miR-9 Acts as an OncomiR in Prostate Cancer through Multiple Pathways That Drive Tumour Progression and Metastasis

Identification of dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) in prostate cancer is critical not only for diagnosis, but also differentiation between the aggressive and indolent forms of the disease. miR-9 was identified as an oncomiR through both miRNA panel RT-qPCR as well as high-throughput sequencing analysis of the human P69 prostate cell line as compared to its highly tumorigenic and metastatic subline M12, and found to be consistently upregulated in other prostate cell lines including DU-145 and PC3. While miR-9 has been characterized as dysregulated either as an oncomiR or tumour suppressor in a variety of other cancers including breast, ovarian, and nasopharyngeal carcinomas, it has not been previously evaluated and proven as an oncomiR in prostate cancer. miR-9 was confirmed an oncomiR when found to be overexpressed in tumour tissue as compared to adjacent benign glandular epithelium through laser-capture microdissection of radical prostatectomy biopsies. Inhibition of miR-9 resulted in reduced migratory and invasive potential of the M12 cell line, and reduced tumour growth and metastases in male athymic nude mice. Analysis showed that miR-9 targets e-cadherin and suppressor of cytokine signalling 5 (SOCS5), but not NF-ĸB mRNA. Expression of these proteins was shown to be affected by modulation in expression of miR-9

Einschätzungen zu Promotion und Postdoktorandenzeit – Ergebnisse einer Umfrage unter Mitgliedern des Vereins für Socialpolitik

This article summarizes the results of a survey among young members of the Verein für Socialpolitik, the main association of academic economists in the German speaking areas. In general, the responding researchers seem to be satisfied with the quality of the mentoring received and with their integration into their research institutions. With respect to the activities of the Verein für Socialpolitik, the respondents favor additional measures to promote the academic job market and to open up the topical panels of the association to younger scholars

Einschätzungen zu Promotion und Postdoktorandenzeit – Ergebnisse einer Umfrage unter Mitgliedern des Vereins für Socialpolitik

This article summarizes the results of a survey among young members of the Verein für Socialpolitik, the main association of academic economists in the German speaking areas. In general, the responding researchers seem to be satisfied with the quality of the mentoring received and with their integration into their research institutions. With respect to the activities of the Verein für Socialpolitik, the respondents favor additional measures to promote the academic job market and to open up the topical panels of the association to younger scholars

The Dutchman Vol. 7, No. 2

● Basketry, a Pennsylvania Dutch Art ● Decorative Elements in the Domestic Architecture of Eastern Pennsylvania ● Literature on Log Architecture ● Pennsylvania Tour of Europe ● Matters Genealogical ● Feeding Them by the Hundred ● The Zehn-uhr Schtickhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/dutchmanmag/1005/thumbnail.jp

The Dutchman Vol. 6, No. 2

● Spatterware ● That\u27s a Lot of Boloney ● A Dutch Touch ● Birds in Dutchland ● Cornelius Weygandt Day ● Brick-end Barns ● Hardly Bigger Than a Peanut ● Pennsylvania Dutch Pioneers ● Sycamores in Dutchland ● The Zehn-uhr Schtickhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/dutchmanmag/1001/thumbnail.jp

The Dutchman Vol. 7, No. 3

● Major and Minor in Fractur ● Gilbert and Mason - Pennsylvania Wood Engravers ● Barring Out the Schoolmaster ● The Himmelreich Collection ● A Mennonite Encyclopedia ● Pennsylvania Crafts Event ● Europe Calling ● Book Note ● Pennsylvania Dutch Pioneers ● The Zehn-uhr Schtickhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/dutchmanmag/1006/thumbnail.jp

Dual Action of miR-125b As a Tumor Suppressor and OncomiR-22 Promotes Prostate Cancer Tumorigenesis

MicroRNAs (miRs) are a novel class of small RNA molecules, the dysregulation of which can contribute to cancer. A combinatorial approach was used to identify miRs that promote prostate cancer progression in a unique set of prostate cancer cell lines, which originate from the parental p69 cell line and extend to a highly tumorigenic/metastatic M12 subline. Together, these cell lines are thought to mimic prostate cancer progression in vivo. Previous network analysis and miR arrays suggested that the loss of hsa-miR-125b together with the overexpression of hsa-miR-22 could contribute to prostate tumorigenesis. The dysregulation of these two miRs was confirmed in human prostate tumor samples as compared to adjacent benign glandular epithelium collected through laser capture microdissection from radical prostatectomies. In fact, alterations in hsa-miR-125b expression appeared to be an early event in tumorigenesis. Reverse phase microarray proteomic analysis revealed ErbB2/3 and downstream members of the PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK pathways as well as PTEN to be protein targets differentially expressed in the M12 tumor cell compared to its parental p69 cell. Relevant luciferase+3’-UTR expression studies confirmed a direct interaction between hsa-miR-125b and ErbB2 and between hsa-miR-22 and PTEN. Restoration of hsa-miR-125b or inhibition of hsa-miR-22 expression via an antagomiR resulted in an alteration of M12 tumor cell behavior in vitro. Thus, the dual action of hsa-miR-125b as a tumor suppressor and hsa-miR-22 as an oncomiR contributed to prostate tumorigenesis by modulations in PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways, key pathways known to influence prostate cancer progression

A Comparative Measurement Technique for Magnetic Hyperthermia in Nanoparticle Suspensions

We describe a method for the determination of the heating power of magnetic nanoparticle colloids which have potential for application in the remedial treatment of malignant and non-malignant tumors. The method is based upon a comparison between the heating power observed when the colloid is exposed to a radio frequency magnetic field and that which is observed using a resistive electrical heater. A new design of measurement cell has been made which has the advantages of reducing or eliminating the effects of convection, ensuring the measurement is made in a magnetic field of known uniformity and that the heat losses in the system are constant and minimized under both magnetic and Joule heating

Inhibiting Vimentin or beta 1-integrin Reverts Prostate Tumor Cells in IrECM and Reduces Tumor Growth

Prostate epithelial cells grown embedded in laminin-rich extracellular matrix (lrECM) undergo morphological changes that closely resemble their architecture in vivo. In this study, growth characteristics of three human prostate epithelial sublines derived from the same cellular lineage, but displaying different tumorigenic and metastatic properties in vivo, were assessed in three-dimensional (3D) lrECM gels. M12, a highly tumorigenic and metastatic subline, was derived from the parental prostate epithelial P69 cell line by selection in nude mice and found to contain a deletion of 19p-q13.1. The stable reintroduction of an intact human chromosome 19 into M12 resulted in a poorly tumorigenic subline, designated F6. When embedded in lrECM gels, the nontumorigenic P69 line produced acini with clearly defined lumena. Immunostaining with antibodies to {beta}-catenin, E-cadherin or {alpha}6-, {beta}4- and {beta}1-integrins showed polarization typical of glandular epithelium. In contrast, the metastatic M12 subline produced highly disorganized cells with no evidence of polarization. The F6 subline reverted to acini-like structures exhibiting basal polarity marked with integrins. Reducing either vimentin levels via siRNA interference or {beta}1-integrin expression by the addition of the blocking antibody, AIIB2, reorganized the M12 subline into forming polarized acini. The loss of vimentin significantly reduced M12-Vim tumor growth when assessed by subcutaneous injection in athymic mice. Thus, tumorigenicity in vivo correlated with disorganized growth in 3D lrECM gels. These studies suggest that the levels of vimentin and {beta}1-integrin play a key role in the homeostasis of the normal acini in prostate and that their dysregulation may lead to tumorigenesis

The Dutchman Vol. 6, No. 1

● Editorial ● Somerset County Decorated Barns ● Butter Molds ● Restaurants, too, Go Dutch ● The Hostetter Fractur Collection ● Bindnagle\u27s Church ● The Harry S. High Folk Art Collection ● Lebanon Valley Date Stones ● Of Bells and Bell Towers ● John Durang, the First Native American Dancer ● Stoffel Rilbps\u27 Epistle ● The First Singing of Our National Anthem ● Pennsylvania Dutch Pioneershttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/dutchmanmag/1000/thumbnail.jp