Estimation of bremsstrahlung photon fluence from aluminum by artificial neural network

Background: As bremsstrahlung photon beam fluence is important parameter to be known in a photonuclear reaction experiment as the number of produced particle is strongly depends on photon fluence. Materials and Methods: Photon production yield from different thickness of aluminum target has been estimated using artificial neural network (ANN) model. Target thickness and incoming electron energy has been used as input in ANN model and the photon fluence was output. Results: The results were estimated using ANN model for three different thickness and compared with the results obtained by EGS (Electron Gamma Shower) simulation. Conclusion: It can be concluded from this work that the bremsstrahlung photon fluence can be obtained using ANN model

Comparison of health-related quality of life and exercise capacity according to stages in patients with non-small cell lung cancer Küçük hücreli dışı akciǧer kanseri olan hastalarda evrelere göre yaşam kalitesi ve egzersiz kapasitesinin karşılaştırılması

Introduction: The aim of this study is to compare the exercise capacity and health-related quality of life parameters according to stages of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: Fifty-two patients (who are able to ambulate independently) with stage I-II (group early-stage, n= 17) and stage IIIA-IV NSCLC (group advanced-stage, n= 35) were included. Exercise capacity (six minute walking test), strength of the peripheral muscle (Back and Leg Dynamometer), performance status (Karnofsky performance status scale), health-related quality of life- HRQOL (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of life measure and Short Form-36 Health Survey), depression and anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) were evaluated. Results: No difference was found in age, body mass index, respiratory symptoms and the distribution of disease cell types between two groups (p> 0.05). In advanced-stage group, pulmonary function test values, peripheral muscle strength, walking distance and health-related quality of life scores especially the categories of functional capacity and pain were established significantly lower compared to early-stage group (p≤ 0.05). Depression and anxiety levels were confirmed to be similar between groups (p> 0.05). Conclusion: The exercise capacity of patients with advanced-stage NSCLC is lower due to reduced pulmonary functions and peripheral muscle strength compared to patients with early-stage NSCLC. Therefore, we can conclude that reduced exercise capacity negatively impacts functional categories of health related quality of life of patients with advanced-stage NSCLC

Comparison of health-related quality of life and exercise capacity according to stages in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

Introduction: The aim of this study is to compare the exercise capacity and health-related quality of life parameters according to stages of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: Fifty-two patients (who are able to ambulate independently) with stage I-II (group early-stage, n= 17) and stage IIIA-IV NSCLC (group advanced-stage, n= 35) were included. Exercise capacity (six minute walking test), strength of the peripheral muscle (Back and Leg Dynamometer), performance status (Karnofsky performance status scale), health-related quality of life- HRQOL (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of life measure and Short Form-36 Health Survey), depression and anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) were evaluated. Results: No difference was found in age, body mass index, respiratory symptoms and the distribution of disease cell types between two groups (p> 0.05). In advanced-stage group, pulmonary function test values, peripheral muscle strength, walking distance and health-related quality of life scores especially the categories of functional capacity and pain were established significantly lower compared to early-stage group (p≤ 0.05). Depression and anxiety levels were confirmed to be similar between groups (p> 0.05). Conclusion: The exercise capacity of patients with advanced-stage NSCLC is lower due to reduced pulmonary functions and peripheral muscle strength compared to patients with early-stage NSCLC. Therefore, we can conclude that reduced exercise capacity negatively impacts functional categories of health related quality of life of patients with advanced-stage NSCLC

Nutritional components of some fermented nonalcoholic beverages

Some of the best-known fermented nonalcoholic beverages are shalgam juice, boza, kefir, ayran (yogurt drink), and gilaburu juice. While the beverages, except kefir and ayran, are obtained from vegetables, fruits, and cereals, both ayran and kefir are made of milk. Shalgam juice, gilaburu juice, and ayran are the beverages produced by lactic acid fermentation. Boza and kefir are produced by both alcohol and lactic acid fermentation. The notion that the consumption of fermented nonalcoholic beverages is associated with health benefits is widespread; for example, it is known that they have antihypertensive and hypocholesterolemic effects. In this chapter, chemical composition and nutritive properties, manufacturing technologies, and health-promoting effects of some fermented beverages are summarized. © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved