Gnss and photogrammetric uav derived data for coastal monitoring: A case of study in emilia-romagna, italy

GNSS real-time techniques and UAV photogrammetry can be alternative methods for the monitoring of sand beaches. This activity is particularly important in environments such as the Emilia-Romagna coastline. In this paper, two couples of surveys (year 2019 and 2020) performed using GNSS or a low-cost UAV equipment over a common area were compared in order to analyse: point-wise height differences, profile shapes along defined sections, and volumes variations over time. Both surveys were aligned to the same reference benchmark through GNSS measurements. The highest discrepancies between the two surveying methods (tens of cm) were found in vegetated areas and along the shoreline, otherwise, the height differences are mainly within the 10 cm level. In terms of volumes, excluding the most critical areas, differences close to zero can be found. Obtained results show that GNSS and UAV photogrammetry provides similar results, at least for quite flat terrains and when decimetre-level accuracy is required

Apuntes sobre la alimentación en Nombre de Jesús (estrecho de Magallanes, siglo XVI)

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de los estudios zooarqueológicos realizados en el poblado de Nombre de Jesús (cabo Vírgenes, provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina) establecido como parte del proyecto español de fortificación del Estrecho Magallanes a fines del siglo XVI. Desde el comienzo, las condiciones de vida fueron extremas para los colonos debido a la escasez de provisiones, la falta de conocimiento del ambiente circundante y la ausencia de comunicación con la metrópoli. En este contexto particular nos interesa observar, a través del estudio de los restos de fauna, las respuestas diversas de los pobladores en áreas marginales de la colonización española en América. Los resultados obtenidos señalan que desde el primer momento toda fuente nutritiva fue aprovechada, y que de esta forma se inició un proceso de reemplazo del modelo de alimentación europeo preestablecido. No obstante, esta estrategia no fue suficiente para lograr la supervivencia.This study presents the results of zooarchaeological investigations undertaken at the settlement of Nombre de Jesús (Cape Virgenes, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina) established as part of a Spanish project to fortify the Magellan Straits at the end of the Sixteenth Century. From the beginning living condition for the colonists were extreme given the scarcity of provisions, the lack of knowledge of the surrounding environment and the absence of communication with the Metropolis. In this particular context we are interested in observing, via the study of faunal remains, the diverse responses by populations in marginal areas of the Spanish colonization of America. The results obtained serve to show that from a first instance all nutritional sources were exploited, initiating in this manner a process of replacement of thepre-established European model of nutrition. Nevertheless, this strategy was not enough to ensure survival.Sociedad Argentina de Antropologí

Apuntes sobre la alimentación en Nombre de Jesús (estrecho de Magallanes, siglo XVI)

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de los estudios zooarqueológicos realizados en el poblado de Nombre de Jesús (cabo Vírgenes, provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina) establecido como parte del proyecto español de fortificación del Estrecho Magallanes a fines del siglo XVI. Desde el comienzo, las condiciones de vida fueron extremas para los colonos debido a la escasez de provisiones, la falta de conocimiento del ambiente circundante y la ausencia de comunicación con la metrópoli. En este contexto particular nos interesa observar, a través del estudio de los restos de fauna, las respuestas diversas de los pobladores en áreas marginales de la colonización española en América. Los resultados obtenidos señalan que desde el primer momento toda fuente nutritiva fue aprovechada, y que de esta forma se inició un proceso de reemplazo del modelo de alimentación europeo preestablecido. No obstante, esta estrategia no fue suficiente para lograr la supervivencia.This study presents the results of zooarchaeological investigations undertaken at the settlement of Nombre de Jesús (Cape Virgenes, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina) established as part of a Spanish project to fortify the Magellan Straits at the end of the Sixteenth Century. From the beginning living condition for the colonists were extreme given the scarcity of provisions, the lack of knowledge of the surrounding environment and the absence of communication with the Metropolis. In this particular context we are interested in observing, via the study of faunal remains, the diverse responses by populations in marginal areas of the Spanish colonization of America. The results obtained serve to show that from a first instance all nutritional sources were exploited, initiating in this manner a process of replacement of thepre-established European model of nutrition. Nevertheless, this strategy was not enough to ensure survival.Sociedad Argentina de Antropologí

Apuntes sobre la alimentación en Nombre de Jesús (estrecho de Magallanes, siglo XVI)

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de los estudios zooarqueológicos realizados en el poblado de Nombre de Jesús (cabo Vírgenes, provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina) establecido como parte del proyecto español de fortificación del Estrecho Magallanes a fines del siglo XVI. Desde el comienzo, las condiciones de vida fueron extremas para los colonos debido a la escasez de provisiones, la falta de conocimiento del ambiente circundante y la ausencia de comunicación con la metrópoli. En este contexto particular nos interesa observar, a través del estudio de los restos de fauna, las respuestas diversas de los pobladores en áreas marginales de la colonización española en América. Los resultados obtenidos señalan que desde el primer momento toda fuente nutritiva fue aprovechada, y que de esta forma se inició un proceso de reemplazo del modelo de alimentación europeo preestablecido. No obstante, esta estrategia no fue suficiente para lograr la supervivencia.This study presents the results of zooarchaeological investigations undertaken at the settlement of Nombre de Jesús (Cape Virgenes, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina) established as part of a Spanish project to fortify the Magellan Straits at the end of the Sixteenth Century. From the beginning living condition for the colonists were extreme given the scarcity of provisions, the lack of knowledge of the surrounding environment and the absence of communication with the Metropolis. In this particular context we are interested in observing, via the study of faunal remains, the diverse responses by populations in marginal areas of the Spanish colonization of America. The results obtained serve to show that from a first instance all nutritional sources were exploited, initiating in this manner a process of replacement of thepre-established European model of nutrition. Nevertheless, this strategy was not enough to ensure survival.Sociedad Argentina de Antropologí

A Systematic Literature Review of the Humanistic Burden of COPD

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, causing substantial economic and social burden. Objective: This review assessed the patient-reported humanistic burden associated with moderate to very severe COPD, specifically the impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), symptoms, limitations in daily life, and emotional implications, through the use of HRQoL instruments. Methods: A systematic review was conducted to retrieve relevant clinical data from published literature using a representative sample of countries where healthcare systems provide wide availability of COPD medications and/or universal coverage includes respiratory medicines (Australia, Canada, China, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the UK, and the USA). The primary inclusion criteria were patients with moderate to very severe COPD. HRQoL was quantified with non-disease-specific and disease-specific questionnaires. Results: In total, 82 studies from 95 publications presented HRQoL data from patients with moderate to very severe COPD. Patient-reported HRQoL declined with worsening airflow limitation, advancing GOLD group, and increasing exacerbation frequency. Both increasing frequency of hospitalization for COPD exacerbations and recurrent hospitalization adversely impacted HRQoL. Comorbidity incidence was higher in patients with increased airflow limitation. It was associated with a further decline in HRQoL and increased depression and anxiety, particularly as disease-associated pain worsened. Physical activity improved HRQoL over time. Conclusion: This review highlighted the impact of exacerbations and associated hospitalizations on the humanistic burden of COPD. These findings underline the importance of managing COPD actively, including prompt and appropriate use of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies that can improve symptoms and reduce the risk of exacerbations, thereby lessening the humanistic burden. Future reviews could consider a broader range of countries and publications to further assess the humanistic impact of COPD in low- and middle-income economies

YY1 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis and metastasis-free survival in patients suffering osteosarcoma

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The polycomb transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) overexpression can be causally implicated in experimental tumor growth and metastasization. To date, there is no clinical evidence of YY1 involvement in outcome of patients with osteosarcoma. Prognosis of osteosarcoma is still severe and only few patients survive beyond five years. We performed a prospective immunohistochemistry analysis to correlate YY1 immunostaining with metastatic development and survival in a selected homogeneous group of patients with osteosarcoma.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We studied 41 patients suffering from osteosarcoma (stage II-IVa). Multivariate analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazard regression to evaluate the correlation between YY1 expression and both metastasis development and mortality.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>YY1 protein is not usually present in normal bone; in contrast, a high number of patients (61%) showed a high score of YY1 positive cells (51-100%) and 39% had a low score (10-50% positive cells). No statistical difference was found in histology, anatomic sites, or response to chemotherapy between the two degrees of YY1 expression. Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the highest score of YY1 expression was predictive of both low metastasis-free survival (HR = 4.690, 95%CI = 1.079-20.396; p = 0.039) and poor overall survival (HR = 8.353, 95%CI = 1.863-37.451 p = 0.006) regardless of the effects of covariates such as age, gender, histology and chemonecrosis.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Overexpression of YY1 in primary site of osteosarcoma is associated with the occurrence of metastasis and poor clinical outcome.</p

Frequency and severity of exacerbations of COPD associated with future Risk of exacerbations and mortality: A UK routine health care data study

Background: Studies have shown that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation events are related to future events; however, previous literature typically reports frequent vs infrequent exacerbations per patient-year and no studies have investigated increasing number of severe exacerbations in relation to COPD outcomes. Objective: To investigate the association between baseline frequency and severity of exacerbations and subsequent mortality and exacerbation risk in a COPD cohort. Methods: Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Aurum and Hospital Episode Statistics data were used to identify patients registered at general practices in the UK, who had a diagnosis of COPD, were over the age of 40 years, were smokers or ex-smokers and had data recorded from 2004 onwards. Frequency and severity of exacerbations in the baseline year were identified as moderate exacerbations (general practice events) and severe exacerbations (hospitalised events). Patients were categorised as having: none, 1 moderate only, 2 moderate only, 3+ moderate only, 1 severe (and any moderate), 2 severe (and any moderate), and 3+ severe (and any moderate exacerbations). Poisson regression was used to investigate the association between baseline exacerbation frequency/severity and exacerbation events and mortality over follow-up. Results: Overall, 340,515 COPD patients were included. Patients had higher rates of future exacerbations with increasing frequency and severity of baseline exacerbations compared to no baseline exacerbations. Adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRR) for patients with 1, 2, and 3+ moderate exacerbations compared to 0 exacerbations were 1.70 (95% CI 1.66– 1.74), 2.31 (95% CI 2.24– 2.37), and 3.52 (95% CI 3.43– 3.62), respectively. Patients with increased frequency of baseline exacerbations were more likely to die from all-cause, COPD-related, and cardiovascular-related mortality in a graduated fashion. Conclusion: Increasing number and severity of exacerbations were associated with increasing risk of subsequent exacerbations, all-cause mortality and COPD-related mortality. Even a single moderate event increases the risk of future events, illustrating that every exacerbation counts

Nuevos fechados radiocarbónicos de la localidad de Cerro de los Indios 1 (Santa Cruz) y su proyección areal

En trabajos previos se planteó que las diferentes ocupaciones de Cerro de los Indios 1 (CI1; Lago Posadas, Santa Cruz) se dieron en cinco episodios diferentes que podrían agruparse en dos bloques temporales, uno inicial (3860-3150 años 14C AP) y otro más reciente (1810- 990 años 14C AP), separados ambos por un hiato ocupacional que podría ser interpretado como un período de abandono en el uso de la localidad. En este trabajo deseamos afirmar las bases cronológicas de este modelo para poder explorar el significado local de las ocupaciones arqueológicas y contribuir a la discusión sobre la ocupación del espacio regional en el Holoceno Medio y Tardío. En función de este objetivo general, hemos elaborado una metodología que consideramos puede ser de utilidad para la discusión de sitios con características similares. Entre ellas se destacan: presentar una estratigrafía compleja; contener variadas superficies de acumulación y de cavado; y en algunos casos, presentar fechados que no se ordenan de acuerdo con su posición estratigráfica.Universidad de Buenos AiresFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Dietary betaine supplementation increases Fgf21 levels to improve glucose homeostasis and reduce hepatic lipid accumulation in mice

Identifying markers of human insulin resistance may permit development of new approaches for treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes. To this end, we analyzed the fasting plasma metabolome in metabolically characterized human volunteers across a spectrum of insulin resistance. We demonstrate that plasma betaine levels are reduced in insulin-resistant humans and correlate closely with insulin sensitivity. Moreover, betaine administration to mice with diet-induced obesity prevents the development of impaired glucose homeostasis, reduces hepatic lipid accumulation, increases white adipose oxidative capacity, and enhances whole-body energy expenditure. In parallel with these beneficial metabolic effects, betaine supplementation robustly increased hepatic and circulating fibroblast growth factor (Fgf)21 levels. Betaine administration failed to improve glucose homeostasis and liver fat content in Fgf21(-/-) mice, demonstrating that Fgf21 is necessary for betaine's beneficial effects. Together, these data indicate that dietary betaine increases Fgf21 levels to improve metabolic health in mice and suggest that betaine supplementation merits further investigation as a supplement for treatment or prevention of type 2 diabetes in humans