3,105 research outputs found
Di-μ-aqua-bis{diaqua[μ-4-({4-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-6-chloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl}amino)benzenesulfonato]sodium(I)}
In the dinuclear title compound, [Na2(C13H15ClN5O5S)2(H2O)6]n, two Na+ cations, disposed about a centre of inversion, are linked by two bridging water molecules. The coordination geometry is based on an O5 donor set defined by four water molecules and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonate O atom in a distorted trigonal–bipyramidal geometry. In the crystal, significant O—H⋯O, O—H⋯N and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds lead to the formation of a three-dimensional architecture
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces Aided mmWave NOMA: Joint Power Allocation,Phase Shifts, and Hybrid Beamforming Optimization
In this paper, an reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided millimeter
wave (mmWave) non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system is considered. In
particular, we consider an RIS-aided mmWave-NOMA downlink system with a hybrid
beamforming structure. To maximize the achievable sum-rate under a minimum rate
constraint for the users and a minimum transmit power constraint, a joint RIS
phase shifts, hybrid beamforming, and power allocation problem is formulated.
To solve this non-convex optimization problem, we develop an alternating
optimization algorithm. Specifically, first, the non-convex problem is
transformed into three subproblems, i.e., power allocation, joint phase shifts
and analog beamforming optimization, and digital beamforming design. Then, we
solve the power allocation problem under fixed phase shifts of the RIS and
hybrid beamforming. Finally, given the power allocation matrix, an alternating
manifold optimization (AMO)-based method and a successive convex approximation
(SCA)-based method are utilized to design the phase shifts, analog beamforming,
and transmit beamforming, respectively. Numerical results reveal that the
proposed alternating optimization algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art
schemes in terms of sum-rate. Moreover, compared to a conventional mmWave-NOMA
system without RIS, the proposed RIS-aided mmWave-NOMA system is capable of
improving the achievable sum-rate of the system
Liraglutide-induced reduction of myocardial ischemiareperfusion injury in rats via ERK1/2 signaling pathway
Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of liraglutide on myocardial ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury and its molecular mechanism.Methods: Ischemia reperfusion model male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into negative control group, I/R group (saline), liraglutide group (liraglutide) and PD group (liraglutide + PD98059). The weight of myocardium in ischemic and infarction areas of the heart, myocardial injury biomarker, oxidative stress, as well as expressions of mRNA molecules of apoptosis were determined.Results: The myocardial mass of ischemic and infarcted areas of the heart (relative to left ventricular mass) of I/R group were significantly higher (p ˂ 0.05) than those of negative control group, but significantly lower in liraglutide group than in I/R group (p > 0.05). However, the parameters were significantly higher in PD group than in liraglutide group (p ˂ 0.05). CK, CK-MB and LDH activities, as well as levels of cTnI and cTnT in I/R group were significantly higher (p ˂ 0.05) than those of negative control group. However, the parameters were significantly lower (p ˂ 0.05) in liraglutide group than in I/R group, but higher in PD group (p ˂ 0.05) than in liraglutide group. Serum SOD, GSH-Px, CAT activities and tBcl-2 mRNA expression were significantly lower in I/R group than those of negative control group (p ˂ 0.001), while those PD group were significantly lower than those of liraglutide group (p ˂ 0.001).Conclusion: Liraglutide alleviates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and inhibits oxidative stress and apoptosis via ERK1/2 signaling pathway in rats, but further studies are required to ascertain the clinical efficacy and safety of the compound.Keywords: Ischemia-reperfusion injury, Liraglutide, ERK1/2 signal pathway, Oxidative stress, Apoptosi
Nuclear structure of 178Hf related to the spin-16, 31-year isomer
The projected shell model is used to study the multi-quasiparticle and
collective excitations of 178Hf. With an axially symmetric basis, the spin-16
isomer at 2.4 MeV appears to be well separated in energy/spin space from other
configurations. However, projected energy surface calculations suggest that
178Hf has significant softness to axially asymmetric shapes, which can strongly
modify the level distribution. The implications for photodeexitation of the
isomer are discussed.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure
Clonidine Improved Laboratory-Measured Decision-Making Performance in Abstinent Heroin Addicts
BACKGROUND: Impulsivity refers to a wide spectrum of actions characterized by quick and nonplanned reactions to external and internal stimuli, without taking into account the possible negative consequences for the individual or others, and decision-making is one of the biologically dissociated impulsive behaviors. Changes in impulsivity may be associated with norepinephrine. Various populations of drug addicts all performed impulsive decision making, which is a key risk factor in drug dependence and relapse. The present study investigated the effects of clonidine, which decreased norepinephrine release through presynaptic alpha-2 receptor activation, on the impaired decision-making performance in abstinent heroin addicts. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Decision-making performance was assessed using the original version of Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). Both heroin addicts and normal controls were randomly assigned to three groups receiving clonidine, 0, 75 µg or 150 µg orally under double blind conditions. Psychiatric symptoms, including anxiety, depression and impulsivity, were rated on standardized scales. Heroin addicts reported higher scores on the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale and exhibited impaired decision-making on the IGT. A single high-dose of clonidine improved the decision-making performance in heroin addicts. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our results suggest clonidine may have a potential therapeutic role in heroin addicts by improving the impaired impulsive decision-making. The current findings have important implications for behavioral and pharmacological interventions targeting decision-making in heroin addiction
Cinchonidinium chloride monohydrate
In the title salt, C19H23N2O+·Cl−·H2O, the ions and the water molecule are held together by O—H⋯Cl, N—H⋯Cl, O—H⋯O, O—H⋯N and C—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional framework. The vinyl group is disordered over two orientations with refined occupancies of 0.564 (16) and 0.436 (16). The cell parameters of the title compound have been reported previously [Griffiths (1952 ▶). Acta Cryst.
5, 290–291]
Uterine NDRG2 expression is increased at implantation sites during early pregnancy in mice, and its down-regulation inhibits decidualization of mouse endometrial stromal cells
A comparative analysis of aerosol microphysical, optical and radiative properties during the Spring Festival holiday over Beijing and surrounding regions
Using ground-based data, meteorological observations, and atmospheric environmental monitoring data, a comparative analysis of the microphysical and optical properties, and radiative forcing of aerosols was conducted between three stations in different developed environments during a severe air pollution episode during the Spring Festival over Beijing. During the most polluted period, the daily peak values of the aerosol optical depth were ~1.62, ~1.73, and ~0.74, which were about 2.6, 2.9, and 2.1 times higher than the background levels at the CAMS, Xianghe, and Shangdianzi sites, respectively. The daily peak values of the single scattering albedo were ~0.95, ~0.96, and ~0.87. The volume of fine-mode particles varied from 0.04 to 0.21 µm3 µm-2, 0.06 to 0.17 µm3 µm-2, and 0.01 to 0.10 µm3 µm-2, which were about 0.3 to 5.8, 1.1 to 4.7, and 1.2 to 8.9 times greater than the background values, respectively. The daily absorption aerosol optical depth was ~0.01 to ~0.13 at CAMS, ~0.03 to ~0.14 at Xianghe, and ~0.01 to ~0.09 at Shangdianzi, and the absorption Ångström exponents reflected a significant increase in organic aerosols over CAMS and Xianghe and in black carbon over Shangdianzi. Aerosol radiative forcing at the bottom of the atmosphere varied from -20 to -130, -40 to -150, and -10 to -110 W m-2 for the whole holiday period, indicating the cooling effect. The potential source contribution function and concentration-weighted trajectory analysis showed that Beijing, the southern parts of Hebei and Shanxi, and the central northern part of Shandong contributed greatly to the pollution
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