The association of urinary cadmium with sex steroid hormone concentrations in a general population sample of US adult men

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Studies investigating the association of cadmium and sex steroid hormones in men have been inconsistent, but previous studies were relatively small.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In a nationally representative sample of 1,262 men participating in the morning examination session of phase I (1998–1991) of the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, creatinine corrected urinary cadmium and serum concentrations of sex steroid hormones were measured following a standardized protocol.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>After adjustment for age and race-ethnicity, higher cadmium levels were associated with higher levels of total testosterone, total estradiol, sex hormone-binding globulin, estimated free testosterone, and estimated free estradiol (each p-trend < 0.05). After additionally adjusting for smoking status and serum cotinine, none of the hormones maintained an association with urinary cadmium (each p-trend > 0.05).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Urinary cadmium levels were not associated with sex steroid hormone concentrations in a large nationally representative sample of US men.</p

Dopaminergic regulation of prolactin secretion in the hyperprolactinemic syndrome

The prolactin responses to an oral challenge of L-dopa (0.5 g) and bromocriptine (2.5 mg) were studied in 31 hyperprolactinemic females without radiological abnormalities of pituitary fossa, in 12 hyperprolactinemic patients with minor radiological evidence suggesting the presence of a pituitary adenoma and in 16 normal volunteers in the early puerperium with physiological hyperprolactinemia. Administration of bromocriptine was followed by a similar suppression of prolactin secretion in the functional as well as the adenomatous hyperprolactinemic patients. By contrast, a significantly blunted response to L-dopa was noted in the patients with pathological hyperprolactinemia (with and without radiological abnormalities of the pituitary fossa). These results suggest that the L-dopa suppression test might serve as a reliable indicator to detect prolactin-secreting microadenomas in patients with persistent hyperprolactinemia and radiologically normal pituitary fossae. © 1983 S. Karger AG, Basel.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe