Maintaining Pakistani Cultural Traditional Decorative Elements Blending and Adoption Different Decorating Style Approach

Pakistani culture has the capacity to adopt multi-cultural values and décor practices in the society. With the gradual improvement of the living environment, people are pursuing more satisfaction and spiritual meaning the current interior decoration style in Pakistan considers a mix and match style. People in Pakistan cannot absolutely consider adopting a pure one style. Interior decoration is considered as primary to traditional living culture with distinctive cultural ideas, filling in the use of the latest style of thinking. The purpose of this study is to explore the development and current status of interior decoration styles in modern Pakistan and to collect background information on the current interior design decoration style and application of traditional elements in decoration.Also, investigate the extent of application of traditional thoughts in modern houses, their incorporation and blend with contemporary architecture so that the cultural values and the elements of traditional interior décor art and craft are not endangered. Study reveals that Pakistani interior décor style is the foremost interesting and attention-grabbing to work with because of the variations within the culture, splendid history and art and craft across the country

ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY OF TAMARIX DIOCA (L.) LEAVES AND FLOWERS

Tamarix dioca (L.) belongs to family Tamaricaceae is traditionally a vital plant used for treatment of various diseases. Efforts were made to investigate the antimicrobial efficiency of T. dioca.There was three concentrations of crude methanolic extracts of 200µg/ml, 100µg/ml and 50 µg/ml were checked against six pathogenic fungi Aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus flavus, Fusarium solani, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium tubesulum and six bacterial strains Bacillus subtilis, Enterobactor aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Kliebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus. It was noted that Percentage inhibition in the growth of fungi and bacteria was dosage dependent. Terbinafine a standard antifungal drug, 10mg/ml and Cefexime 10mg/ml (antibacterial) were used as a positive control. The results were compared with control and most of the results were found significant. Maximum inhibition was showed by T. dioca against fungal strain A. niger (74%) and bacterial strain K. pneumoniae (48%). It can be use as powerful antimicrobial agent in near fture

Allantoin eutectics with choline chloride and zinc chloride: interactions and wound healing applications

Allantoin eutectics with choline chloride (ACM) and zinc chloride (AZM) are reported. The solid–liquid phase diagram showed the eutectic point in allantoin-rich region (Xallantoin = 0.9) for ACM. In AZM, the eutectic formation occurred in the equimolar mixture. The H-bonded template in pure allantoin was disrupted upon addition of choline chloride or zinc chloride, which led to freezing point depression. Classical and non-classical hydrogen bonding, electrostatic and donor–acceptor interactions existed among the components. Infrared vibrational frequencies indicated the involvement of ureido NH2, and ring carbonyl of allantoin, OH group of choline chloride, and Zn2+ in interactions. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that among equimolar mixtures ACM5 was more stable than AZM5. An increase in zinc chloride content markedly altered the thermal stability in AZM. Both categories of eutectics were universally soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide. Skin wounds in rabbit models were healed more effectively by concoctions containing relatively smaller percentages of eutectics

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially