanal cheeses produced in three regions (Canastra, Campos das Vertentes, and Araxá) of Minas Gerais State, Brazil, were tested for their antimicrobial activity against B. abortus using three methods: spot-on-lawn, agar well diffusion assay, and antagonistic activity of the culture supernatants. None of the tested LAB strains could inhibit B. abortus in the spot-on-lawn and agar-well diffusion assays. The supernatants produced by LAB had an acidic pH, with intensity depending on bacterial growth and strain, and could inhibit the growth of B. abortus. In contrast, pH-neutralized (pH 7.0) LAB supernatants did not suppress the growth of B. abortus. The results showed that the best technique to study the in vitro antagonism of LAB against B. abortus was the antagonistic activity of culture supernatants. The growth of B. abortus may have been inhibited by acid production

Recommendations for the management and treatment of ankylosing spondylitis

Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de MedicinaSociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia Comissão de EspondiloartritesPontifícia Universidade Católica de Porto Alegre Hospital São LucasUSP FM Instituto de Ortopedia e TraumatologiaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Hospital Geral de GoiâniaUniversidade Federal do ParanáPontifícia Universidade Católica de CampinasUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroUniversidade Estadual do Rio de JaneiroUniversidade Federal de UberlândiaAssociação Médica BrasileiraUNIFESPSciEL

Recommendations for the management and treatment of psoriatic arthritis

Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroUniversidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroUniversidade Federal do ParanáPontifícia Universidade Católica de CampinasUniversidade Federal de UberlândiaUniversidade de São Paulo Faculdade de MedicinaPontifícia Universidade Católica de Porto Alegre Hospital São LucasUSP FM Instituto de Ortopedia e TraumatologiaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Hospital Geral de GoiâniaAssociação Médica BrasileiraSociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia Comissão de EspondiloartritesUNIFESP, EPMSciEL

INFLUENCE OF LOW-LEVEL LASER APPLICATION ON ROOT RESORPTION AND PULP ALTERATIONS DURING TOOTH MOVEMENT

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/223658345042The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of low-level laser (LLL) irradiation on root resorption and dental pulp during experimental tooth movement. Five groups were delineated: a control group without orthodontic force or LLL application, 2 other controls in which orthodontic force was applied for 2 and 7 days respectively, and two experimental groups with orthodontic force and LLL application for 2 and 7 days respectively. To induce experimental tooth movement in rats, orthodontic force of 40 cN was applied to the left first molars. In irradiated groups, Ga-Al-As diode laser (830 nm) was applied on 3 areas around the experimental maxillary molar: mesial, buccal and palatal. Two microscopic analyses were performed with HE staining: a quantitative for root resorption and a qualitative for pulp tissue reactions. Quantitative analysis showed that root resorptions were evident on day 7 of tooth movement. The irradiated group presented twice the amount of root resorption than the orthodontic control group, but this difference was not verified statistically (P=0.073). The qualitative pulp evaluation showed no significant alterations when orthodontic force or LLL were applied. Root resorption was verified when LLL was applied and no undesired effects on pulp tissue were observed. KEY WORDS: laser therapy, low-level; tooth movement; root resorption; dental pul

Antagonistic activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Minas artisanal cheeses against Brucella abortus

This study aimed to evaluate methods for studying the in vitro antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) against Brucella abortus and to evaluate the antagonistic effect of LAB on the viability of this pathogen. A total of 18 LAB strains (Lactobacillus plantarum, n = 11; Pediococcus acidilactici, n = 1; Lactobacillus rhamnosus, n = 4; and Lactobacillus brevis, n = 2), isolated from Minas artisanal cheeses produced in three regions (Canastra, Campos das Vertentes, and Araxá) of Minas Gerais State, Brazil, were tested for their antimicrobial activity against B. abortus using three methods: spot-on-lawn, agar well diffusion assay, and antagonistic activity of the culture supernatants. None of the tested LAB strains could inhibit B. abortus in the spot-on-lawn and agar-well diffusion assays. The supernatants produced by LAB had an acidic pH, with intensity depending on bacterial growth and strain, and could inhibit the growth of B. abortus. In contrast, pH-neutralized (pH 7.0) LAB supernatants did not suppress the growth of B. abortus. The results showed that the best technique to study the in vitro antagonism of LAB against B. abortus was the antagonistic activity of culture supernatants. The growth of B. abortus may have been inhibited by acid production

Produção de lágrima após exérese parcial da glândula lacrimal principal em cães

Background:  :  :  : The partial loss of the lacrimal gland by obstruction, injury, removal of tumor tissue or other pathological changes may lead to loss of tear flow, bringing harmful consequences to the body. The aim was to evaluate the production of tears after removal of approximately 50% of the main lacrimal gland. Materials, Methods & Results: For this, lacrimal glands from the left eyes of seven dogs, male, adult, with weight ranging from 6 to 13kg were partially removed. In each animal, an incision of approximately 3.0 cm of skin, orbicularis and cutaneous muscle of the eye between the eyeball and the zygomatic process of frontal bone of the lateral left side was performed. After incision of the conjunctiva, close to the zygomatic process, the orbital ligament was located and partially sectioned to expose the main lacrimal gland. With a stainless steel wire graph, the gland was measured and retired approximately 50% of the parenchyma. The fragment was placed in a bottle containing 10% formalin for histological evaluation. The tears production was measured with lacrimal Schirmer test at 28 ºC and 70% relative humidity 24 hours before surgery and on the 15th, 30th and 60th days after surgery. At the 60th day, samples of gland lacrimal of the same animals were colleted for histopathologic examination of number, mean diameter of the acini and their nuclei, nucleus: cytoplasm ratio and cell area in a sample of 30 acini per animal and the density of collagen fibers. In the evaluations of the tears production with the Schirmer Test, between the pre-operative (PE), 15, 30 and 60 days post-operatively (PO) were noticed significant differences (p=0.0033) at times between PE and 15 days of PO and between 15 and 60 days of PO. By comparing histological evaluation of lacrimal gland samples in the PE and after 60 days, there were significant differences in the lacrimal gland of nuclear area (p > 0), nuclear cytoplasm proportion (p=0.0006) and cell area (p=0.0083). The collagen fibers formation did not differ significantly between PE and 60 days after partial removal of the gland (p=0.7104). All the ethical principles of ethical use of animals in experiments recommended by the Brazilian College of Animal Experimentation and Ethics Committee of the use of animals at the Federal University of Uberlandia. Discussion: The partial removal allowed the lacrimal gland remaining to offset the production of aqueous tear film: the values found in tear production were above normal throughout the trial period. Induction of cells secreting tears to hyperactivity occurred to offset the demand of production after removing part of the gland. Thus, it was stimulated increase nuclear - giant and multiple nuclei in constant transcription-protein synthesis – and small cytoplasm with little storage tear. This fact explains the increase in cell at 60 days, the decrease in tear production after 24 hours and its return to normal parameters at 60 days postoperatively. In this experiment, the density of collagen fibers found throughout the parenchyma tear between the PE and after 60 days postoperatively was not significant, possibly due to the deposition of fibers are directed to the incision site and the inflammatory reaction, along with the deposition collagen fibers was terminated with 60 days postoperatively. Therefore, the partial removal of the main tear gland in dogs does not interfere significantly in the fall of tear production on day 60 of evaluation in which the tears production came back within the normal patterns