Hybrid Road Barrier Design As Aesthetic Safety Feature and Urban Furniture

Abstract— There are various types of road barriers such as steel W beam, steel cable, concrete and wooden (timber) that have been used all over the World. They all have some advantages and disadvantages from different kinds of aspects such as construction time, ease of installation, low-cost, proven effectiveness, impact resistance, durability, service life, maintenance, etc. but to attain a more pleasant drive especially in historical and natural urban roads or scenic highways, installing wooden (timber) barriers can be considered as a more aesthetically pleasing alternative. In addition to aesthetic, wooden barriers can be preferred for their impact energy and sound absorption capabilities especially in urban roads. With the design, it is also estimated that light effect of oncoming traffic will be blocked. The main idea is to use hybrid barriers for both aesthetic safety feature in scenic or historical roads and urban furniture. This paper also summarizes comparisons among conventional road barrier systems considering the European standard EN 1317, Road Restraint Systems and provides a discussion of future designs.   Index Terms—road restraint system, timber barrier, hybrid barrier, road barrier, urban furnitur

Utjecaj starenja na neka fizikalna i mehanička svojstva škotske borovine upotrebljavane za gradnju povijesnih kuća u Safranbolu

Wood has been a favourite construction material since the ancient times because of its natural beauty and excellent properties, such as high specific strength, heat insulation and ease of handling and processing. It was also used in Safranbolu, where Turkish Ottoman civil architectural samples have been carefully protected and preserved without losing their originality. It was inscribed to “The World Heritage List” by UNESCO in 1994. In this study, density, Brinell hardness and compression strength perpendicular to the grain of Scotch pine (Pinus Sylvestris Lipsky.) wood, from the fl oor joist of 10 different demolished historical Safranbolu houses for 10 different years, were determined and compared with those of wood from freshly cut trees. The highest decrease in compression strength perpendicular to the grain of salvaged Scotch pine wood used as floor joist for 210 years was nearly 27 percent lower than those of wood from freshly cut Scotch pine. The results indicate that the physical properties, Brinell hardness and compression strength perpendicular to the grain of the Scotch pine wood were significantly affected by the 210-year service life.Drvo je još od antičkih vremena zbog svoje prirodne ljepote i izvrsnih svojstava kao što su velika specifična čvrstoća, toplinska izolacija i jednostavnost rukovanja i obrade često upotrebljavano kao građevni materijal. Ono je za tu namjenu iskorištavano i u Safranbolu, gdje su tursko-osmanski civilni arhitektonski primjerci pažljivo zaštićeni i očuvani bez narušavanja njihova originalnog izgleda. Ta je kulturna baština 1994. godine upisana u Popis svjetske baštine UNESCO-a. U ovom su istraživanju prikazani rezultati mjerenja gustoće, tvrdoće prema Brinellu i tlačne čvrstoće okomito na vlakanca na uzorcima drva škotskog bora (Pinus sylvestris Lipsky.) napravljenima od podnih greda iz deset različitih demoliranih povijesnih kuća iz Safranbola iz deset različitih godina. Te su vrijednosti uspoređene s vrijednostima izmjerenima na uzorcima od drva svježe srušenih stabala škotskog bora. Najveće smanjenje tlačne čvrstoće okomito na vlakanca izmjereno je na uzorcima od škotske borovine koja je 210 godina služila kao podna greda. Ta je tlačna čvrstoća bila gotovo 27 % manja od tlačne čvrstoće drva svježe srušenih stabala škotskoga bora. Rezultati pokazuju da je na fizikalna svojstva škotske borovine, tvrdoću prema Brinellu i čvrstoću okomito na vlakanca znatno utjecalo 210 uporabnih godina

Comparison of Thermal Performance of Newly Produced Lightweight Wall and Roof Elements for Energy-efficient Buildings

In this study, both experimental and theoretical investigations are performed to obtain new concrete types with high thermal insulating characteristics for energy-efficient buildings. In this regard, 102 new concrete wall samples were produced using different aggregates at different volume fractions, and their thermophysical properties were tested according to EN and ASTM standards. The experimental research focused on developing new wall or roof types with higher thermal insulation properties in order to reduce the energy consumption of buildings due to heating or cooling. In order to specify the thermal performance of developed lightweight concretes, an analytical solution method is developed by the Complex Finite Fourier Transform CFFT method to estimate heat gain utilizing measured thermophysical properties data of those samples. The results indicated that the reduction in heat gain value was obtained as 83.21 % for the PC100 wall corresponding to conventional concrete. Consequently, the thermal insulation effect of those samples shows excellent potential for development

Pharmacological Properties of Edible Asparagus acutifolius and Asparagus officinalis Collected from North Iraq and Turkey (Hatay)

In this study, antioxidant, oxidant, antimicrobial, and antiproliferative activities of Asparagus acutifolius L. and Asparagus officinalis L., known for their nutritional properties, were determined. In this context, methanol (MeOH) and dichloromethane (DCM) extracts of plants were obtained. Total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) were determined using Rel Assay kits. Antimicrobial activities of plant extracts were determined against the test microorganisms using the agar dilution method. Antiproliferative activity was tested on the lung cancer cell line A549. As a result of the studies, it has been determined that the plant species have high antioxidant potential. In addition, it was observed that the antifungal potentials of plant extracts are high. Antiproliferative activity was determined to be at high level in both plant species. As a result, it has been determined that A. acutifolius and A. officinalis have medical potential and can be used as natural agents in pharmacological designs

Expression profiling of SCN8A and NDUFC2 genes in colorectal carcinoma

The expression differences of SCN8A (which encodes type VIII alpha subunit of voltage gated sodium channel) and NDUFC2 (which encodes C2 subunit of Complex I enzyme in oxidative phosphorylation) genes were evaluated in paired colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues which was relied on our partial transcriptome analysis data in cancer cell lines. Materials and Methods: A total of 62 paired tissues of CRC patients (34 male, 28 female) were included in the study. The mRNA levels of SCN8A and NDUFC2 genes were determined by using real-time PCR (qRT-PCR and semiquantitative PCR). Results: SCN8A gene expression level was significantly lower in tumor tissues (p = 0.0128) and in the patients with the age below 45 years (p = 0.0049). There were also meaningful relationships between the gender, grade of CRC, tumor location, histopathological classification, and SCN8A expression. There was no NDUFC2 differential expression. However, the tumors taken from right colon had significantly lower NDUFC2 expression. Conclusion: Although the voltage gated sodium channels (VGSCs) and Complex I (CI) were associated to a number of diseases including different types of cancers, the different subunits of CI and individual members of VGSCs seem to be cancer type-specific in varying proportions. Key Words: colorectal carcinoma, SCN8A, NDUFC2, Complex I, voltage gated sodium channels, gene expression

TRP genes family expression in colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common cancer of the gastrointestinal tract. Different factors are responsible for the development of CRC. Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) which is an important component of calcium channel is associated with several pathological conditions like cancer, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. Thirty members of the family of TRP ion channel in mammals have been determined till now. The aim of this study is to investigate TRPM, TRPV and TRPC gene expression levels in tumor tissues of CRC patients and to analyze the relationship of expression in tumor tissue of CRC with other known prognostic factors. Material and Methods: In this study, 93 CRC patients were included. The level of TRP gene expression in paraffin blocks of normal and cancerous colorectal tissue samples were studied at the level of mRNA with Real-time PCR. Results: The mRNA expression level of TRPV3, TRPV4, TRPV5, TRPM4 and TRPC6 genes in 37 female and 56 male patients diagnosed with CRC was revealed lower in tumor tissue as compared to normal tissue (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences of mRNA expression levels of other TRP genes were found. Conclusions: TRP gene family like TRPV3, TRPV4, TRPV5, TRPM4 and TRPC6 may be thought as potential genes contributing to tumorigenesis as their expression decreases in CRC as compared to normal tissues. Key Words: colorectal cancer, TRP genes family: TRPV3, TRPV4, TRPV5, TRPM4, TRPC6, mRNA expression

Health Literacy and Measurment

In this study, health literacy (SFM) concept in the history of the definitions, scope, classification and theoretical models examined, the scales used in the assessment are described. Although various definitions and components SOYun the written text to read, understand, and communicate the main points to use in decision-making information. Today, progress has been made in the treatment of many diseases, and is known to develop treatment facilities. Changing pattern of the components of health risk, however, new risks are emerging. Information in the medical world grows and changes rapidly. This is the practice of modern day living and health care services increases the individual roles. Power of information between patients and health care providers differ, despite the abundance of information difficult to draw accurate information, the reliability of this information ayirdinindaki attention on the issues of competence uncertainty SO, reveals a gap extremely important [TAF Prev Med Bull 2014; 13(4.000): 327-334

Production of diesel-like fuel from waste engine oil by pyrolitic distillation

The aim of this study is to obtain diesel-like fuel from waste lubrication engine oils by pyrolitic distillation method, which can be used in diesel engines. With this aim in mind, waste engine oil is collected in a tank, and it is purified from contaminants such as dust, heavy carbon soot, metal particles, gum-type materials and other impurities by filtering in the process prepared earlier. To investigate effects of additives known as sodium carbonate (NaCO3), zeolite and lime (CaO) on density, viscosity, flash point, sulfur content, heating value and distillation temperature, the purified oil samples are blended separately with additives having mass basis of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%. The mixed samples are exposed to pyrolitic distillation process to produce fuels to be used in engines. Thermal and physical properties of the produced fuels such as density, flash point, viscosity, sulfur content, heating value and distillation temperatures are examined. From these results, the CaO with a ratio of 2% has the highest effect on decreasing of sulfur content of the waste engine oil and on acquiring the most suitable distillation temperatures close to values of a diesel fuel. Diesel-like fuel (DLF) is obtained as 60% of the waste lubrication engine oil.Waste oil Waste engine oil Pyrolitic distillation Diesel-like fuel