Simulation of sub-drains performance using visual MODFLOW for slope water seepage Problem

Numerical simulation technique was used for investigating water seepage problem at the Botanic Park Kuala Lumpur. A proposed sub-drains installation in problematic site location was simulated using Modular Three-Dimensional Finite Difference Groundwater Flow (MODFLOW) software. The results of simulation heads during transient condition showed that heads in between 43 m (water seepage occurred at level 2) until 45 m (water seepage occurred at level 4) which heads measurement are referred to mean sea level. However, elevations measurements for level 2 showed the values between 41 to 42 m from mean sea level and elevations for level 4 between 42 to 45 m from mean sea level. These results indicated an increase in heads for level 2 and level 4 between 1 to 2 m when compared to elevations slope at the level 2 and level 4. The head increases surpass the elevation level of the slope area that causing water seepage at level 2 and level 4. In order to overcome this problems, the heads level need to be decrease to 1 until 2 m by using two options of sub-drain dimension size. Sub-drain with the dimension of 0.0750 m (diameter), 0.10 m (length) and using 4.90 m spacing was the best method to use as it was able to decrease the heads to the required levels of 1 to 2 m

Simulation of sub-drains performance using visual MODFLOW for slope water seepage Problem

Numerical simulation technique was used for investigating water seepage problem at the Botanic Park Kuala Lumpur. A proposed sub-drains installation in problematic site location was simulated using Modular Three-Dimensional Finite Difference Groundwater Flow (MODFLOW) software. The results of simulation heads during transient condition showed that heads in between 43 m (water seepage occurred at level 2) until 45 m (water seepage occurred at level 4) which heads measurement are referred to mean sea level. However, elevations measurements for level 2 showed the values between 41 to 42 m from mean sea level and elevations for level 4 between 42 to 45 m from mean sea level. These results indicated an increase in heads for level 2 and level 4 between 1 to 2 m when compared to elevations slope at the level 2 and level 4. The head increases surpass the elevation level of the slope area that causing water seepage at level 2 and level 4. In order to overcome this problems, the heads level need to be decrease to 1 until 2 m by using two options of sub-drain dimension size. Sub-drain with the dimension of 0.0750 m (diameter), 0.10 m (length) and using 4.90 m spacing was the best method to use as it was able to decrease the heads to the required levels of 1 to 2 m

A Review: Study on Spent Garnet as Construction Material

Numerous environmental problems are mitigated by natural resource depletion, with yearly global use of nearly 25 billion tonnes, including aggregates. Fast industrial growth has witnessed the ever-increasing exploitation of sand from rivers for various construction resolves, which caused an over-exploitation of rivers’ beds and disturbed the eco-system. This problem is also related to the amount of waste produced each year. The volume of waste is estimated to rise, reducing available space and causing pollution. Many studies have discovered inventions and ideas to deal with this situation. Some researchers use the spent garnet in a concrete mix as a partial fine aggregate replacement. The alternative in a concrete mix depends on the properties of the spent garnet that is used and its appropriateness. In this paper, a critical review of spent garnet were discussed in detail

A Review: Study on Spent Garnet as Construction Material

Numerous environmental problems are mitigated by natural resource depletion, with yearly global use of nearly 25 billion tonnes, including aggregates. Fast industrial growth has witnessed the ever-increasing exploitation of sand from rivers for various construction resolves, which caused an over-exploitation of rivers’ beds and disturbed the eco-system. This problem is also related to the amount of waste produced each year. The volume of waste is estimated to rise, reducing available space and causing pollution. Many studies have discovered inventions and ideas to deal with this situation. Some researchers use the spent garnet in a concrete mix as a partial fine aggregate replacement. The alternative in a concrete mix depends on the properties of the spent garnet that is used and its appropriateness. In this paper, a critical review of spent garnet were discussed in detail

Multi objective machining estimation model using orthogonal and neural network

Much hard work has been done to model the machining operations using the neural network (NN). However, the selection of suitable neural network model in machining optimization area especially in multi objective area is unsupervised and resulted in pointless trials. Thus, a combination of Taguchi orthogonal and NN modeling approach is tested on two types of electrical discharge machining (EDM) operations; Cobalt Bonded Tungsten Carbide (WC-Co) and Inconel 718 to observe the efficiency of proposed approach on different numbers of objectives. WC-Co EDM considered two objective functions and Inconel 718 EDM considered four objective functions. It is found that one hidden layer 4-8-2 layer recurrent neural network (LRNN) is the best estimation model for WC-Co machining and one hidden layer 5-14-4 cascade feed forward back propagation (CFBP) is the best estimation model for Inconel 718 EDM. The results are compared with trial-error approach and it is proven that the proposed modeling approach is able to improve the machining performances and works efficiently on two-objective problems

Masyarakat Sivil Dan Demokratisasi Politik Di Malaysia: Satu Analisis Ringkas

This paper analyzes the democratization process in Malaysia by positing the role of civil society as the engine of change. The analysis in this paper differs from the views of previous scholars who argued that political protests against the government first emerged during Dr Mahathir's regime. In fact, this paper argues that the protests process started even before Malaysian independence. Although this process continues to take place, it has not brought about real democratization in Malaysia. This is because of the success of the ruling government in providing comfort and feeding the people resulting in difficulty for civil societies to convince the peoples of the need for political transformation. In this aspect, this paper discusses a new approach for political protests by civil society over abuse of power by government, that is through political protests 'from within' which is more effective in raising the people's consciousness toward political change. The paper ends with a conclusion that one of the distinguishing features of Malaysia politics that differs from other political regimes in the world is that political leaders in Malaysia never have to shed the blood of its citizens and this is the very reason that they are able to sustain their status quo until now

STRESS AND ITS RELIEF AMONG UNDERGRADUATE DENTAL STUDENTS IN MALAYSIA

This study was conducted to identify the prevalence of stress, types of stressors, consequences of stress and stress relievers among undergraduate dental students at the University of Malaya during the different years of study. A descriptive cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire among Bachelor of Dental Surgery students during Years 2 to 5. A 100 response rate was obtained. The instrument asked questions about the preceding academic year. The results of the questionnaire reveal the prevalence of stress was 100. The most common cause of stress among preclinical students was academic concerns and among clinical students was patient management and clinical performance. Physical and behavioral problems were reported as consequences of stress. Most students overcame stress by having strong interpersonal relationships. This record was migrated from the OpenDepot repository service in June, 2017 before shutting down

Investigation of oil palm empty fruit bunches in biosoda pulping by tropical white-rot fungi, Ganoderma australe (Fr.) Pat.

Ganoderma australe, a white-rot fungus, is well-known as a decomposer of logs and stumps in the Malaysian forest. We investigated G. australe (KUM60848) strain for production of ligninolytic enzymes i.e. lignin peroxidase (LiP) and laccase, and hydrolytic enzymes, i.e. cellulase and xylanase, using oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) in solid-substrate fermentation (SSF). EFB was shown to support good mycelial growth for G. australe during 28 days of solid-substrate fermentation. All tested enzyme activities demonstrated highest activities of LiP (0.18±0.02 U/ml), laccase (1.92±0.03 U/ml), cellulase (0.72±0.11 U/ml) and xylanase (0.42±0.01 U/ml) throughout the 28 days of incubation. Compared to an untreated control, the pretreated EFB yield increased to a maximum of 18% during biopulping. Fourteen days of SSF had the highest degree of material dissolved, as shown by pulp yields and the optimum values (29.8 Nm/g tensile index and 2.73 Kpa m2/g burst index) acceptable to obtain paper sheets

Growth and nutritional value of a Tropical Green Alga, Ankistrodesmus convolutus corda, in Agro-industrialeffluents

Use of agro-industrial effluents for microalgal culture was investigated using a tropical freshwater green alga, Ankistrodesmus convolutus cultured in various dilutions of latex concentrate effluent (LCRE), standard Malaysian rubber effluent (SMRE) and digested palm oil mill effluent (POMED). Ankistrodesmus convolutus grown in 40%and 60%LCRE, 60%SMRE and 10% POMED showed significantly higher (P < 0.05) specific growth rate in terms of cell number and chlorophyll a than that grown in other effluent media and inorganic fertiliser (N:P:K = 1:1:0.5) as control. Total biomass of this microalgae grown in 60%LCRE, 60%SMRE and 10% POMED was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that cultured in other effluent media and the control. Ankistrodesmus convolutus cultured in 40% and 60% LCRE, 60% SMRE and 10% POMED showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher amount of crude protein and lipid than that grown in other effluent media and the control. Significantly higher (P < 0.05) amount of most of the essential amino acids (EAAs) except a few were found in A. convolutus cultured in 60% LCRE and 60% SMRE than that grown in other effluent media and control. Ankistrodesmus convolutus cultured in 10% POMED resulted in significantly higher (P < 0.05) amount of all the EAAs except threonine and tyrosine that were grown in other POMED media and control. Ankistrodesmus convolutus grown in 40% and 60% LCRE, contained significantly higher (P < 0.05) amounts of all the C18 and C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PDFAs) than that cultured in other SMRE media and control, except eicosadienoic acid (20: 2n-11). A similar trend of PUFAs was recorded in A. convolutus cultured in 60% SMRE except eicosatrienoic acid (20:3n-6) and arachidonic acid (20:4n-6). It was found that A. convolutus contained significantly (P < 0.05) higher amount of PUFAs such as linoleic acid (l8:2n-6), linolenic acid (18:3n-3) and arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) when grown in 10% POMED than that cultured in other POMED media and control. This study showed that A. convolutus grown in 40-60% rubber and 10% POMED has higher nutritional value that that cultured in other effluent media and inogranic fertilizer

DOES GENDER DIFFERENCES PLAY A MODERATING ROLE IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MICROFINANCE SERVICES AND SMALL-SCALE BUSINESS PERFORMANCE IN SRI LANKA?

Microfinance has been identified as a significant tool for small business development among the poor in the world. Microfinance has been provided various services to their clients to enhancing their employment opportunities to empowering them economically. The effectiveness of microfinance on developing small scale businesses is being controlled by different factors. Gender has been identified as a significant factor for moderate the relationship between microfinance services and small-scale business performance. This study intends to analyses the moderating role of gender between the relationships of microloan service, micro saving service, Training, and business consultation service and insurance service between small scale business performances. Primary data were collected using the Likert scale questionnaire from 497 clients of the Samurdhi microfinance program in five selected districts in Sri Lanka. Collected data were analyzed by Multi-group CFA using AMOS and SPSS software. The outcome of the study was revealed that there is a significant moderating effect by gender to all four microfinance services and small-scale business development. And the female group was a more powerful group than males to successfully use the microfinance services to enhance the small-scale business.JEL: G2, G21  Article visualizations