Leaders’ behavioural change throughout a hospital’s lean implementation

This article empirically examines the relationship between leadership behaviours and the implementation level of Lean Healthcare (LH). At three points in time, with a six-month interval between each point, we surveyed and interviewed 12 leaders from a Brazilian public hospital adopting LH. Our findings indicate that leaders who actively adopt LH practices also demonstrate more task- and relations-oriented behaviours, whereas low LH adopters may drop their display of those behaviours over time. This finding parallels with Kübler-Ross’s change curve that describes how an individual’s confidence, morale and effectiveness levels may vary as a change process, such as LH implementation, unfolds

Antioxidant activity and acute toxicity of Neoglaziovia variegata (Bromeliaceae)

Antioxidant activities of Neoglaziovia variegata were evaluated by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and β-carotene-linoleic acid bleaching and was compared with ascorbic acid, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The total phenolics content of the extracts was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Total flavonoid was also determined. The most significant total phenolic content was of 543.50 ± 9.38 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g for ethyl acetate extract (AcOEt), which presented the best antioxidant activity (IC50 5.08 ± 0.20 μg/ml) for DPPH scavenging. The acute toxicity of Nv-EtOH was performed 2.0 g/kg intraperitoneally and 5.0 g/kg orally in mice. No mortality and no toxicity signs were observed, indicating low toxicity of the extract. Blood was removed after 14 days for laboratory analysis of hematological and biochemical parameters. Alterations of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and creatinine were observed. The data obtained showed that the doses induced microscopic alterations in the liver and kidney. In conclusion, the Nv-EtOH can be considered of low toxicity.Keywords: Antioxidant activity, acute toxicity, Neoglaziovia variegata, Bromeliacea

Do critical thinkers drink too much alcohol, forget to do class assignments, or cheat on exams? Using a critical thinking measure to predict college students’ real-world outcomes

Critical thinking is a higher-order way of reasoning composed of the skill and will to use cognitive abilities and knowledge on a daily basis. It is identified as essential by higher education institutions, corporations, and society in general. To analyze whether college students are critical thinkers in their daily lives, the Halpern Critical Thinking Assessment (HCTA; Halpern in Halpern Critical Thinking Assessment (Measurement instrument), Schuhfried, Mödling, 2012) and the real-world outcomes inventory (RWO; Butler in Appl Cogn Psychol 26(5):721–729, 2012) were administered to 238 students. We performed a cluster analysis (K-means-constrained clustering method), and ANOVAs for each cluster solution tested to identify the most suitable clustering solution, taking the RWO inventory dimensions as dependent variables and cluster membership as an independent variable. Four separate clusters emerged, each representing a different profile related to students’ everyday negative outcomes resulting from a lack of critical thinking. We performed multinomial logistic regression to examine which dimensions of the HCTA test, as well as gender, age, and disciplinary area, predicted the four singular groups of students that emerged: “Mature,” “Risk-taking,” “Lost in translation,” and “Reflective.” Results indicate that: (1) age is a relevant predictor of slackness, rashness, and health neglect, all characteristics of “Mature” students; (2) students who are particularly skilled in hypothesis testing tend to be “Risk-taking,” while it is less likely that students who are specifically competent in argument analysis will be in this group; (3) gender is relevant to predict “Lost in translation” students, while argument analysis is negatively related to the chances of being in this group. Our study supports the relevance of critical thinking in daily decisions and everyday outcomes.FCT -Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia(Advanced Training)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Evaluation of hypoglycemic potential and pre-clinical toxicology of Morus nigra L. (Moraceae)

The hypoglycemic potential of crude ethanolic extract of leaves (CEE-Mn) of the Morus nigra L. (Moraceae) was evaluated in normoglycemic rats. CEE-Mn (200 and 400 mg/kg) and metformin (500 mg/kg) were tested on the glucose tolerance oral test. The acute toxicity of CEE-Mn was performed 2.0 g/kg intraperitoneally and 5.0 g/kg orally in Swiss mice. Blood was removed after seven days for laboratory analysis of hematological and biochemical parameters. In the glucose tolerance oral test, only metformin was able to reduce the glucose-induced hyperglycemia. Regarding acute toxicity no mortality and no toxicity signs were observed, indicating low toxicity of the extract. In the evaluation of hematological and biochemical parameters no alteration was observed. In conclusion, the CEE-Mn can be considered of low toxicity but did not produce the expected hypoglycemic effect in the model used.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Teatro na educação de crianças e adolescentes participantes de ensaio clínico

OBJETIVO: Analisar os efeitos de uma intervenção pedagógica na aprendizagem de crianças e adolescentes participantes de pesquisa clínica. MÉTODOS: Estudo quantitativo, quasi-experimental e longitudinal, parte de um conjunto de estudos envolvidos no teste de uma vacina contra ancilostomíase. Amostra por conveniência com 133 estudantes de dez a 17 anos, de ambos os sexos, da Escola Municipal de Maranhão, MG, Brasil, 2009. Utilizou-se um questionário estruturado aplicado pré e pós-intervenção. O dispositivo pedagógico foi o Teatro do Oprimido. As variáveis dependentes foram o conhecimento específico e global sobre pesquisa clínica e sobre verminoses; a variável independente foi a participação na intervenção educativa. RESULTADOS: Houve aumento do conhecimento sobre sinais e sintomas, susceptibilidade à reinfecção e modo de contágio da verminose após a intervenção educativa. Aumentaram acertos relativos à duração da pesquisa clínica, aos procedimentos previstos, à possibilidade de desistência da participação e de ocorrência de eventos adversos. Permaneceu a noção de que o propósito primário da pesquisa é terapêutico, embora tenha reduzido o percentual de participantes que associaram a pesquisa ao tratamento médico. O Teatro do Oprimido possibilitou que as discussões acerca da helmintose e da pesquisa clínica fossem contextualizadas e materializadas. Os sujeitos puderam se despojar ou reduzir suas representações prévias. CONCLUSÕES: A participação de crianças e adolescentes em ensaios clínicos deve ser precedida de intervenção educativa, já que indivíduos dessa faixa etária nem sequer reconhecem que têm direito a decidir por si próprios

Bioactivity of neem oil on Alphitobius diaperinus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in stored peanut seeds

Amanda da Silva Lira: Atualmente é professora efetiva do Departamento de Estatística e Ciências Atuariais na Universidade Federal de Sergipe UFS (2011)Propôs-se, neste trabalho, avaliar a bioatividade do óleo de nim sobre Alphitobius diaperinus, em sementes armazenadas. Sementes de amendoim cultivar BRS Havana foram tratadas com óleo de nim nas concentrações de 0,0; 1,0; 2,0; 3,0 e 4,0% (volume/massa de sementes) e mantidas em bandejas durante 24 h. Cinquenta gramas de sementes foram colocados em recipientes plásticos e infestados com 20 insetos adultos de A. diaperinus. Avaliaram-se, aos 30, 60, 90 e 120 dias de armazenamento, a mortalidade, o número de descendentes (larvas, pupas e adultos) e o número de sementes perfuradas. Para análise de variância dos dados utilizou-se o teste de Friedman (p ≤ 0.05), sendo a comparação das médias realizada pelo teste de Student Newman Keuls (p ≤ 0.05). Calculou-se, também, a eficiência do produto pelo método de Henderson & Tilton (1955). Eficiência do óleo de nim sobre a mortalidade de A. diaperinus acima de 74,92% foi observada a partir dos 90 dias do armazenamento, para as concentrações de 3 e 4%; entretanto, o produto conferiu proteção às sementes de amendoim, em todas as concentrações, nos períodos estudados, visto que afetou todos os descendentes de A. diaperinus da geração F1. _________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT: This work aimed to evaluate the bioactivity of neem oil on Alphitobius diaperinus, in stored seed. Peanuts seeds, cultivar BRS Havana, were treated with neem oil at concentrations of 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0% (volume/weight) and kept in trays for 24 h. Fifty grams of seeds were put in plastic containers and infested with 20 adult insects of A. diaperinus. The mortality, the offspring number (larvae, pupae and adults) and the number of punched seeds were evaluated at 30, 60, 90 and 120 days of storage. For variance analysis of data, Friedman test (p £ 0.05) was used. Student Newman Keuls test (p £ 0.05) was used for comparison of means. The product efficiency was also analysed by using Henderson & Tilton (1955) method. Neem oil efficiency on the mortality of A. diaperinus above 74.92% was observed from 90 days of storing for concentrations of 3 and 4%. However, the neem oil conferred protection to peanut seeds in all concentrations and studied periods, by affecting all offspring of A. diaperinus of the F1 generation

Evaluation of Depression, Anxiety and Sleep Quality in the Brazilian Population During Social Isolation Due to the New Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic: the DEGAS-CoV Study/ Avaliação da Depressão, Ansiedade e Qualidade do Sono na População Brasileira Durante o Isolamento Social Devido à Nova Pandemia do Coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2): o Estudo DEGAS-CoV

Introduction: The new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) has caused distress and repercussions in mental and physical health of individuals. Depression, anxiety and worsening of sleep quality have been reported in several recent articles that surveyed populations all over the globe. Our work meant to access, through a cross-sectional study, these disorders in the Brazilian population, through the application of an online questionnaire conducted on the second trimester of 2020. Materials and Methods: We applied an online questionnaire, filled with questions regarding social, economic, financial, educational and health status, as well as questions from the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD), and from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).Results: We collected 2,695 valid answers, from April 24th to May 31st, 2020. Age ranged from 18 to 79 years, mean of 31.3. Women were 76.3%, men 23.7%. Symptoms of Anxiety were found in 56.5%, of depression in 46.1%, and of bad sleep in 49.2%. Some groups were more prone than others to one or more of those conditions, such as: younger people, women, mestizos, people with lesser years of education, of lower income or whose income dropped significantly during the pandemic, caregivers, students, sedentary or people practicing less physical activity, people who followed more hours of news of COVID-19 and those less engaged in social and instrumental activities.Conclusion: anxiety, depression and bad sleep quality were significantly high in our survey. Mental and sleep health is heterogeneously affected among individuals, depending on social, economic, financial, educational and health status