La presencia de la expresión corporal en centros educativos de Vitoria-Gasteiz

Con este Trabajo de Fin de Grado (TFG), se pretende analizar el modo en el que la Expresión Corporal (EC) se manifiesta en la asignatura de Educación Física (EF), en algunos de los centros educativos de Vitoria-Gasteiz; para ello, se aplican entrevistas (ANEXO 1) a los docentes responsables de esta materia. El documento plasma aquella información más relevante respecto a la realidad en la que se reflejan los contenidos de EC. Se hace hincapié el modo en el que los docentes deciden poner en práctica dicho tema, desde la concreción de los objetivos hasta el sistema de evaluación, incluyendo la opinión personal y profesional que han ido adquiriendo sobre la EC.Grado en Educación Primari

Neurodevelopmental disorders: 2021 update

One of the current challenges in the field of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) is still to determine their underlying aetiology and risk factors. NDDs comprise a diverse group of disorders primarily related to neuro-developmental dysfunction including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), developmental delay, intellectual dis-ability (ID), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) that may present with a certain degree of cognitive dysfunction and high prevalence of neuropsychiatric outcomes. Last year, advances in human ge-nomics have begun to shed light on the genetic architecture of these disorders and large-scale sequencing studies are starting to reveal mechanisms that range from unique genomic DNA methylation patterns (i.e. “episignatures”) to highly polygenic conditions. In addition, the contribution of de novo somatic mutations to neurodevelopmental diseases is being recognized. However, progressing from genetic findings to underlying neuropathological mechanisms has proved challenging, due to the increased resolution of the molecular and genetic assays. Advancement in modelling tools is likely to improve our understanding of the origin of neuro-developmental disorders and provide insight into their developmental mechanisms. Also, combined in vivo editing of multiple genes and single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) are bringing us into a new era of un-derstanding the molecular neuropathology of NDDs

Revisión teórica sobre la escritura creativa como metodología didáctica en las aulas de secundaria en la asignatura de lengua y literatura

Estado de la cuestión sobre la escritura creativa en las aulas de secundaria en lengua y literatura. A raíz del mismo, muestra de la necesidad de esta metodología innovadora. Se habla de teóricos que se han referido a la metodología, de los objetivos que la misma puede cumplir en las aulas, de su carácter innovador y de algunos ejemplos de su puesta en práctica en aulas de todo el mundo, que demuestran su transversalidad y que superan las espectativas iniciales de este trabajo.2019-2

La cuestión de la complejidad socioeconómica en las comunidades de cazadores-recolectores mesolíticas de la cuenca Alta y Media del Ebro

In recent decades several hunter-gatherer groups have been defined, from ethnography and archaeology, as complex socioeconomic communities. This article reviews the main definitions of complexity and its principal feature contrasting them with the archaeological record of the Mesolithic in the Ebro valley. The main goal of this paper is to find out if these hunter-gatherer communities show indications of a certain socioeconomic complexity.En las últimas décadas se han definido en el ámbito etnográfico y arqueológico diferentes comunidades de cazadores-recolectores que presentan una organización socioeconómica compleja. En el presente trabajo se hace un repaso a las principales definiciones de esta complejidad y a sus rasgos fundamentales aplicándolos al registro actual del Mesolítico en la Alta y Media Cuenca del Ebro. El objetivo principal es determinar si estas comunidades de cazadores-recolectores presentan rasgos definitorios de una cierta complejidad socioeconómica

The Neolithisation of the Northern Meseta and High and Middle Ebro Bassin (Spain): Theoretical issues, analysis of the archaeological record and previous hypothesis

El principal objetivo de este trabajo es el planteamiento de una hipótesis sobre la neolitización de la alta y media cuenca del Ebro y de la Submeseta norte. Para ello, se han precisado una serie de premisas teóricas sobre este proceso histórico, se ha realizado una clasificación particular de los yacimientos implicados sobre la base de estos presupuestos teóricos y la comparación de sus registros –estratigrafía, cronología, materiales, etc.– y finalmente se ha propuesto una definición (pre)histórica de las comunidades que los formaron. A partir de estos datos se explica la neolitización de este territorio en un marco cronológico concreto –entre el 5700-5600 y el 5400-5300 cal AC– en el que se asumen, como puntos principales, la existencia de comunidades neolíticas colonas ‘pioneras’, la participación fundamental en este proceso de los grupos mesolíticos locales y el papel esencial de fenómenos de colonización de pídola o infiltración en la extensión del Neolítico por esta área geográfica.The main purpose of this paper is to propose a hypothesis about the Neolithisation of the Upper and Middle Ebro Basin and Northern Meseta (Spain). To achieve this goal, several theoretical topics of this historical process are defined, a classification of the archaeological sites involved in this process is presented, based on these theoretical assumptions and the comparison between their archaeological contexts –stratigraphy, chronology, archaeological materials, etc.–, and a (pre)historical definition of those communities is proposed. Based on this data, the Neolithisation of this territory is explained within a specific chronological framework –5700-5600 and 5400-5300 cal BC– where it is assumed the existence of Neolithic pioneer communities and the important role in the spread of the Neolithic across this geographical area of both local Mesolithic groups and colonization processes –leapfrog or infiltration types–

Los complejos mesolíticos de muescas y denticulados: estado de la cuestión en la cuenca del Ebro

Se reúnen y caracterizan - sobre bases exclusivamente bibliográficas - los yacimientos mesolíticos con niveles del horizonte de muescas y denticulados, en la Cuenca del Ebro

Impaired spatial learning strategies and novel object recognition in mice haploinsufficient for the dual specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase-1A (Dyrk1A)

BACKGROUND: Pathogenic aneuploidies involve the concept of dosage-sensitive genes leading to over- and underexpression phenotypes. Monosomy 21 in human leads to mental retardation and skeletal, immune and respiratory function disturbances. Most of the human condition corresponds to partial monosomies suggesting that critical haploinsufficient genes may be responsible for the phenotypes. The DYRK1A gene is localized on the human chromosome 21q22.2 region, and has been proposed to participate in monosomy 21 phenotypes. It encodes a dual-specificity kinase involved in neuronal development and in adult brain physiology, but its possible role as critical haploinsufficient gene in cognitive function has not been explored. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We used mice heterozygous for a Dyrk1A targeted mutation (Dyrk1A+/−) to investigate the implication of this gene in the cognitive phenotypes of monosomy 21. Performance of Dyrk1A+/− mice was assayed 1/ in a navigational task using the standard hippocampally related version of the Morris water maze, 2/ in a swimming test designed to reveal potential kinesthetic and stress-related behavioral differences between control and heterozygous mice under two levels of aversiveness (25°C and 17°C) and 3/ in a long-term novel object recognition task, sensitive to hippocampal damage. Dyrk1A+/− mice showed impairment in the development of spatial learning strategies in a hippocampally-dependent memory task, they were impaired in their novel object recognition ability and were more sensitive to aversive conditions in the swimming test than euploid control animals. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The present results are clear examples where removal of a single gene has a profound effect on phenotype and indicate that haploinsufficiency of DYRK1A might contribute to an impairment of cognitive functions and stress coping behavior in human monosomy 21

Sepulcros campaniformes (no) para muertos: El Alto I y III, Las Cuevas/El Morrón y La Perica (Soria, España)

En este trabajo se trata el reciente descubrimiento de un fenómeno peculiar de gran interés en el Calcolítico campaniforme del Valle de Ambrona (Soria, España), que es la existencia de numerosos túmulos que parecen tumbas pero que no lo son. Algunos contienen incluso ofrendas materiales valiosas (finas cerámicas decoradas, orfebrería de oro) pero no huesos humanos. Esta ausencia no puede atribuirse a factores de preservación diferencial, ya que estos túmulos no se sitúan en suelos ácidos, y de hecho se encuentran fragmentos de fauna en muchos yacimientos de los alrededores. Podríamos interpretarlos, por ello, como testimonios de actividades ceremoniales, que en ocasiones incluirían rituales de comensalidad (en el interior de algunos túmulos se descubrieron recipients rotos intencionadamente). El túmulo se erigiría para señalar y conmemorar en el paisaje tales acontecimientos (¿cenotafios que evocan la muerte de alguien importante lejos de su tierra?) y lugares (localización de rasgos especiales del entorno en sus geografías mitológicas)In this article we will discuss on a peculiar and interesting feature recently discovered in the archaeological record of Copper Age Bell Beakers in the Ambrona Valley (Soria, Spain), that is the existence of barrows which look like tombs but they were not. They even include valuable items (finely decorated pottery, gold jewellery) but no sign of human bones. This absence could not be explained by selective preservation of the materials, since those barrows are not located in acid soils, and faunal remains are usually found in other sites of the same area. We could interpret this special finds as the archaeological testimonies of eventual ceremonial activities, perhaps including commensality rituals (intentionally broken pots are found inside them), being the stone mound the commemoration in the landscape of those important events (a possible cenotaph evoking the death of someone important away from his hometown?) or places (the location of special features of the environment in their mythic geographies

Smartfeeding: A Dynamic Strategy to Increase Nutritional Efficiency in Critically Ill Patients-Positioning Document of the Metabolism and Nutrition Working Group and the Early Mobilization Working Group of the Catalan Society of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine (SOCMiC)

Critical illness; Intensive care units; Nutritional therapyMalaltia crítica; Unitats de cures intensives; Teràpia nutricionalEnfermedad crítica; Unidades de cuidados intensivos; Terapia nutricionalAdequate medical nutrition therapy for critically ill patients has an impact on their prognoses. However, it requires an individualized approach that takes into account the activity (phases of metabolic stress) and particularity of these patients. We propose a comprehensive strategy considering the patients’ nutritional status and the set of modifiable circumstances in these patients, in order to optimize/support nutritional efficiency: (1) A detailed anamnesis and an adequate initial nutritional assessment must be performed in order to implement medical nutrition therapy that is in line with the needs and characteristics of each patient. Furthermore, risks associated with refeeding syndrome, nutritrauma or gastrointestinal dysfunction must be considered and prevented. (2) A safe transition between nutrition therapy routes and between health care units will greatly contribute to recovery. The main objective is to preserve lean mass in critically ill patients, considering metabolic factors, adequate protein intake and muscle stimulation. (3) Continuous monitoring is required for the successful implementation of any health strategy. We lack precise tools for calculating nutritional efficiency in critically ill patients, therefore thorough monitoring of the process is essential. (4) The medical nutrition approach in critically ill patients is multidisciplinary and requires the participation of the entire team involved. A comprehensive strategy such as this can make a significant difference in the functional recovery of critically ill patients, but leaders must be identified to promote training, evaluation, analysis and feedback as essential components of its implementation, and to coordinate this process with the recognition of hospital management