Conservation of wild mushrooms through electron beam irradiation

The high perishability is a characteristic of the mushrooms consumed in fresh. Therefore, it is mandatory the application of effective conservation technologies to preserve and protect their chemical composition and nutritional value. Drying processes are widely used, but do not avoid the development of bacteria and fungi which have the ability to survive for long periods of time in dry foods, causing the loss of some nutrients and leading to food browning and oxidation of lipids and vitamins [1]. Irradiation appears as an alternative to food preservation assuring and maintaining its quality [2]. In this work, the effects of electron beam irradiation and storage time on nutritional and chemical parameters of wild samples of Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer, previously submitted to a drying process (oven at 30 ºC), were assessed. The wild mushroom samples were collected in Trás-os-Montes; electron beam irradiation (doses 0.5, 1 and 6 kGy) was carried out in the INCT- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology in Warsaw, Poland and the analyses were performed over the storage period (0, 6 and 12 months). The results were compared with a control (non-irradiated samples). The nutritional value was determined according to the official procedures of food analysis, while the profiles of fatty acids, tocopherols, mono and oligosaccharides were obtained by chromatographic techniques [1]. The irradiation showed a better capacity to maintain the nutritional and chemical profile, in comparison with the storage time. Effectively, the storage time had a significant effect in all parameters, but fatty acids undergone significant changes both with irradiation doses and storage time. Electron beam irradiation can be considered a suitable technique for conservation of mushrooms for long periods of time, attenuating the changes caused by the drying treatment.The authors are grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) and FEDER under Programme PT2020 for financial support to CIMO (UID/AGR/00690/2013), A. Fernandes (SFRH/BPD/114753/2016) and J.C.M. Barreira contract.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Antiobesity Effects of Hydroethanolic Extract of Jacaranda decurrens

Obesity is a worldwide epidemic that reduces life expectancy; therefore, the search for new alternative and effective treatments is ongoing. The aim of the present investigation was to identify the chemical compounds in the hydroethanolic extract of leaves of Jacaranda decurrens subsp. symmetrifoliolata and to evaluate their toxicity and antiobesity effects. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to identify the chemical constituents, and acute toxicity was evaluated in rats treated with doses of 2 and 5 g·kg−1 body mass. The antiobesity effect was determined in rats with hypercaloric diet-induced obesity. Our results revealed the presence of compounds, such as jacaric, ursolic, and oleic acids, as well as luteolin, quercetin, and kaempferol, in the extract. The acute toxicity tests revealed that rats treated with elevated doses of the extract showed no signs of toxicity. The extract induced reduction in total body mass and the white adipose tissue depots. The obese rats treated with the extract showed an increased fluid intake and feces excretion while their serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels decreased compared to those in the controls, without any hematological changes. Taken together, the results showed that the constituents of J. decurrens extracts included phenolic compounds and exhibited antiobesity effects with no toxicity

Antioxidant and Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Campomanesia adamantium

Campomanesia adamantium O. Berg, popularly known as guavira, has been used in Brazilian traditional medicine for reduction of serum lipid. The present study was carried out to investigate the antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic effects of Campomanesia adamantium root aqueous extract (ExCA). Phenolic compounds were quantified in the ExCA and gallic and ellagic acids were identified by HPLC. ExCA showed efficiency in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging, with IC50 similar to butylhydroxytoluene control, and protected the erythrocytes against lipid peroxidation induced by 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride, reducing generated malondialdehyde. Hyperlipidemic Wistar rats treated daily by gavage during eight weeks with ExCA (200 mg/kg of body weight) showed reduced serum level of total cholesterol and triglycerides, similar to normolipidemic rats and hyperlipidemic rats treated with simvastatin (30 mg/kg of body weight) and ciprofibrate (2 mg/kg of body weight). Moreover, the treatment with ExCA also decreased malondialdehyde serum level in the hyperlipidemic rats. The body weight and organ mass were unmodified by ExCA in hyperlipidemic rats, except an increase of liver mass; however, the hepatic enzymes, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, were unchanged. Together, these results confirm the potential value of Campomanesia adamantium root for lowering lipid peroxidation and lipid serum level, improving risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases development

A TECNOLOGIA COMO DISPOSITIVO DO ATENDIMENTO HUMANIZADO NA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA À SAÚDE

Over the years, it has been observed that technology has been advancing more and more and has contributed significantly to people's lives, as well as to important areas such as health, because, based on these tools, it becomes possible to develop care faster and more humanized to patients who seek primary health care to obtain medical assistance. Thus, the research aims to explain the relevance of technology as a device for humanized care in primary health care. The methodology used consisted of the literature review method in order to obtain concise information about the objective of the work, with articles published from 2019 to 2022 available on Scielo, Lilacs and PubMed. Researches that were lower than 2019 were excluded, as well as those whose content was not in Portuguese, which would make the researchers' verification and analysis process difficult. In this way, the results pointed to the benefits caused by technology, enabling better care in terms of medical consultations, exams and guidance to patients, making humanized care in primary health care an essential factor. Concluding on the need to expand technology as a humanized device in all primary health care units, considering that some locations do not have these tools, because, in addition to promoting effectiveness in terms of faster assistance, it enables the minimization queue for appointments and exams.Com o passar dos anos, observa-se que a tecnologia vem avançando cada vez mais e contribuído de forma significativa na vida das pessoas, como também para áreas importantes como a da saúde, pois, a partir dessas ferramentas que torna-se possível desenvolver atendimento mais rápidos e humanizado aos pacientes que buscam atenção básica de saúde para obter assistência médica. Assim, a pesquisa objetiva explicar sobre a relevância da tecnologia como dispositivo do atendimento humanizado na atenção básica à saúde. A metodologia utilizada consistiu no método revisão de literatura com o intuito de obter informações concisas a respeito do objetivo do trabalho, sendo inserido artigos publicados no período de 2019 a 2022 disponíveis na Scielo, Lilacs e PubMed. Sendo excluídas pesquisas que estavam inferior a 2019, bem como aquelas cujo conteúdo não era língua portuguesa, o que dificultaria o processo de verificação e análise dos pesquisadores. Dessa forma, os resultados apontaram sobre os benefícios ocasionados pela tecnologia, possibilitando melhores atendimentos em termos de consultas médicas, exames e orientações aos pacientes, tornando o atendimento humanizado na atenção básica à saúde como um fator imprescindível. Concluindo-se sobre a necessidade de ampliar a tecnologia como dispositivo humanizado em todas as unidades de atenção básica à saúde, tendo em vista que algumas localidades não dispõem dessas ferramentas, pois, além de promover eficácia em termos de assistência mais rápida, possibilita a minimização da fila de espera por atendimentos e exames

Revisão Sistemática sobre Cefaleia em Salvas: Explorando as Correlações com Variáveis Ambientais e Genética

Introduction: Cluster headache, a form of headache characterized by acute and intense episodes of unilateral pain, often accompanied by autonomic symptoms, has been the focus of considerable attention in the fields of neurology and genetics.Methodology: This systematic literature review was conducted with the aim of exploring the correlations between cluster headache and environmental and genetic variables, employing a rigorous and comprehensive approach to identify relevant studies in the scientific literature. The methodology adheres to recommended guidelines for systematic reviews, prioritizing the inclusion of studies published between 2013 and 2023, with access to the full text.Results: It is crucial to recognize that the genetic pattern of cluster headache does not present itself univocally, revealing a multifactorial complexity in its etiology. While genetic factors may confer predisposition, their clinical expression appears to be modulated by environmental influences. Studies exploring the interactions between genes and the environment have focused on understanding how extrinsic factors, such as exposure to certain environmental stimuli, can modulate genetic activity and play a role in triggering cluster headache episodes.Conclusion: Cluster headache represents a unique and challenging neurological condition that continues to intrigue healthcare professionals and researchers. Its distinctive feature of intense pain, accompanied by autonomic symptoms, adds to the complexity of the clinical picture.Introdução: A cefaleia em salvas, uma forma de dor de cabeça caracterizada por episódios agudos e intensos de dor unilateral, frequentemente acompanhada de sintomas autonômicos, tem sido objeto de considerável atenção no campo da neurologia e da genética. Metodologia: Esta revisão sistemática da literatura foi conduzida com o objetivo de explorar as correlações entre a cefaleia em salvas e variáveis ambientais e genéticas, utilizando uma abordagem rigorosa e abrangente para identificar estudos relevantes na literatura científica. A metodologia obedece às diretrizes recomendadas para revisões sistemáticas, priorizando a inclusão de estudos previstos entre 2013 e 2023, com acesso ao texto completo. Resultado: É crucial reconhecer que o padrão genético da cefaleia em salvas não se apresenta de maneira unívoca, revelando uma complexidade multifatorial em sua etiologia. Ainda que fatores genéticos possam conferir uma predisposição, sua expressão clínica parece ser modulada por influências ambientais. Estudos explorando as interações entre genes e ambiente têm se dedicado a compreender como fatores extrínsecos, como expor certos estímulos ambientais, podem modular a atividade genética e desempenhar um papel no desencadeamento de episódios de cefaléia em salvas. Conclusão: A cefaleia em salvas representa uma condição neurológica singular e desafiadora que continua a intrigar profissionais da saúde e pesquisadores. Sua característica distintiva de dor intensa, acompanhada por sintomas autonômicos, contribui para a complexidade do quadro clínico

Educomunicação, Transformação Social e Desenvolvimento Sustentável

Esta publicação apresenta os principais trabalhos dos GTs do II Congresso Internacional de Comunicação e Educação nos temas Transformação social, com os artigos que abordam principalmente Educomunicação e/ou Mídia-Educação, no contexto de políticas de diversidade, inclusão e equidade; e, em Desenvolvimento Sustentável os artigos que abordam os avanços da relação comunicação/educação no contexto da educação ambiental e desenvolvimento sustentável