3,637 research outputs found
Quantum Computing via The Bethe Ansatz
We recognize quantum circuit model of computation as factorisable scattering
model and propose that a quantum computer is associated with a quantum
many-body system solved by the Bethe ansatz. As an typical example to support
our perspectives on quantum computation, we study quantum computing in
one-dimensional nonrelativistic system with delta-function interaction, where
the two-body scattering matrix satisfies the factorisation equation (the
quantum Yang--Baxter equation) and acts as a parametric two-body quantum gate.
We conclude by comparing quantum computing via the factorisable scattering with
topological quantum computing.Comment: 6 pages. Comments welcom
Evaluation of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) germplasm from north-eastern Uganda through a Farmer Participatory Approach
Ugandan farmers grow many landrace sweetpotato varieties, but some of these are relatively low yielding and susceptible to pests. The objective of the present research was to involve farmers in a large-scale assessment of Ugandan farmers’ varieties to rapidly identify those with superior yield performance, pest resistance and consumer acceptance. One hundred sixty distinct farmers’ varieties collected from Lira, Soroti, Katakwi, Kumi and Pallisa Districts of North-eastern Uganda were evaluated in on-station trials. Trials were conducted at two sites (Serere Agricultural and Animal Research Institute and Arapai Agricultural College) in Soroti District in the second rainy season of 1999. Twenty-five farmers from surrounding areas participated in trial harvest at each site. At harvest, fresh storage root yield, foliage yield, and dry matter content were determined by researchers. Farmers observed a number of characteristics and rated each entry with respect to the following variables: general impression, dry matter content, pests, and defects. A strong positive correlation was observed between farmers’ general impression and yield and harvest index in the trials. Farmers selected 10 superior varieties from each trial for further multi-environment, on-station and on-farm trials. Coincidentally, nine of the selected varieties were common to both sites
Study of intercalation and deintercalation of Na_xCoO_2 yH_2O single crystals
Single crystals of NaxCoO2 with beta-phase (x=0.55, 0.60 and 0.65),
alpha'-phase (x=0.75) and alpha-phase (x=0.9, 1.0) have been grown by the
floating zone technique. The Na-extraction and hydration were carried out for
the alpha'-sample to get superconducting phase of NaxCoO2.yH2O (x~0.3, y~1.3).
Hydrated single crystals exhibit cracked layers perpendicular to the c-axis due
to a large expansion when the water is inserted into the structure. A study of
intercalation/deintercalation was performed to determine the stability of the
hydrated phase and effects of hydration on the structure of the compound. X-ray
diffraction and Thermogravimetric experiments are used to monitor the process
of water molecules accommodated in and removed from the crystal lattice. The
initial intercalation process takes place with two-water molecules
corresponding to y=0.6) inserted in a formula unit, followed by a group of four
(y=1.3) to form a cluster of Na(H2O)4. Thermogravimetric analysis suggests that
the deintercalation occurs with the removal of the water molecules one by one
from the hydrated cluster at elevated temperatures of approximately 50, 100,
200 and 300 C, respectively. Our investigations reveal that the hydration
process is dynamic and that water molecule inter- and deintercalation follow
different reaction paths in an irreversible way.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, figures with higher resolution by email request
from the corresponding autho
Characteristics of Pro-c Analogies and Blends between Research Publications
Dr Inventor is a tool that aims to enhance the professional (Pro-c) creativity of researchers by suggesting novel hypotheses, arising from analogies between publications. Dr Inventor processes original research documents using a combination of lexical analysis and cognitive computation to identify novel comparisons that suggest new research hypotheses, with the objective of supporting a novel research publication. Research on analogical reasoning strongly suggests that the value of analogy-based comparisons depends primarily on the strength of the mapping (or counterpart projection) between the two analogs. An evaluation study of a number of computer generated comparisons attracted creativity ratings from a group of practising researchers. This paper explores a variety of theoretically motivated metrics operating on different conceptual spaces, identifying some weak associations with user's creativity ratings. Surprisingly, our results show that metrics focused on the mapping appear to have less relevance to creativity than metrics assessing the inferences (blended space). This paper includes a brief description of a research project currently exploring the best research hypothesis generated during this evaluation. Finally, we explore PCA as a means of specifying a combined multiple metrics from several blending spaces as a basis for detecting comparisons to enhance researchers’ creativity
SU(4) Spin-Orbital Two-Leg Ladder, Square and Triangle Lattices
Based on the generalized valence bond picture, a Schwinger boson mean field
theory is applied to the symmetric SU(4) spin-orbital systems. For a two-leg
SU(4) ladder, the ground state is a spin-orbital liquid with a finite energy
gap, in good agreement with recent numerical calculations. In two-dimensional
square and triangle lattices, the SU(4) Schwinger bosons condense at
(\pi/2,\pi/2) and (\pi/3,\pi/3), respectively. Spin, orbital, and coupled
spin-orbital static susceptibilities become singular at the wave vectors, twice
of which the bose condensation arises at. It is also demonstrated that there
are spin, orbital, and coupled spin-orbital long-range orderings in the ground
state.Comment: 5 page
Controlled-NOT logic gate for phase qubits based on conditional spectroscopy
A controlled-NOT logic gate based on conditional spectroscopy has been
demonstrated recently for a pair of superconducting flux qubits [Plantenberg et
al., Nature 447, 836 (2007)]. Here we study the fidelity of this type of gate
applied to a phase qubit coupled to a resonator (or a pair of capacitively
coupled phase qubits). Our results show that an intrinsic fidelity of more than
99% is achievable in 45ns.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, To appear in Quantum Inf. Pro
Vortex lattice stability in the SO(5) model
We study the energetics of superconducting vortices in the SO(5) model for
high- materials proposed by Zhang. We show that for a wide range of
parameters normally corresponding to type II superconductivity, the free energy
per unit flux \FF(m) of a vortex with flux quanta is a decreasing
function of , provided the doping is close to its critical value. This
implies that the Abrikosov lattice is unstable, a behaviour typical of type I
superconductors. For dopings far from the critical value, \FF(m) can become
very flat, indicating a less rigid vortex lattice, which would melt at a lower
temperature than expected for a BCS superconductor.Comment: 4 pp, revtex, 5 figure
Flexoelectric effect on vibration responses of piezoelectric nanobeams embedded in viscoelastic medium based on nonlocal elasticity theory
In this study, vibration characteristics of a piezoelectric nanobeam embedded in a viscoelastic medium are investigated based on nonlocal Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. In doing this, the governing equations of motion and boundary conditions for vibration analysis are first derived using Hamilton’s principle, where nonlocal effect, piezoelectric effect, flexoelectric effect, and viscoelastic medium are considered simultaneously. Subsequently, the transfer function method is employed to obtain the natural frequencies and corresponding mode shapes in closed form for the embedded piezoelectric nanobeam with arbitrary boundary conditions. The proposed mechanics model is validated by comparing the obtained results with those available in the literature, where good agreement is achieved. The effects of nonlocal parameter, boundary conditions, slenderness ratio, flexoelectric coefficient, and viscoelastic medium on vibration responses are also examined carefully for the embedded nanobeam. The results demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of the developed model for vibration analysis of a complicated multi-physics system comprising piezoelectric nanobeam with flexoelectric effect, viscoelastic medium, and electrical loadings
Flexoelectric effect on vibration responses of piezoelectric nanobeams embedded in viscoelastic medium based on nonlocal elasticity theory
In this study, vibration characteristics of a piezoelectric nanobeam embedded in a viscoelastic medium are investigated based on nonlocal Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. In doing this, the governing equations of motion and boundary conditions for vibration analysis are first derived using Hamilton’s principle, where nonlocal effect, piezoelectric effect, flexoelectric effect, and viscoelastic medium are considered simultaneously. Subsequently, the transfer function method is employed to obtain the natural frequencies and corresponding mode shapes in closed form for the embedded piezoelectric nanobeam with arbitrary boundary conditions. The proposed mechanics model is validated by comparing the obtained results with those available in the literature, where good agreement is achieved. The effects of nonlocal parameter, boundary conditions, slenderness ratio, flexoelectric coefficient, and viscoelastic medium on vibration responses are also examined carefully for the embedded nanobeam. The results demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of the developed model for vibration analysis of a complicated multi-physics system comprising piezoelectric nanobeam with flexoelectric effect, viscoelastic medium, and electrical loadings
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