A HISTÓRIA ECONÔMICA EM DEBATE NO REGIONAL E LOCAL

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo fazer uma análise da economia regional e local, as suas representações no cotidiano das pessoas e as possíveis mudanças ou permanências no estilo de vida da população.  Conforme a proposta apresentada o trabalho terá como princípio o estudo do crescimento da população, a distribuição dos recursos e as tecnologias disponíveis aos grupos humanos que vão refletir nos moldes econômicos regionais. A partir deste ponto será possível entender as raízes da economia e o desenvolvimento econômico regional porque em uma sociedade capitalista a economia é o ponto central para  entendermos a trajetória e a atualidade da economia local. Utilizaremos fontes cartoriais e a oralidade para resgatarmos a história econômica local, e no decorrer do trabalho citaremos BORGES, 1990; CARDOSO e BRIGNOLI, 1992; CARDOSO e VAINFAS, 1997; HALBWACHS, 1990; PESSOA, 1999 e THOMPSON, 1992 como embasamento e aporte teórico

Genetic fingerprinting of the Brazilian medicinal plant Chrysobalanus icaco L. (Chrysobalanaceae) / Impressão digital genética da espécie medicinal brasileira Chrysobalanus icaco L. (Chrysobalanaceae)

Chrysobalanus icaco L. (Chrysobalanaceae) is a medicinal species widely used in Brazil mainly to treat diabetes. Despite the medicinal importance of C. icaco, genetic information of this genus remains limited.  Thus, our aim was to evaluate the influence of the genetic basis of C. icaco by determining its chemotypes. 25 C. icaco genotypes were collected from 15 sites in Belém, Marajó and Northeastern mesoregions of Pará state, Brazil. The genotypes were selected by evaluating the plant morphological characteristics such as fruit color and plant habit. The DNA fingerprinting profile was performed using PCR based RAPD technique and appropriate statistical methods were used. RAPD markers were used for evaluation of genetic diversity and molecular characterization of the C. icaco, using a total of 18 decamer primers. These primers produced 85 amplification products, with an average of 4.7 bands per primer and 99.2% polymorphism. The genotypes are genetically distinct, forming variable clusters in number and constitution by different methods. By the morphological characteristics considered, there is a tendency of clustering based on the color of the ripe fruit. We found the secondary metabolite content depends not on environmental condition, but rather on C. icaco genome. Therefore, it may have implications for ethnopharmacological use of the chemotypes

Inovando o Trabalho de Campo com a Articulação entre Teoria e Prática: as Disciplinas do Curso de Obstetrícia

Este estudo tem como finalidade mostrar a estratégia de ensino utilizada nas disciplinas Administração dos Serviços de Atenção à Saúde e Estágio Curricular de Administração de Serviços de Atenção à Saúde, obrigatórias no curso de graduação em Obstetrícia da Universidade de São Paulo. O objetivo geral da estratégia foi articular o conteúdo oferecido em sala de aula às práticas em gerenciamento. Em 2014, 43 alunos cursaram as disciplinas, discutiram o conteúdo programático em sala de aula, realizaram visitas a serviços da rede privada e vivenciaram práticas de gerenciamento em serviços públicos de saúde. O objetivo específico era identificar e analisar até três situações-problema que poderiam dificultar a dinâmica de gerenciamento dos serviços públicos de saúde. A partir da análise e com base nas visitas realizadas, os alunos em grupos elaboraram um projeto visando à melhoria do gerenciamento dos serviços públicos. Os projetos deveriam responder a questão: “É possível administrar os processos, os recursos e as pessoas nos serviços públicos de atenção à saúde de maneira a agregar-lhes valor?” Todos responderam afirmativamente, evidenciando descrições de como foram compreendidas as articulações dos conceitos discutidos em sala de aula com as dificuldades e possibilidades encontradas nos cenários das práticas.This study aims to show the teaching strategy used in the disciplines Administration of Health Care Services and Internship of Administration of Health Care Services, mandatory in the undergraduate course in Obstetrics of the Universidade de São Paulo. The general objective of the strategy was to articulate the content offered in the classroom to the internship practice in management. In 2014, forty-three students attended the subjects, discussed the content in the classroom, carried out visits in the private network services and experienced management practices in health public services. The specific objective of the strategy was to identify and to analyze three problem situations that could hinder the dynamic management of health public services. From the analysis and based on the visits, students in groups drew up a project aimed at improving the management of public services. Projects should answer the question: Is it possible to manage the processes, resources and workers in public health care services in order to add value to them? All answered affirmatively, showing descriptions of how the connections between the concepts discussed in class with the difficulties and possibilities found in the scenarios of the practices were understood

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Liver transplantation utilizing mixed biologic and synthetic arterial conduits

Arterial conduits are necessary in nearly 5% of all liver transplants and are usually constructed utilizing segments of donor iliac artery. However, available segments of donor iliac artery may not be lengthy enough or may not possess enough quality to enable its inclusion in the conduit. Although there are few reports of arterial conduits constructed solely utilizing prosthetic material, no previous reports of conduits composed of a segment of donor iliac artery and prosthetic material (mixed biologic and synthetic arterial conduits) were found in the medial literature to date. Two cases reporting successful outcomes after creation of mixed biologic and prosthetic arterial conduits are outlined in this report. Reason for creation of conduits was complete intimal dissection of the recipient’s hepatic artery in both cases. In both cases, available segments of donor iliac artery were not lengthy enough to bridge infrarenal aorta to porta hepatis. Both patients have patent conduits and normally functioning liver allografts, respectively, at 4 and 31 months after transplant.Mixed biologic and synthetic arterial conduits constitute a viable technical option and may offer potential advantages over fully prosthetic arterial conduits