Chemical composition, bioactive compounds, and perspectives for the industrial formulation of health products from uvaia (Eugenia pyriformis Cambess – Myrtaceae): A comprehensive review

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade de Vigo/CISUGUvaia (Eugenia pyriformis Cambess – Myrtaceae family) is an unexplored native fruit from the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest with a high potential for agro-industrial processing. Nevertheless, scientific information on existing research of uvaia should be explored to provide the trends and perspectives for the industrial application of this fruit. This review summarized the chemical composition, bioactive compounds, and biological activity of uvaia. The novelty enclosed in this review is based on the perspectives for the industrial formulation of health products from uvaia. Uvaia fruits reveal a remarkable aroma, high content of nutritional and bioactive compounds, high antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activity. The findings elucidated in this review support the application of uvaia in the industrial development of health products, such as foods, beverages, medicines, and cosmetics, contributing to the worldwide dissemination of this unexplored fruit.The São Paulo Research Foundation | Ref. #2014/13473–7The São Paulo Research Foundation | Ref. #2014/12606–3National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) | Ref. 458123/2014–5The São Paulo Research Foundation | Ref. 2019/26925–

Effect of freezing and atomization on bioactive compounds in cagaita (Eugenya dysenterica DC) fruit

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of freezing and atomization on bioactive compounds in cagaita fruit. The levels of total phenolics, total flavonoids, condensed tannins, vitamin C, β-carotene, the antioxidant potential assessed by DPPH and ABTS, sugar profile, and mineral profile were all evaluated. High levels of total polyphenols (881.95 mg/100 g), total flavonoids (42.93 mg/100 g) and condensed tannins (67.00 mg/100 g) were detected in atomized cagaita pulp. A higher content of vitamin C was found in fresh cagaita pulp (29.75 mg/100 g), compared to frozen pulp, or atomized pulp, which had levels of 24.64 mg/100 g and 20.38 mg/100 g, respectively. Atomized pulp had the highest antioxidant activity as assessed using the ABTS method (517.04 µmol Trolox/g), compared with frozen pulp (357.73 µmol Trolox/g) and fresh cagaita pulp (276.07 µmol Trolox/g). The drying method demonstrated the best performance with respect to fruit preservation

Aromatic and nutritional profile of an Amazonian autochthonous species, Caramuri Pouteria elegans (A.DC.) Baehni

The aim of this study was to characterize Caramuri Pouteria elegans (A.DC.) Baehni, an exotic fruit of the Amazonian biome to highlight it is a new source nutritional potential. The nutritional (vitamin A, B, C, and E) and volatile composition of the fruits was determined by physical [mass, diameter (longitudinal and transverse), yield] and chemical characterization (pH, acidity, soluble solids, proximate and mineral compositions) using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS). The amount of vitamin C, potassium, and magnesium detected per 100 g of sample was 143.08 mg, 97.50 mg, and 14.75 mg, respectively. Volatile profile by HS-SPME revealed 87 peaks, however, only 26 peaks were noted due to the small peak area (<1.0). Arithmetic and Kovats retention indexes were calculated for compound(s) identification. The percentage of volatiles identification was 88.46%. The majority compound was α-Pinene with 21.77%. The study reveals that Caramuri is a great source of vitamins and minerals, especially vitamin C. © 2019, © 2019 Jaime Paiva Lopes Aguiar, Edson Pablo da Silva, Raimundo Carlos Pereira Junior, Dionisia Nagahama and Francisca das C. Do A. Souza. Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

Evaluation of extruded corn breakfast cereal enriched with whole peach palm (Bactris Gasipaes, Kunth) flour

The present study aimed to develop extruded corn breakfast cereal enriched with whole peach palm flour. A 22 central composite rotatable design was used, and the cereal was processed in a ZKS-30 co-rotational twin-screw extruder (Werner and Pfleiderer), followed by its physicochemical, technological and microbiological characterization. The technological analysis revealed higher expansion and lower hardness as well as adequate lightness and water-absorption and water-solubility indices of the breakfast cereal at low moisture and intermediate peach palm flour contents. Moreover, 3.84% moisture, 0.63% ash, 6.09% protein, 0.39% lipids, 85.94% carbohydrates, 3.11% fiber and 246 RE of total carotenoids were found in the physicochemical analysis, and the microbiological parameters were in accordance with the Brazilian legislation (Resolution RDC 12/01). These results show that extruded corn breakfast cereal partially substituted with peach palm flour is an alternative product with good characteristics and market potential. The most recommended operational conditions to obtain products with good technological characteristics were a peach palm flour concentration of 25% and feed moisture of 16.2%. © 2020, Sociedade Brasileira de Ciencia e Tecnologia de Alimentos, SBCTA. All rights reserved

Resfriamento do couro cabeludo como método de prevenção da alopecia induzida por quimioterápico / Cooling of hairy leather as a method for prevention of chemotherapic induced alopecy

Introdução: A alopecia induzida por quimioterapia é um efeito adverso comum e angustiante de muitos tipos de quimioterapia, principalmente, para as mulheres, em que esse efeito se inicia após o primeiro ciclo de tratamento. A ação das drogas antineoplásicas afeta outras células que se dividem rapidamente, incluindo os folículos pilosos, causando a alopecia em alguns regimes de tratamento. O resfriamento do couro cabeludo tem sido utilizado desde a década de 1970 para a prevenção de alopecia induzida por quimioterápico e é indicado durante o tratamento antineoplásico para tumores sólidos. Objetivo: Demonstrar se realmente a utilização da touca antiqueda dos cabelos para pacientes em quimioterapia trouxe alguma satisfação, além de revisar em literatura a maneira correta da utilização. Materiais e Métodos: Como critérios de inclusão foram utilizadas as publicações na sua integralidade, artigos com literatura em língua portuguesa e estrangeira temporalidade em aberto dado a pertinência e afinidade com o objetivo e a escassez de publicações sobre o tema. Dentre os critérios de exclusão foram descartados textos incompletos e artigos que não contemplem a temática escolhida. Resultados e Discussão: Em diversos estudos foi constatado que depois do quarto ciclo de quimioterapia observou-se que um grupo de 95 mulheres 50,5% permaneceram com o volume original dos cabelos. É observada uma taxa de sucesso nas mulheres portadoras de câncer que utilizaram o dispositivo conforme indicação médica e não precisaram aderir ao uso de peruca. Conclusão: É notável o auxílio da crioterapia para a redução da alopecia causada pelos agentes quimioterápicos utilizados em tratamento de câncer de mama. Além disso, esclarecer perspectivas reais de eficácia terapêutica permite adesão mais racional e melhoria do enfrentamento durante o tratamento

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio