Temporal Genetic Structure Of Major Dengue Vector Aedes Aegypti From Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

In recent years, high levels of Aedes aegypti infestation and several dengue outbreaks with fatal outcome cases have been reported in Manaus, State of Amazonas, Brazil. This situation made it important to understand the genetic structure and gene flow patterns among the populations of this vector in Manaus, vital pieces of information for their management and development of new control strategies. In this study, we used nine microsatellite loci to examine the effect of seasonality on the genetic structure and gene flow patterns in Ae. aegypti populations from four urban neighborhoods of Manaus, collected during the two main rainy and dry seasons. All loci were polymorphic in the eight samples from the two seasons, with a total of 41 alleles. The genetic structure analyses of the samples from the rainy season revealed genetic homogeneity and extensive gene flow, a result consistent with the abundance of breeding sites for this vector. However, the samples from the dry season were significantly structured, due to a reduction of Ne in two (Praça 14 de Janeiro and Cidade Nova) of the four samples analyzed, and this was the primary factor influencing structure during the dry season. Genetic bottleneck analyses suggested that the Ae. aegypti populations from Manaus are being maintained continuously throughout the year, with seasonal reduction rather than severe bottleneck or extinction, corroborating previous reports. These findings are of extremely great importance for designing new dengue control strategies in Manaus. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.13418088Apostol, B.L., Black, I.V., Reiter, W.C., Miller, P.B.R., Use of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA amplified by polymerase chain reaction markers to estimate the number of Aedes aegypti families at oviposition sites in San Juan, Puerto Rico (1994) Am. J. Trop. Med. 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Potato Cultivar Identification Using Molecular Markers [identificação De Cultivares De Batata Por Marcadores Moleculares]

The objective of this work was to evaluate a set of microsatellite markers for varietal identification and characterization of the most widespread potato cultivars in Brazil. The DNA from 14 potato cultivars was genotyped using microsatellite markers and the alleles were scored in silver-stained polyacrylamide gel. Twenty-four microsatellite markers were evaluated, and only one locus was monomorphic. Based on band patterns, a set of two microsatellites that were able to identify and differentiate all examined cultivars was obtained.451110113Collares, E.A.S., Choer, E., Pereira, A.S., Characterization of potato genotypes using molecular markers (2004) Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 39, pp. 871-878Creste, S., Tulmann, A., Figueira, A., Detection of Single Sequence Repeat Polymorphism in denaturating polyacrylamide sequencing gels by silver staining (2001) Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 19, pp. 299-306Demecke, T., Kawchuk, L.M., Linch, D.R., Identification of potato cultivars and clonal variants by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA analysis (1993) American Potato Journal, 70, pp. 561-570Douches, D.S., Ludlan, K., Eletrophoretic characterization of North American potato cultivars (1991) American Potato Journal, 68, pp. 767-780Feingold, S., Lloyd, J., Norero, N., Bonierbale, M., Lorenzen, J., Mapping and characterization of new EST-derived microsatellites for potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) (2005) Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 111, pp. 456-466Ghislain, M., Spooner, D.M., Rodríguez, F., Villamón, F., Núnez, J., Vásquez, C., Waugh, R., Bonierbale, M., Selection of highly informative and user-friendly microsatellites (SSRs) for genotyping of cultivated potato (2004) Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 108, pp. 881-890Isenegger, D.A., Taylor, P.W.J., Ford, R., Franz, P., Mcgregor, G.R., Hutchinson, J.F., DNA fingerprinting and genetic relationships of potato cultivars (Solanum tuberosum L.) commercially grown in Australia (2001) Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 52, pp. 911-918Kim, J.H., Juong, H., Kim, H.Y., Lim, Y.P., Estimation of genetic variation and relationship in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars using AFLP markers (1998) American Journal of Potato Research, 75, pp. 107-112Mathias, M.R., Sagrado, B.D., Kalazich, J.B., Use of SSR markers to identify potato germplasm in INIA Chile breeding program (2007) Agricultura Técnica, 67, pp. 3-15McGregor, C.E., Lambert, C.A., Greyling, M.M., Louw, J.H., Warnich, L., A comparative assessment of DNA fingerprinting techniques (RAPD, ISSR AFLP and SSR) in tetraploid potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) germplasm (2000) Euphytica, 113, pp. 135-144Moisan-Thiery, M., Marhadour, S., Kerlan, M.C., Dessenne, N., Perramant, M., Gokelalre, T., Le Hingrat, Y., Potato cultivar identification using simple sequence repeats markers (SSR) (2005) Potato Research, 48, pp. 191-200Norero, N., Malleville, J., Huarte, M., Feingold, S., Cost efficient potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivar identification by microsatellite amplification (2002) Potato Research, 45, pp. 131-138Reid, A., Kerr, E.M., A rapid simple sequence repeat (SSR)-based identification method for potato cultivars (2007) Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization, 5, pp. 7-13Tessier, C., David, J., This, P., Boursiquot, J.M., Charrier, A., Optimization of the choice of molecular markers for varietal identification in Vitis vinifera L (1999) Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 98, pp. 171-177Wulff, E.G., Torres, S., Gonzales, E.V., Protocol for DNA extraction from potato tubers (2002) Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 20, pp. 187a-1187

Development And Characterization Of 14 Microsatellite Loci From An Enriched Genomic Library Of Eucalyptus Camaldulensis Dehnh

Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh is an Australian tree species which occurs in various climatic and environmental conditions and show large genetic diversity. Twenty five microsatellite markers were developed from a CT 8-GT 8 enriched genomic library of E. camaldulensis. The number of alleles ranged from 4 to 13 (average of 8). The polymorphism information content (PIC) and the discriminating power (D) of each primer ranged from 0.37 to 0.88 (average of 0.72) and 0.48 to 0.99 (average of 0.84), respectively. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.28 to 0.84 and 0.25 to 0.90, respectively. Four loci showed statistically significant from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after Bonferroni correction (P, (5%) < 0.0038). All polymorphic markers were tested for cross-amplification in 25 different Eucalyptus species. Those microsatellite loci will be useful to investigate questions of genetic diversity and structure, gene flow, mating system and ex situ genetic conservation of E. camaldulensis. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009.11465469Billotte, N., Lagoda, P.J.R., Risterucci, A.M., Baurens, F.C., Microsatellite enriched libraries: Applied methodology for the development of SSR markers in tropical crops (1999) Fruits, 54, pp. 277-288Brondani, R.P.V., Brondani, C., Tarchini, R., Grattapaglia, D., Development, characterization and mapping of microsatellite markers in Eucalyptus grandis and (1998) Urophylla Theor Appl Genet, 97, pp. 816-827Butcher, P.A., Otero, A., McDonald, M.W., Moran, G.F., Nuclear RFLP variation in Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh from northern Australia (2002) Heredity, 88, pp. 402-412Butcher, P.A., McDonald, M.W., Bell, J.C., Congruence between environmental parameters, morphology and genetic structure in Australia's most widely distributed eucalypt, Eucalyptus camaldulensis (2009) Tree Genet Genomes, 5, pp. 189-210Cordeiro, G.M., Taylor, G.O., Henry, R.J., Characterization of microsatellite markers from sugarcane (Saccharum sp.), a highly polyploidy species (2000) Plant Sci, 155, pp. 161-168Creste, S., Tulmann Neto, A., Figueira, A., Detection of single sequence repeat polymorphisms in denaturing polyacrylamide sequencing gels by silver staining (2001) Plant Mol Biol Rep, 19, pp. 299-306Dexter, B.D., Rose, H.J., Davies, N., River regulation and associate forest management problems in the River Murray red gum forests (1986) Aust For, 49, pp. 16-27Don, R.H., Cox, P.T., Wainwright, B.J., Baker, K., Mattick, J.S., "Touchdown" PCR to circumvent spurious priming during gene amplification (1991) Nucleic Acids Res, 19, p. 4008Doyle, J.J., Doyle, J.L., Isolation of plant DNA from fresh tissue (1990) Focus, 12, pp. 13-15Eldridge, K., Davidson, J., Harwood, C., Wyk, G., (1993) Eucalypt Domestication and Breeding, pp. 60-71. , Clarendon, OxfordGoudet, J., FSTAT (Version 2.9.3.2.): A computer program to calculate F-statistics (1995) J Hered, 86, pp. 485-486Kalinowski, S.T., Taper, M.L., Marshall, T.C., Revising how computer program Cervus accommodates genotyping error increase success in paternity assignment (2007) Mol Ecol, 16, pp. 1099-1106Lewis, P., Zaykin, D., Genetic data analysis (GDA): Computer program for the analysis of allelic data (software) (2002) Version 1.1, , http://alleyn.eeb.uconn.edu/gda/Nieto, V.M., Rodriguez, J., Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh (2003) Tropical Tree Seed Manual. Part II-species Descriptions, pp. 466-467. , In: Vozzo JA (ed), United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, WashingtonPryor, L.D., (1976) Biology of Eucalyptus, , Esward Arnold, LondonTemnykh, S., Declerck, G., Lukashova, A., Lipovich, L., Catinhour, S., McCouch, S., Computational and experimental analysis of microsatellites in rice (Oryza sativa L.): Frequency, length variation, transposon associations, and genetic marker potential (2001) Genome, 11, pp. 1441-1452Tessier, C., David, J., This, P., Boursiquot, J.M., Charrier, A., Optimization of the choice of molecular markers for varietal identification in Vitis vinifera L (1999) Theor Appl Genet, 98, pp. 171-17

Development And Characterization Of 15 Microsatellite Loci For Cariniana Estrellensis And Transferability To Cariniana Legalis, Two Endangered Tropical Tree Species

From a genomic library enriched for GA/CA repeats, 15 highly polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed for Cariniana estrellensis, a tropical forest tree. The microsatellite loci were screened in 49 mature trees found between Pardo river and Mogi-Guaçu river basins, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 140 alleles were detected with an average of 9.33 alleles per locus. The expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.37 to 0.88. These loci showed a high probability of paternity exclusion. Additionally, 12 loci were effectively transferred to Cariniana legalis. High levels of polymorphism make the present SSR markers useful for population genetic studies. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.10410011004Billotte, N., Lagoda, P.J.L., Risterucci, A.M., Baurens, F.C., Microsatellite-enriched libraries: Applied methodology for the development of SSR markers in tropical crops (1999) Fruits, 54, pp. 277-288Doyle, J.J., Doyle, J.L., Isolation of plant DNA from fresh tissue (1990) Focus, 12, pp. 13-15Ferreira-Ramos, R., Laborda, P.R., Santos, M.O., Mayor, M.S., Mestriner, M.A., Souza, A.P., Alzate-Marin, A.L., Genetic analysis of forest species Eugenia uniflora L. through of newly developed SSR markers (2007) Conserv Genet., , doi: 10.1007/s10592-007-9458-0Goudet, J., (2002) FSTAT Version 2.9.3.2, , http://www2.unil.ch/popgen/softwares/fstat.htm, Institute of Ecology, Lausanne, Switzerland Accessed 20 May 2008Kalinowski, S.T., Taper, M.L., Marshall, T.C., Revising how the computer program CERVUS accommodates genotyping error increases success in paternity assignment (2007) Mol Ecol, 16, pp. 1099-1106. , 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03089.xLeite, E.J., State-of-knowledge on Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) Kuntze (Lecythidaceae) for genetic conservation in Brazil (2007) Res J Bot, 2, pp. 138-160Rozen, S., Skaletsky, H.J., Primer3 on the www for general users and for biologist programmers (2000) Bioinformatics Methods and Protocols: Methods in Molecular Biology, pp. 365-386. , http://www.frodo.wi.mit.edu/cgi-bin/primer3/primer3_www.cgi, Krawetz S, Misener S (eds) Humana Press, Totowa Accessed 05 June 200

Inheritance Of Growth Habit Detected By Genetic Linkage Analysis Using Microsatellites In The Common Bean (phaseolus Vulgaris L.)

The genetic linkage map for the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a valuable tool for breeding programs. Breeders provide new cultivars that meet the requirements of farmers and consumers, such as seed color, seed size, maturity, and growth habit. A genetic study was conducted to examine the genetics behind certain qualitative traits. Growth habit is usually described as a recessive trait inherited by a single gene, and there is no consensus about the position of the locus. The aim of this study was to develop a new genetic linkage map using genic and genomic microsatellite markers and three morphological traits: growth habit, flower color, and pod tip shape. A mapping population consisting of 380 recombinant F10 lines was generated from IAC-UNA × CAL143. A total of 871 microsatellites were screened for polymorphisms among the parents, and a linkage map was obtained with 198 mapped microsatellites. The total map length was 1865.9 cM, and the average distance between markers was 9.4 cM. Flower color and pod tip shape were mapped and segregated at Mendelian ratios, as expected. The segregation ratio and linkage data analyses indicated that the determinacy growth habit was inherited as two independent and dominant genes, and a genetic model is proposed for this trait. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.274549560Adam-Blondom, A.M., Sévignac, M., Dron, M., A genetic map of common bean to localize specific resistance genes against anthracnose (1994) Genome, 37, pp. 915-924Al-Mukhtar, F.A., Coyne, D.P., Inheritance and association of flower, ovule, seed, pod and maturity characters in dry edible beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) 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Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 December 2009–31 January 2010

This article documents the addition of 220 microsatellite marker loci to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Allanblackia floribunda, Amblyraja radiata, Bactrocera cucurbitae, Brachycaudus helichrysi, Calopogonium mucunoides, Dissodactylus primitivus, Elodea canadensis, Ephydatia fluviatilis, Galapaganus howdenae howdenae, Hoplostethus atlanticus, Ischnura elegans, Larimichthys polyactis, Opheodrys vernalis, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Phragmidium violaceum, Pistacia vera, and Thunnus thynnus. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Allanblackia gabonensis, Allanblackia stanerana, Neoceratitis cyanescens, Dacus ciliatus, Dacus demmerezi, Bactrocera zonata, Ceratitis capitata, Ceratitis rosa, Ceratits catoirii, Dacus punctatifrons, Ephydatia mülleri, Spongilla lacustris, Geodia cydonium, Axinella sp., Ischnura graellsii, Ischnura ramburii, Ischnura pumilio, Pistacia integerrima and Pistacia terebinthus