On the subject of the Ba overabundance in the open clusters stars

For eight distant open clusters, namely Ruprecht 4, Ruprecht 7, Berkeley 25, Berkeley 73, Berkeley 75, NGC 6192, NGC 6404, and NGC 6583, we determined the yttrium and barium abundances using the UVES, VLT spectra (ESO, Chile). The stars of one young cluster (Ruprecht 7) demonstrate significant barium overabundance( 3c0.55 dex) that can not be due to the determination error. We have considered the Ba abundance determination errors due to LTE approach, saturation of the lines, synthetic and observed barium line fitting, and the causes of the Ba overabundance associated with the Galactic disc enrichment or the origin of open clusters. Possible explanation for this overabundance can be the origin of n-capture elements enrichment of the clusters (galactic or extragalactic) or additional sources of the Ba production

Barium and Yttrium abundance in intermediate-age and old open clusters

Barium is a neutron capture element, that, in open clusters, is frequently over-abundant with respect to the Iron. A clear explanation for this is still missing. Additionally, its gradient across the Galactic disk is poorly constrained. We measure the abundance of yttrium and barium using the synthetic spectrum method from UVES high-resolution spectra of eight distant open clusters, namely Ruprecht 4, Ruprecht 7, Berkeley 25, Berkeley 73, Berkeley 75, NGC 6192, NGC 6404, and NGC 6583. The barium abundance was estimated using NLTE approximation. We confirm that Barium is indeed over-abundant in most clusters, especially young clusters. Finally, we investigated the trend of yttrium and barium abundances as a function of distance in the Galaxy and ages. Several scenarios for the barium over-abundance are then discussed.Comment: 9 pages, 10 figure

Constitution and legal status of judges of courts of general jurisdiction

Розглянуті основні визначення конституційно-правового статусу суддів судів загальної юрисдикції. Зроблені висновки та пропозиції щодо удосконалення правового регулювання в цій сфері.The basic concept of the constitutional and legal status of judges of courts of general jurisdiction. The conclusions and proposals for improvement of legal regulation in this area are made.Рассмотрены основные понятия конституционно-правового статуса судей судов общей юрисдикции. Сделаны выводы и предложения по усовершенствованию правового регулирования в данной сфере

EAS spectrum in the primary energy region above 10 to the 15th power eV by the Akeno and Yakutsk array data

The extensive air showers spectrum on scintillation desity Rko in primary energy region E sub approx. 10 to the 15th power - 10 to the 20th power eV on the Yakutsk array data and recent results of the Akeno is given

The use of the method of base diagrams for predicting the long-term strength under static and cyclic loading

It is shown that the experience of processing the large amounts of experimental data on the long-term strength of heat-resistant steels and alloys using the method of base diagrams, which were obtained from testing of smooth specimens, can be used effectively for proper processing of test results for notched specimens. Extensive research has been carried out in order to find an appropriate combination of a lifetime prediction rule and a suitable constitutive model to give a reliable prediction of lifetime in idealized creep-rupture-low cycle fatigue interaction conditions

The structure and dynamics of the AC114 galaxy cluster revisited

We present a dynamical analysis of the galaxy cluster AC114 based on a catalogue of 524 velocities. Of these, 169 (32%) are newly obtained at ESO (Chile) with the VLT and the VIMOS spectrograph. Data on individual galaxies are presented and the accuracy of the measured velocities is discussed. Dynamical properties of the cluster are derived. We obtain an improved mean redshift value z= 0.31665 +/- 0.0008 and velocity dispersion \sigma= 1893+73-82 \kms. A large velocity dispersion within the core radius and the shape of the infall pattern suggests that this part of the cluster is in a radial phase of relaxation with a very elongated radial filament spanning 12000 \kms. A radial foreground structure is detected within the central 0.5/h Mpc radius, recognizable as a redshift group at the same central redshift value. We analyze the color distribution for this archetype Butcher-Oemler galaxy cluster and identify the separate red and blue galaxy sequences. The latter subset contains 44% of confirmed members of the cluster, reaching magnitudes as faint as R_{f}= 21.1 (1.0 magnitude fainter than previous studies). We derive a mass M_{200}= (4.3 \pm 0.7) x 10^15 Msun/h. In a subsequent paper we will utilize the spectral data presented here to explore the mass-metallicity relation for this intermediate redshift cluster.Comment: 17 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in MNRA

Validation of methods for quality control of cleaning the pharmaceutical equipment

При производстве лекарств важнейшим требованием надлежащей производственной практики (GMP) является очистка оборудования, которая проводится для предотвращения его перекрестной контаминации при переходе от одного лекарственного препарата к другому. В результате исследования разработан теоретический подход для определения основной метрологической характеристики аналитической методики контроля качества очистки оборудования - максимально допустимой неопределенности результата измерения, основанный на требовании к ПКО, в соответствии с принципом незначимости, и валидационных критериев проверки линейности, а именно требования к коэффициенту корреляции, угловому коэффициенту и свободному члену линейной регрессии. Возможности данного подхода рассмотрены на примере способа определения остаточных количеств деквалиния хлорида на поверхностях фармацевтического оборудования методом высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии. Разработанная методика валидирована по следующим показателям: специфичность, линейность градуировочного графика, точность, предел количественного определения. Установлено, что предложенная методика характеризуется удовлетворительной линейностью градуировочного графика в диапазоне концентраций от 0.05 мкг/мл до 0.75 мкг/мл, а чувствительность методики позволяет количественно определять до 0.08 мкг/мл аналита, что составляет 16 % от предельно допустимого содержания остаточного количества деквалиния хлорида на оборудовании после его очистки. Показано, что данная методика позволяет получать правильные результаты, что характеризуется статистически незначимой систематической погрешностью.During the production of drugs, the essential requirement of good manufacturing practice (GMP) is cleaning of the equipment, which is performed to prevent the cross contamination when switching from one drug to another. The current study developed a theoretical approach to determine the basic metrological characteristics of analytical quality control methods for cleaning the equipment - the maximum permissible uncertainty of the measurement result based on the demand for LOQ in accordance with the principle of insignificance, and the validation of tests for linearity, namely the requirements for the correlation coefficient, slope and free terms of linear regression. The approach to establish acceptability criteria in the creation and validation of the analytical quality control methods for the cleaning of the production pharmaceutical equipment is considered, and is based on the use of the HPLC method for the determination of dequalinium chloride residual quantities on the pharmaceutical equipment surfaces. The developed method was validated on the following parameters: specificity, linearity, precision, limit of quantification. It was found that the proposed method is characterized by the proper linearity within the concentration range of 0.05 µg/ml - 0.75 µg/ml, and that the method’s sensitivity allows quantifying 0.08 mg/mL of the analyte, which is 16 % of the maximum allowable amount of dequalinium chloride residual after the cleaning of the equipment surfaces. It was shown that the proposed method allows obtaining correct results and is characterized by statistically insignificant errors

DETERMINATION OF PROPIONIC ACID AND ITS SALTS IN BAKERY PRODUCTS

The conditions and parameters of chromatography were selected for the quantitative determination of propionic acid and its salts in bakery products using high-performance liquid chromatography. Validation studies of the developed measurement technique confirmed its suitability for determining the content of propionic acid and its salts in bakery products in the range from 200 to 3000 mg/kg. It was shown that in 25% of the samples of smallpiece bakery products, lamb products and donuts we examined, an excess of the maximum permissible level of propionic acid and its salts was found

CP violating neutrino oscillation and uncertainties in Earth matter density

We propose a statistical formulation to estimate possible errors in long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments caused by uncertainties in the Earth matter density. A quantitative investigation of the effect is made on the CP asymmetry in future neutrino factory experiments.Comment: Latex, 10 pages, 5 figure