Uso de drones como Tecnologia pedagogica em disciplinas steam : um enfoque voltado ao aprendizado significativo com metodologias ativas

Vislumbra-se na atualidade uma escassez de profissionais na área de exatas. Entra aí a importância do ensino em áreas STEAM (acrônimo do Inglês Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics) com intuito de impulsionar o processo criativo, o pensamento crítico, a investigação e a experimentação por meio da educação científica. Buscando meios de motivar esse engajamento, verificou-se que no Brasil e no mundo os drones estão se tornando uma realidade cada vez mais presente, com inúmeras aplicações na área civil. Entretanto, mesmo com o surgimento de drones comerciais com fins didáticos, são escassos estudos científicos de tal aplicação no ambiente pedagógico e sua inserção é ainda praticamente nula no ambiente escolar. Assim, este estudo visa a análise da viabilidade do uso de um conjunto de tecnologias baseado em drones, pensadas com base em aspectos de aprendizagem significativa mediante metodologia ABP (Aprendizado Baseado em Problemas). O estudo foi realizado com alunos de um curso de técnico em informática integrado ao ensino médio de uma instituição pública federal. A pesquisa seguiu uma linha de análise quali-quanti, na qual os dados foram coletados a partir dos resultados obtidos em um pré e um pós-teste – sobre os quais foram efetuadas análises com estatística descritiva – além de gravações dos alunos durante as intervenções, observações realizadas pelo pesquisador e uma entrevista coletiva semiestruturada – sobre as quais incidiram análises qualitativas. Ao final foi realizada uma triangulação entre as metodologias, buscando aspectos congruentes entre as diferentes técnicas utilizadas que pudessem fornecer resposta à questão deste estudo. Como resultado, constatou-se que as oficinas ministradas pela metodologia ABP em associação com a plataforma baseada em drones auxiliaram na compreensão, construção e interpretação do conteúdo abordado, possibilitando concluir favoravelmente à questão central deste trabalho, de que há uma relação significativa entre o uso do conjunto tecnológico proposto no processo pedagógico e a possibilidade de aprendizado significativo em áreas STEAM pelos estudantes.Currently, there is a shortage of professionals in the exact area. Here comes the importance of teaching in STEAM areas (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics) to boost the creative process, critical thinking, research and experimentation through science education. Seeking ways to motivate this engagement, it was found that in Brazil and the world, drones are becoming an increasingly present reality, with numerous applications in the civil area. However, even with the emergence of commercial drones for educational purposes, there are few scientific studies of such application in the educational environment and their insertion is still practically nil in the school environment. Thus, this study aims to analyze the feasibility of using a set of technologies based on drones, thought based on aspects of significant learning by solving problems using the PBL (Problem Based Learning) methodology. The study was carried out with students from a computer technician course integrated with high school at a federal public institution. The study was carried out with students of a computer technician course integrated with the high school of a federal public institution. The research followed a line of quali-quantitative analysis, in which the data were collected from the results obtained in a pre and a post-test - on which analyzes were performed with descriptive statistics; in addition to student recordings during the interventions, observations made by the researcher and a semi-structured interview - on which qualitative analyzes were focused. Finally, a triangulation between the methodologies was carried out, looking for congruent aspects between the different techniques used that could provide an answer to the question of this study. As a result, it was found that the workshops given by the PBL methodology in association with the platform based on drones helped in the understanding, construction and interpretation of the content covered, allowing to conclude favorably to the central question of this work, that there is a significant relationship between the use the technological set proposed in the pedagogical process and the possibility of significant learning in STEAM areas by students

Robótica Educativa: Drones e Novas Perspectivas

Este trabalho, apresenta um levantamento realizado visando identificar o uso de drones em atividades de robótica educativa em disciplinas STEM. Após ampla pesquisa bibliográfica, compreendendo estudos publicados de 2014 até 2018, confirmouse a quase ausência do uso dessa tecnologia na área pedagógica, limitando-se, na maioria dos casos, ao uso de drones como ferramentas para captura de imagens ou vídeos para subsidiar temas de disciplinas diversas, ou para ensino específico sobre drones. Contudo, verificou-se que a área comercial já detectou esse nicho e oferta algumas plataformas com drones contendo recursos interessantes, cabendo à área acadêmica desenvolver estudos que comprovem a viabilidade do uso pedagógico desses equipamentos bem como suas reais potencialidades e possibilidades

Protótipo de Veículo Aéreo Não Tripulado para Monitoramento Ambiental e Apoio a Missões USAR

O presente trabalho apresenta o estágio atual do processo de construção de um VANT (Veículo Aéreo Não Tripulado) com características autônomas, a fim de auxiliar o Corpo de Bombeiros em situações de controle ambiental e em missões do tipo USAR, sendo capaz de operar em locais de difícil acesso e realizar o monitoramento e fiscalização sem controle humano

Pion, kaon, proton and anti-proton transverse momentum distributions from p+p and d+Au collisions at sNN=200\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200 GeV

Identified mid-rapidity particle spectra of $\pi^{\pm}$, $K^{\pm}$, and $p(\bar{p})$ from 200 GeV p+p and d+Au collisions are reported. A time-of-flight detector based on multi-gap resistive plate chamber technology is used for particle identification. The particle-species dependence of the Cronin effect is observed to be significantly smaller than that at lower energies. The ratio of the nuclear modification factor ($R_{dAu}$) between protons $(p+\bar{p})$ and charged hadrons ($h$) in the transverse momentum range $1.2<{p_{T}}<3.0$ GeV/c is measured to be $1.19\pm0.05$(stat)$\pm0.03$(syst) in minimum-bias collisions and shows little centrality dependence. The yield ratio of $(p+\bar{p})/h$ in minimum-bias d+Au collisions is found to be a factor of 2 lower than that in Au+Au collisions, indicating that the Cronin effect alone is not enough to account for the relative baryon enhancement observed in heavy ion collisions at RHIC.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. We extended the pion spectra from transverse momentum 1.8 GeV/c to 3. GeV/

Demonstration of the temporal matter-wave Talbot effect for trapped matter waves

We demonstrate the temporal Talbot effect for trapped matter waves using ultracold atoms in an optical lattice. We investigate the phase evolution of an array of essentially non-interacting matter waves and observe matter-wave collapse and revival in the form of a Talbot interference pattern. By using long expansion times, we image momentum space with sub-recoil resolution, allowing us to observe fractional Talbot fringes up to 10th order.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figure

Azimuthal anisotropy at RHIC: the first and fourth harmonics

We report the first observations of the first harmonic (directed flow, v_1), and the fourth harmonic (v_4), in the azimuthal distribution of particles with respect to the reaction plane in Au+Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Both measurements were done taking advantage of the large elliptic flow (v_2) generated at RHIC. From the correlation of v_2 with v_1 it is determined that v_2 is positive, or {\it in-plane}. The integrated v_4 is about a factor of 10 smaller than v_2. For the sixth (v_6) and eighth (v_8) harmonics upper limits on the magnitudes are reported.Comment: 6 pages with 3 figures, as accepted for Phys. Rev. Letters The data tables are at http://www.star.bnl.gov/central/publications/pubDetail.php?id=3

Mid-rapidity anti-proton to proton ratio from Au+Au collisions at sNN=130 \sqrt{s_{NN}} = 130 GeV

We report results on the ratio of mid-rapidity anti-proton to proton yields in Au+Au collisions at \rts = 130 GeV per nucleon pair as measured by the STAR experiment at RHIC. Within the rapidity and transverse momentum range of $|y|<0.5$ and 0.4 $<p_t<$ 1.0 GeV/$c$, the ratio is essentially independent of either transverse momentum or rapidity, with an average of $0.65\pm 0.01_{\rm (stat.)} \pm 0.07_{\rm (syst.)}$ for minimum bias collisions. Within errors, no strong centrality dependence is observed. The results indicate that at this RHIC energy, although the $p$-\pb pair production becomes important at mid-rapidity, a significant excess of baryons over anti-baryons is still present.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted by Phys. Rev. Let

Transverse-momentum ptp_t correlations on (η,ϕ)(\eta,\phi) from mean-ptp_{t} fluctuations in Au-Au collisions at sNN=\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200 GeV

We present first measurements of the pseudorapidity and azimuth $(\eta,\phi)$ bin-size dependence of event-wise mean transverse momentum $$ fluctuations for Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV. We invert that dependence to obtain $p_t$ autocorrelations on differences $(\eta_\Delta,\phi_\Delta)$ interpreted to represent velocity/temperature distributions on ($\eta,\phi$). The general form of the autocorrelations suggests that the basic correlation mechanism is parton fragmentation. The autocorrelations vary strongly with collision centrality, which suggests that fragmentation is strongly modified by a dissipative medium in the more central Au-Au collisions relative to peripheral or p-p collisions. \\Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure

Early mobilisation in critically ill COVID-19 patients: a subanalysis of the ESICM-initiated UNITE-COVID observational study

Background Early mobilisation (EM) is an intervention that may improve the outcome of critically ill patients. There is limited data on EM in COVID-19 patients and its use during the first pandemic wave. Methods This is a pre-planned subanalysis of the ESICM UNITE-COVID, an international multicenter observational study involving critically ill COVID-19 patients in the ICU between February 15th and May 15th, 2020. We analysed variables associated with the initiation of EM (within 72 h of ICU admission) and explored the impact of EM on mortality, ICU and hospital length of stay, as well as discharge location. Statistical analyses were done using (generalised) linear mixed-effect models and ANOVAs. Results Mobilisation data from 4190 patients from 280 ICUs in 45 countries were analysed. 1114 (26.6%) of these patients received mobilisation within 72 h after ICU admission; 3076 (73.4%) did not. In our analysis of factors associated with EM, mechanical ventilation at admission (OR 0.29; 95% CI 0.25, 0.35; p = 0.001), higher age (OR 0.99; 95% CI 0.98, 1.00; p ≤ 0.001), pre-existing asthma (OR 0.84; 95% CI 0.73, 0.98; p = 0.028), and pre-existing kidney disease (OR 0.84; 95% CI 0.71, 0.99; p = 0.036) were negatively associated with the initiation of EM. EM was associated with a higher chance of being discharged home (OR 1.31; 95% CI 1.08, 1.58; p = 0.007) but was not associated with length of stay in ICU (adj. difference 0.91 days; 95% CI − 0.47, 1.37, p = 0.34) and hospital (adj. difference 1.4 days; 95% CI − 0.62, 2.35, p = 0.24) or mortality (OR 0.88; 95% CI 0.7, 1.09, p = 0.24) when adjusted for covariates. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that a quarter of COVID-19 patients received EM. There was no association found between EM in COVID-19 patients' ICU and hospital length of stay or mortality. However, EM in COVID-19 patients was associated with increased odds of being discharged home rather than to a care facility. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04836065 (retrospectively registered April 8th 2021)

Uso de Visão Computacional para Controle Autônomo de Câmera Embarcada em Veículo Aéreo não Tripulado

Este trabalho descreve o estágio atual de desenvolvimento de um VANT com câmera controlada por visão computacional para rastrear objetos em movimento. A câmera ligada a um VANT é movida por dois servomotores conectados a um controlador compatível com a plataforma Arduino e, por meio da OpenCV, realiza seu reposicionamento e o controle do VANT