Do bioactive carotenoids contribute to the color of edible mushrooms?

Carotenoids are biologically active phytochemicals present as micro-components in fruits and vegetables, being responsible for their yellow, orange and red colors. The chromatographic behavior and the UV absorption spectrum provided by HPLC-DAD analysis constitute the clues for their identification. Mushrooms are of increasing importance in modern nutrition and medicine, due to the presence of metabolites with pharmacological potential. In this work, samples of wild and commercial mushroom species (Agaricus bisporus, Amanita caesarea, Amanita rubescens, Boletus edulis, Cantharellus cibarius, Fistulina hepatica, Hydnum rufescens, Hygrophorus agathosmus, Pholiota nameko, Pleurotus ostreatus, Russula cyanoxantha, Suillus bellini, Suillus bovinus, Suillus granulatus, Suillus luteus, Tricholoma equestre and Tricholoma portentosum) were screened by HPLC-DAD for the presence of carotenoids. By applying this methodology to 22 samples, comprising either lyophilized or fresh materials, only β-carotene was found and just in C. cibarius species. The occurrence of this pigment in other three of the analyzed species previously described raises some questions about the methodology used.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Comportamento de variedades de mandioca submetidas a fertilização em comunidades dependentes de chuva no semiárido brasileiro.

O presente trabalho teve objetivo de observar o comportamento de variedades de mandioca submetidas a fertilização, nas comunidades dependentes de chuva Pereiros, Mudubim e Caiçara no semiárido brasileiro. Apesar do conhecimento sobre a tolerância da mandioca ao déficit hídrico e solos marginais, pouco se sabe sobre o potencial produtivo de diferentes variedades sob uso de adubação em áreas dependentes de chuva no semiárido. Foram conduzidos experimentos participativos com adubação e variedades de mandioca em três comunidades de áreas dependentes de chuva de Petrolina-PE. Os resultados mostram que apesar do baixo índice pluviométrico no período (entre 209 e 747mm), a calagem e fertilização com fósforo proporcionou melhoria da fertilidade do solo e maiores produtividades das variedades testadas (entre 15 e 37t.ha-1 de raízes), sendo alcançadas melhores respostas na comunidade Pereiros, onde a variedade Brasília apresentou produtividade de raízes 24,9t.ha-1, quase o dobro da média nordestina

Armadillos and leprosy: from infection to biological model

Mycobacterium leprae is the primary causative agent of Hansen’s disease or leprosy. Besides human beings, natural infection has been described in animals such as mangabey monkeys and armadillos. Leprosy is considered a global health problem and its complete pathogenesis is still unknown. As M. leprae does not grow in artificial media, armadillos have become the primary experimental model for leprosy, mimicking human disease including involvement of the peripheral nervous system. Leprosy transmission occurs through continuous and close contact of susceptible people with untreated infected people. However, unknown leprosy contact has been reported in leprosy-affected people, and contact with armadillos is a risk factor for leprosy. In the USA, leprosy is considered a zoonosis and this classification has recently been accepted in Brazil. This review presents information regarding the role of wild armadillos as a source of M. leprae for human infections, as well as the pathogenesis of leprosy

PHENOLOGY OF Anacardium occidentale (ANACARDIACEAE) AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH CLIMATIC FACTORS

Phenology of Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae) and its relationship with climatic factor. Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae) is a species of great economic importance for central-west Brazil and few studies have been published on its phenology. This study aimed to describe the reproductive phenology of an A. occidentale population in Montes Claros de Goiás, state of Goiás, Brazil. The following phenophases were recorded monthly in 20 A. occidentale individuals between June 2012 and July 2015: flower bud, anthesis, underripe fruit, and ripe fruit. Data were analyzed using the Fournier index, presence-absence method, Spearman correlation, and circular statistics. Flowering and fruiting were synchronous in the dry season and the two events ended with the onset of the rains, resulting in a negative significant correlation between flowering and rainfall (rs = −0,73) and a positive significant correlation between fruiting and temperature (rs= 0,7). All reproductive events showed a seasonal pattern

Effects of respiratory disease and age in quadriceps muscle mass: a pilot study with ultrasonography

No abstract available.publishe

Effects of respiratory disease and age in quadriceps muscle mass: a pilot study with ultrasonography

Sem resumo disponível.publishe

Synthesis of structured triacylglycerols enriched in n-3 fatty acids by immobilized microbial lipase

The search for new biocatalysts has aroused great interest due to the variety of micro-organisms and their role as enzyme producers. Native lipases from Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus javanicus were used to enrich the n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids content in the triacylglycerols of soybean oil by acidolysis with free fatty acids from sardine oil in solvent-free media. For the immobilization process, the best lipase/support ratios were 1:3 (w/w) for Aspergillus niger lipase and 1:5 (w/w) for Rhizopus javanicus lipase using Amberlite MB-1. Both lipases maintained constant activity for 6 months at 4 °C. Reaction time, sardine-free fatty acids:soybean oil mole ratio and initial water content of the lipase were investigated to determine their effects on n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids incorporation into soybean oil. Structured triacylglycerols with 11.7 and 7.2% of eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid were obtained using Aspergillus niger lipase and Rhizopus javanicus lipase, decreasing the n-6/n-3 fatty acids ratio of soybean oil (11:1 to 3.5:1 and 4.7:1, respectively). The best reaction conditions were: initial water content of lipase of 0.86% (w/w), sardine-free faty acids:soybean oil mole ratio of 3:1 and reaction time of 36 h, at 40 °C. The significant factors for the acidolysis reaction were the sardine-free fatty acids:soybean oil mole ratio and reaction time. The characterization of structured triacylglycerols was obtained using easy ambient sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry. The enzymatic reaction led to the formation of many structured triacylglycerols containing eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid or both polyunsaturated fatty acids.47410061013CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPSem informaçãoSem informaçã