SISTEMA DE COLETA DE AVALIAÇÕES DE SAÚDE E DESEMPENHO ESPORTIVO EM CRIANÇAS E JOVENS NA ESCOLA

OSistema de Coleta de Avaliações de  Saúde e Desempenho Esportivo em Crianças eJovens na Escola se destina a dar o suporte operacional para a coleta e armazenamento dos dados do Projeto Esporte Brasil (PROESP-BR). Foi desenvolvido uma parceria do Centro de Excelência Esportiva da UFRGS com o Centro de Processamento de Dados da mesmauniversidade e é composto por um conjunto de equipamentos, softwares e site dedicados aoPROESP-BR Neste breve artigo são apresentados os aspectos gerais sobre o sistema, com o objetivo de proporcionarum entendimento de sua estrutura e funcionamento. Material mais detalhado, como manuais de uso, serão disponibilizados em breve no site do sistema (www.proesp.ufrgs.br).

Patients’ perception and use of medicinal plants for chronic disease in a community from Rio Grande do Sul / Percepção dos pacientes e uso de plantas medicinais para doenças crônicas em comunidade do Rio Grande do Sul

The popular use of medicinal plants to treat health problems is well known and disseminated from generation to generation, but little is known about toxicity and interactions. Therefore, this work aims to verify the perception about the use of medicinal plants for chronic patients in a community located in Rio Grande do Sul. A cross-sectional study was carried out with chronic diseases’ patients from the municipality of Novo Hamburgo, RS that are users of medicinal plants. Sociodemographic data, clinical characteristics and aspects related to the use of medicinal plants were evaluated for 100 users of medicinal plants, predominantly female (90%) and mean age was 54.8 years. Most have incomplete elementary education (55%) and 95% of those interviewed receive a monthly family income of 1 to 3 minimum wages. There were 318 citations of plant species, of which 63 were different types. The most used were chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L, 9.4%), lemon grass [Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf, 8.4%), pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L., 6.2%) and macela [Achyrocline satureioides (Lam.) DC., 5%]. Regarding the preparation method, 52% of the patients performed infusion, 39% decoction, 7% decoction and infusion and 2% consumed in the mate. Most of the results on the medicinal plants used are consistent with the findings in the literature and it is noticed that a great part of interviewees knows that, even being natural products, medicinal plants may be dangerous

Determination of oxidative stress parameters in fluoxetine users

Fluoxetine (FLU), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, is the first line in depression treatment and it is involved in oxidative stress (OE). Thus, this study aimed to analyze the OE parameters in patients diagnosed with depression and treated with FLU. Were evaluated 121 volunteers divided into two groups: 58 fluoxetine users (with major depression) and 63 non-fluoxetine users (control group, without major depression). The OE was evaluated by determining the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant power (FRAP) and activity of antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). MDA, FRAP, GPx and SOD were dosed in plasma. The influence of age, smoking, alcoholism, comorbidities, use of another drugs and antioxidants in the OE were evaluated. The results were compared between the groups. In relation to the fluoxetine daily dose, MDA presented higher levels in patients using 20 mg daily FLU when compared to the control group, as well as the activity of the GPx enzyme and the FRAP levels. In this way, the use of fluoxetine may interfere with the OE parameters, causing an increase in OE levels

Cytotoxicity evaluation of haloperidol, clozapine and a new molecule with antipsychotic potential, PT-31, in NIH-3T3 cells

Schizophrenia is an illness that affects 26 million people worldwide. However, conventional antipsychotics present side effects and toxicity, highlighting the need for new antipsychotics. We aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of haloperidol (HAL), clozapine (CLO), and a new molecule with antipsychotic potential, PT-31, in NIH-3T3 cells. The neutral red uptake assay and the MTT assay were performed to evaluate cell viability and mitochondrial activity, morphological changes were assessed, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection was performed. HAL and CLO (0.1 μM) showed a decrease in cell viability in the neutral red uptake assay and in the MTT assay. In addition, cell detachment, content decrease, rounding and cell death were also observed at 0.1 μM for both antipsychotics. An increase in ROS was observed for HAL (0.001, 0.01 and 1 μM) and CLO (0.01 and 1 μM). PT-31 did not alter cell viability in any of the assays, although it increased ROS at 0.01 and 1 μM. HAL and CLO present cytotoxicity at 0.1 μM, possibly through apoptosis and necrosis. In contrast, PT-31 does not present cytotoxicity to NIH-3T3 cells. Further studies must be performed for a better understanding of these mechanisms and the potential risk of conventional antipsychotics

Determination of amitriptyline and its main metabolites in human plasma samples using HPLC-DAD: application to the determination of metabolic ratios after single oral dose of amitriptyline

A simple and sensitive HPLC-DAD method for the simultaneous determination of amitriptyline, nortriptyline, E-10-hydroxyamitriptyline, Z-10-hydroxyamitriptyline, E-10-hydroxynortriptyline, Z-10-hydroxynortriptyline and desmethylnortriptyline in human plasma samples was developed and validated. The method employs a two step liquid-liquid extraction and a reversed phase separation with isocratic elution. Precision assays showed R.S.D % lower than 12.1% and accuracy was in the range of 93.1 to 102.5%. Lowest Limit of detection was 5 ng mL-1 for all analytes. Metabolic ratios of amitriptyline demethylation were evaluated in individuals genotyped for CYP2C19, with clear differences between volunteers with zero or two active alleles. The method is suitable for therapeutic drug monitoring of patients under amitriptyline treatment, also allowing the indication of CYP2C19 activity

Relação entre ganglisídios e o suporte da mielopoiese em modelos de estromas hematopoiéticos

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ATENÇÃO FARMACÊUTICA COMO ESTRATÉGIA PARA O USO CORRETO DE MEDICAMENTOS EM IDOSOS

Universidade FEEVAL

Prototype tasks: Improving crowdsourcing results through rapid, iterative task design

Low-quality results have been a long-standing problem on microtask crowdsourcing platforms, driving away requesters and justifying low wages for workers. To date, workers have been blamed for low-quality results: they are said to make as little effort as possible, do not pay attention to detail, and lack expertise. In this paper, we hypothesize that requesters may also be responsible for low-quality work: they launch unclear task designs that confuse even earnest workers, under-specify edge cases, and neglect to include examples. We introduce prototype tasks, a crowdsourcing strategy requiring all new task designs to launch a small number of sample tasks. Workers attempt these tasks and leave feedback, enabling the requester to iterate on the design before publishing it. We report a field experiment in which tasks that underwent prototype task iteration produced higher-quality work results than the original task designs. With this research, we suggest that a simple and rapid iteration cycle can improve crowd work, and we provide empirical evidence that requester “quality” directly impacts result quality