UTILIZING E-MAIL TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILL (A Classroom Action Research at the Eleventh Grade of SMK PGRI 6, Ngawi in the Academic Year of 2010/2011)

TRI YULIWATI S 890809214, 2009. Utilizing E-Mail to Improve Students’ Writing Skill” (A Classroom Action Research at the Eleventh Grade of SMK PGRI 6, Ngawi in the Academic Year of 2010/2011). A thesis: English Education Department, Graduate School, Sebelas Maret University, 2011. The objectives of this research are to: (1) identify whether or not and to what extent utilizing e-mail is able to improve the students’ writing skill: and (2) describe the situation when e-mail is applied in the writing class. In this research, the problem refers to the teaching and learning English, especially their writing skill which is still low. The research methodology applied in this research is action research with two cycles in which each cycle consists of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The data collected are the qualitative data and quantitative data. The qualitative data are collected from observation, interview, questionnaire, and document. The quantitative data are collected from pre-test in pre-research, test in Cycle 1, and post test in Cycle 2. The qualitative data are analyzed by Constant Comparative Method and the quantitative data are analyzed by descriptive statistics. The finding of the research shows that utilizing e-mail in teaching and learning process can improve: (1) students’ writing skill. The improvement of writing skill could be seen from these indicators, students were able to: (a) use punctuation and capital letter; (b) select appropriate vocabulary; (c) make sentences grammatically; (d) make supporting details; and (e) organize writing. It could be seen from the collected data, the students had obtained better score from Cycle 1 to Cycle 2. The mean score increased from 45.73 in the pre-test to 66.04 in the test of Cycle 1 and to 74.27 in the post test of Cycle 2. The minimum score of English lesson was 65.00: (2) class situation: (a) the students paid full attention to the teacher’s explanation; (b) the students are able to do the homework actively; (c) the students talk each other when they had to discuss in their group dealing with the material given by the teacher; (d) nobody asks for permission to the teacher to go to the bathroom as the reason just to get out of the class; and (e) the students take a part in teaching and learning actively. Utilizing e-mail has succeeded in improving the students’ writing skill; the researcher would like to propose some suggestions for the English teachers, especially those who teach in vocational school to: (1) utilize e-mail as one of the techniques to improve students’ writing skill; (2) learn how to enhance their ability in teaching; and (3) facilitate the students to practice English writing in order that the students are accustomed to make English writing tex

KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN CERITA PENDEK MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STUDENT TEAM ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION (STAD) PADA SISWA MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH

Background in this research is learning comprehension reading never increase because using conventional method. The formulation of the problem in this research is 1) How is the model of cooperative learning model Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) can improve students ability in reading comprehension of short story?; and 2) How is the result of improving students ability in reading comprehension of short story by using STAD type cooperative learning model ?. The research method used is Classroom Action Research (PTK). Technique of collecting data in this research use Observation and test. The conclusion of the research result shows that the application of Cooperative STAD type learning model can improve reading comprehension ability in the students of Grade V of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Hijriyah 6 Palembang. In cycle 1 only 4 people (13.33%) of the students who complete the value of KKM 75, and the remaining 26 people (86.67%) did not reach KKM 75. In cycle II showed that 18 people (60.00%) students who (KKM 75) did not reach KKM 75. In the third cycle, the students who complete the KKM 75 score of 29 (96.67) and the rest only 1 person (3.33 %) did not reach KKM 75. This means that the achievement rate of learning achievement of 85% is categorized as successful and does not need further action of the next cycle. Keywords: reading comprehension, STAD type cooperative learning model, short stor

Peran Budaya Organisasional Memoderasi Pengaruh Motivasi Intrinsik dan Kompetensi Pedagogik terhadap Kinerja Guru (Studi pada Guru SMP Se Karangdadap di Kecamatan Karangdadap Kabupaten Pekalongan)

This study aims to know how influence intrinsic motivation on teacher performance, howinfluence pedagogic competence influence on teacher performance, how influence culture roleorganizational influence on teacher performance, how influence culture role organizational notmoderation intrinsic motivation impact on teacher performance, and how influence culture roleorganizational not moderation pedagogic competence impact on teacher performance. In thisstudy population on Teacher in Karangdadap Subdistrict Regency Pekalongan, while the samplesused as many 105 people as respondents to the cencus technique. Data were analyzed usingmultiple regression analysiS. Results of the study can be summarized as follows intrinsicmotivation not influence on teacher performance, pedagogic competence influence on teacherperformance, culture role organizational influence on teacher performance, culture roleorganizational not moderation intrinsic motivation impact on teacher performance, and, culturerole organizational not moderation pedagogic competence impact on teacher performance

PENGARUH PROSES AKTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA ADSORBEN ORGANIK DARI KULIT BUAH MELON DALAM MENYERAP ION LOGAM Cr(III) DARI LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI

Logam berat Cr(III) termasuk polutan yang membahayakan kesehatan manusia dan mahkluk biotik lainnya sehingga limbah industri yang mengandung logam tersebut harus melalui proses pengolahan intensif sebelum dialirkan ke pembuangan akhir, salah satunya melalui proses adsorpsi. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan adsorpsi ion Cr(III) menggunakan adsorbent yang terbuat dari kulit buah melon sehingga bernilai ekonomis tinggi. Perbandingan perlakuan aktivasi yang terdiri dari aktivasi secara kimia menggunakan KOH, H3PO4, NaOH, dan ZnCl2, aktivasi secara fisika melalui karbonisasi pada temperatur yang bervariasi (200, 300, dan 400 °C) dan aktivasi hybrid dianalisa dan dideskripsikan dengan jelas. Selanjutnya, didapatkan beberapa poin utama yaitu adsorbent yang mendapat perlakuan aktivasi ganda menghasilkan nilai efisiensi penurunan konsentrasi polutan yang lebih tinggi dibanding aktivasi tunggal, aktivasi kimia dengan KOH dan H3PO4 bersifat lebih reaktif di banding menggunakan NaOH dan ZnCl2, sedangkan peningkatan temperatur karbonisasi berbanding lurus dengan laju peningkatan nilai efisiensi penyerapan Cr(III)

Struktur Analisis Sintesis dalam Contextual Teaching pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris di SDN Cibubur 10 Jakarta Timur

Proses pembelajaran keterampilan berbahasa Inggris umumnya tidak terintegrasi secara tepat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi proses belajar mengajar Bahasa Inggris yang sukses dengan metode Structural, Analytic and Syntactic Process (SAS) dalam pendekatan Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL) di SDN 10 Cibubur Jakarta Timur. Proses structural adalah membaca kalimat dengan bantuan gambar, kemudian, kalimat-kalimat itu dipisahkan menjadi kata-kata dan juga suku kata sebagai bagian dari Analytic. Syntactic Process adalah untuk menggabungkan suku kata menjadi kata-kata dan kalimat. Selanjutnya, CTL adalah pendekatan pembelajaran yang mencakup beberapa tahap proses yang dimulai dengan pengaktifan pengetahuan yang sudah dikuasai, pembelajaran dalam rangka memperoleh dan mengembangkan pengetahuan baru, Pemahaman pengetahuan yang tidak hanya menghafalnya tetapi dipahami dan diyakini, menerapkan atau mempraktikkan pengetahuan untuk mengetahui perubahan perilaku sebagai pengalaman perilaku dan melakukan refleksi pengetahuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode etnografi terhadap siswa kelas II Sekolah Dasar Negeri 10 Cibubur Jakarta Timur. Strategi penyelidikan penelitian melibatkan domain, taksonomi, komponen dan budaya.Hasil dari penelitian adalah pertama, guru sebagai konsep tor mampu lebih kreatif untuk mentransfer materi topik pelajaran menggunakan beragam peralatan mengajar untuk membuat siswa tertarik dan termotivasi untuk mengekspresikan apa yang ada dalam pikiran mereka seperti dalam target bahasa. Kedua, Kurikulum dikembangkan berdasarkan kebutuhan siswa yang kontekstual dari beberapa sumber buku, kartu bergambar dan ensiklopedia. Ketiga, proses belajar mengajar tidak hanya dilakukan di kelas tetapi di ruang lain seperti perpustakaan, laboratorium bahasa, akses multimedia bahkan di kantin untuk mendukung kontekstual topik materi pelajaran. Kata kunci: kurikulum, lingkungan bahasa, pembelajaran, pengajaran kontekstual, sas

Adsorption Analysis of Activated Carbon from Rice Husk and Kepok Banana (Saba Banana) Peel for Treating Ogan River Water

Ogan river has been utilized as source of raw water for various purposes. The quality of water needs to be monitored continuously. Nowadays, the Ogan River was polluted by household waste and industrial wastewater. This study aims to obtain a better adsorber of rice husks or kepok banana peels activated carbon for treating the Ogan river. Activated carbon is used in different states of applications after its discovery as a robust and reliable is adsorbent. The used method to produces activated carbon is pyrolysis, physical-chemical activation, and steam pyrolysis from agricultural waste materials, e.g., rice husk, palm oil shell, and banana peels. Activated carbon is applied in water treatment, significantly to reduce total suspended solids, pH, and heavy metal (iron) of the Ogan river. In this study, rice husk and kepok banana peels activated carbon were produced using chemical activation with H3PO4 0.1 N 20% at a temperature of 450 oC. The morphological and performance test was conducted on prepared activated carbon. The top surface area of both activated carbon was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The mean pore size was calculated to describe the adsorption process of the ogan river, which indicated total suspended solids (TSS) and iron (Fe) concentration, then pH value. The results showed that kepok banana peels activated carbon reduced TSS levels of 79.3 to 48.2 mg/L, decreased Fe concentration of 0.63 to 0.07 mg/L, and increased pH value of 5.94 to 7.89. Meanwhile, the adsorption using activated carbon of rice husk could reduce TSS concentration of 79.3 to 36.1 mg/L, decrease Fe concentration of 0.63 to 0.01 mg/L and increase the pH value increased from 5.94 to 7.16. It was concluded that the activated carbon of rice husks has better performance than kepok banana peels

OPTIMASI KONDISI PROSES PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI KELAPA SAWIT

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan kondisi proses optimum pengolahan limbah cair industri kelapa sawit dengan menggunakan response surface methodology (RSM) yang terdiri dari 4 tahapan yaitu  membuat rancangan percobaan, model fitting, optimasi dan verifikasi. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan 23 full factorial design  dengan 28 run yang terdiri dari 18 run pada level dua (-1/+1), 6 run star points dan 4 run replikasi pada center points (0). Model fitting untuk persamaan pada polinomial tingkat empat (fourth-order polynomial) dibentuk untuk menggambarkan goodness-of-fit. Respon beberapa variabel yaitu air bubble flow rate (ABFR), hydraulic retention time (HRT), mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS), and pH , digunakan untuk mendapatkan nilai optimum kondisi proses filtrasi, nilai maksimum pemisahan total suspended solids (TSS) dan ammonium nitrogen (NH3-N). Hasil RSM menunjukkan nilai optimum kondisi proses filtrasi untuk memisahkan TSS sebesar 99.63% dan NH3-N sebesar 92.82 % dengan ABFR pada 2.25 ml/min, HRT pada 276.93 min, MLSS concentration pada 4.50 g/L, and pH pada 6.50. Variabel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini mempengaruhi proses pemisahan secara signifikan untuk TSS dan ammonium nitrogen dengan nilai ANOVA dari R2 sebesar 0,9974 dan 0,999. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa sebuah pendekatan matematis dapat digunakan untuk menggambarkan kondisi secara teori dan dapat diverifikasi dengan baik

PEMBUATAN TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI

Perkembangan sektor industri yang sangat pesat tidak hanya memberikan sisi positif terhadap perkembangan perekonomian, kemajuan sosial serta teknologi bagi masyarakat, namun juga hasil samping berupa berbagai limbah termasuk limbah cair yang pada umumnya masih mengandung sejumlah partikel polutan yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan manusia dan kelestarian lingkungan serta ekosistem. Dengan demikian, teknologi pengolahan yang tepat harus diberikan sebagai perlakuan pada limbah sebelum dialirkan ke tempat pembuangan akhir. Filtrasi membran, adsorpsi, proses oksidasi, koagulasi, flokulasi, dan pemanfaatan mikroorganisme secara biologi adalah beberapa contoh teknologi yang dapat diterapkan untuk meningkatkan kualitas air limbah. Sebagaimana yang dibahas didalam artikel ini sehingga dapat memberikan gambaran ringkas mengenai beberapa teknologi yang tersedia dan dapat diapikasikan pada limbah cair hasil proses industri

A-STATE-OF-ART REVIEW ON ADDITIVES FUNCTION ON POLYMERIC MEMBRANE PERFORMANCE FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT

In this article, the recent development of polymeric membrane fabrication using additive for wastewater treatment is presented. The application of this substance has been recognized reliable to increase membrane performance against fouling phenomenon, especially for purifying industrial wastewaters that mostly have high loading of hazardous pollutants. The effects of modification techniques through additives addition on membrane casting solution are considerably included. This paper also discusses membrane fouling mechanism and other existing technologies available for treating contaminated water. Despite the existence of review paper discussing membrane fouling mitigation on literature, there is still the need of comprehensive review related to the novel technology regarding additive blending on membrane, especially on polymer-based membrane for water pollution control. Eventually, clear conclusion can be drawn that the suitability of additive substances and its composition as well as suitable operating conditions have great leverage on polymeric membrane performance regarding its anti-fouling and hydrophilic level

REKAYASA SYSTEM TEKNOLOGI SEMI KONTINYU UNTUK PEMBUATAN BIO-DIESEL DARI MINYAK JARAK DAN CPO

One of the alternative for fosil replacing is biodisel which is produced from standard material like palm oil and sawit mentah. From the BPPT experiment, excessise biodisel has octan number to the piston machine, free sulfur, and produce a minimum smoke. So that, it is necessary to have methode due to a biodisel productcessary to have methode due to a biodisel production from CPO and jarak oil, in order to make manufacturing process in an eficient way. It is con an eficient way. It is considered that we hnsidered that we have to design biodisel manufacturing technology system continuously, which produced biodisel convertion higher. The experiment uses a standard material from  PT PN VII. A standard material that fulfill the SNI. The result of biodisel redemen comparison analysis,with batch process, and produced 70% in spce, 82% in CPO. The next process from jarak oil produced 89%  and 93% from CPO