Coffee Silverskin as a Functional Ingredient in Vegan Biscuits: Physicochemical and Sensory Properties and In Vitro Bioaccessibility of Bioactive Compounds

Coffee silverskin (CS), a by-product obtained by the coffee industry after the roasting process, is scientifically known to be a source of fiber and polyphenols, which could contribute to human health. In this work, the production of CS-enriched biscuits is proposed, where the CS from Arabica and Robusta type and a decaffeinated blend of the two were used at three different levels as a replacement for wheat flour. The biscuits were analyzed for their physicochemical properties, consumer acceptability, and the bioaccessibility of polyphenols after in vitro digestion was estimated in order to identify the formulation most appreciated by consumers and most promising in terms of nutritional and biofunctional potential. From the results, CS-based biscuits represent an interesting possibility to create a more sustainable coffee chain, thanks to the valorization of the silverskin, especially if a decaffeinated CS is considered. In fact, a 4% replacement of the wheat flour with decaffeinated CS is able to give a final product with a high content of accessible polyphenols and a biscuit appreciated by the consumer

In Vitro Bioaccessibility and Functional Properties of Phenolic Compounds from Enriched Beverages Based on Cocoa Bean Shell

The cocoa bean shell (CBS), a cocoa by-product, contains a significant amount of bioactive compounds with functional properties, such as polyphenols and methylxanthines, and is used as an ingredient in beverages and foods. In this work, the bioaccessibility of polyphenols and methylxanthines after in vitro digestion was evaluated in new flavoured beverages for at-home consumption (capsules and tea bags). In addition, the polyphenolic composition, functional properties (antiradical and -glucosidase inhibition capacities) and consumer acceptability of these beverages were evaluated. In both capsule and tea bag beverages, the bioaccessibility of methylxanthines was 100% while that of total polyphenols exceeded 50%. The main polyphenols determined using reverse-phase liquid chromatography were type B procyanidins and epicatechin. The antiradical activity in capsule and tea bag beverages was 1.75 and 1.88 mM of Trolox equivalents, respectively, of which 59.50% and 57.09% were recovered after simulated digestion. The percentage of -glucosidase inhibition before in vitro digestion (51.64% and 53.82% for capsules and tea bags, respectively) was comparable to that of acarbose at 0.5 mM. All the beverages obtained a high consumer acceptability. Therefore, these results highlight that CBSs can be used as a valid source of bioactive compounds in the preparation of beverages with homemade techniques.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Utilización del software R para la enseñanza de la estadística: experiencia en un curso de ingeniería

A lo largo de las clases teóricas y prácticas en la cátedra “Estadística A” observamos ciertos conflictos para la comprensión de los conocimientos relacionados con la estadística descriptiva. Esto nos motivó a elaborar una herramienta facilitadora para la aprehensión, el desarrollo y el posterior análisis comparativo de los contenidos desarrollados. En este trabajo presentaremos la implementación de un curso con modalidad semi-presencial utilizando el software libre R como una herramienta didáctica; el mismo se llevo a cabo con un grupo de estudiantes de las carreras de Ingeniería Mecánica e Ingeniería Industrial dictado por docentes del Departamento de Matemática del área de Estadística de la Universidad Nacional del Sur. La experiencia se diagramó en dos etapas: presencial y no-presencial. La primera etapa se llevó a cabo en algunas clases prácticas de la materia que sirvieron para la presentación e implementación del software. El espacio de trabajo donde se desarrolló fue el laboratorio de informática del Departamento de Matemática de la Universidad Nacional del Sur. La segunda etapa consistió en que los alumnos resolvieran los ejercicios propuestos en los trabajos prácticos de la cátedra utilizando R, comparando los resultados con los obtenidos previamente en papel, finalizando con una puesta en común donde se analizaron las ventajas y desventajas de R. En esta instancia, también, realizamos una devolución individual de los trabajos entregados. Finalmente, como corolario de esta experiencia, podemos inferir que es posible seguir profundizando en los beneficios que brinda el software R en relación a la enseñanza de la estadística

SiRNA delivery for control of cyclin d1 and e2f1 expression in crohn’s disease

Evidence in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) supports a connection between inflammation and cancer due to the alteration of the cell cycle with loss of control at the G1/S checkpoint. In this study, we analyze the expression and modulation of CyD1 and E2F1 in colon explants from Crohn's disease (CD) patients. We used ex vivo culture of colon explants from 4 CD patients and 2 healthy controls, stimulated with lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia Coli (EC-LPS). Commercial siRNAs for CyD1 and E2F1 inhibition were encapsulated in Invivofectamine® and in purposely produced nanoliposomal vectors to silencing CyD1 and E2F1 expression. Western blot analysis was used to investigate the effect of siRNA on CyD1, E2F1 and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) expression. In CD patients colon explants, CyD1 and E2F1 increased after the inflammatory stimulus but siRNA silencing attenuated their expression and controlled the COX-2 expression too. These data represent a prelimiary exploration of in vitro siRNA use

Atopic dermatitis and vitamin D: facts and controversies

Patients with atopic dermatitis have genetically determined risk factors that affect the barrier function of the skin and immune responses that interact with environmental factors. Clinically, this results in an intensely pruriginous and inflamed skin that allows the penetration of irritants and allergens and predisposes patients to colonization and infection by microorganisms. Among the various etiological factors responsible for the increased prevalence of atopic diseases over the past few decades, the role of vitamin D has been emphasized. As the pathogenesis of AD involves a complex interplay of epidermal barrier dysfunction and dysregulated immune response, and vitamin D is involved in both processes, it is reasonable to expect that vitamin D's status could be associated with atopic dermatitis' risk or severity. Such association is suggested by epidemiological and experimental data. in this review, we will discuss the evidence for and against this controversial relationship, emphasizing the possible etiopathogenic mechanisms involved.Univ Brasilia UNB, Brasilia, DF, BrazilFed Dist Hlth State Dept SES DF, Brasilia, DF, BrazilUniv Brasilia HUB UNB, Brasilia Univ Hosp, Brasilia, DF, BrazilSão Paulo Fed Univ UNIFESP, Brasilia, DF, BrazilSão Paulo Fed Univ UNIFESP, Brasilia, DF, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Role of FDG-PET scan in staging of pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma

In this report we describe a case of pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (PEH) in a young woman. The neoplasm manifested with dry cough, chest pain, finger clubbing, and multiple bilateral pulmonary nodules on chest x-ray and computed tomographic (CT) scan. She underwent thoracoscopy, and the histological features of the lung biopsies were initially interpreted as consistent with a not-well-defined interstitial lung disease. Our patient was clinically and radiologically stable over a period of four years, after which the disease progressed to involve not only the lung but also mediastinal lymph nodes, liver and bone. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy showed subtotal occlusion of the right middle and lower lobe bronchi. The histologic examination of bronchial biopsies revealed a poorly differentiated neoplasm immunohistochemically positive for vimentin and vascular markers CD31, CD34 and Factor VIII. A diagnosis of malignant hemangioendothelioma was made. Positron emission tomography (PET) is more sensitive than CT scan and bone scintigraphy in detecting PEH metastases. Furthermore, 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake seems to be related to the grade of malignancy of PEH lesions. Therefore, we suggest that FDG-PET should be included in the staging system and follow-up of PEH

Role of FDG-PET scan in staging of pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma

In this report we describe a case of pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (PEH) in a young woman. The neoplasm manifested with dry cough, chest pain, finger clubbing, and multiple bilateral pulmonary nodules on chest x-ray and computed tomographic (CT) scan. She underwent thoracoscopy, and the histological features of the lung biopsies were initially interpreted as consistent with a not-well-defined interstitial lung disease. Our patient was clinically and radiologically stable over a period of four years, after which the disease progressed to involve not only the lung but also mediastinal lymph nodes, liver and bone. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy showed subtotal occlusion of the right middle and lower lobe bronchi. The histologic examination of bronchial biopsies revealed a poorly differentiated neoplasm immunohistochemically positive for vimentin and vascular markers CD31, CD34 and Factor VIII. A diagnosis of malignant hemangioendothelioma was made. Positron emission tomography (PET) is more sensitive than CT scan and bone scintigraphy in detecting PEH metastases. Furthermore, 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake seems to be related to the grade of malignancy of PEH lesions. Therefore, we suggest that FDG-PET should be included in the staging system and follow-up of PEH