Determination of parameters affecting kinetic and thermodynamic values for lead removal Using wastewater treatment plant sewage sludge ash

ABSTRACT. In this study, treatment of lead containing wastewater using sewage sludge ash obtained from the incineration unit in the domestic wastewater treatment plant in Gaziantep province in Turkey was investigated. The main purpose of the study is to determine the potential of using the treatment sludge ash, which comes out as waste in the treatment plant, in the treatment of wastewater of another industry. As a result of this study, the most suitable adsorption conditions were determined and focused on the kinetics of adsorption. In the experiments, the lead adsorption capacity of sewage sludge ash was determined as 122 mg g-1 at 0.5 g L-1 adsorbent concentration in wastewater containing 100 mg L-1 Pb2+ under optimum conditions. As a result of the research, it was determined that the adsorption reaction proceeds according to the pseudo second degree reaction and is suitable for the Langmuir isotherm. As thermodynamic constants, ΔH° = 7.407 kJ mol-1 and ΔS° = 33.25 J mol-1 were determined. As a result of this, it was determined that the adsorption reaction was endothermic, spontaneous and random, and adsorption was physical adsorption. The results show that sewage sludge ash can be used in the treatment of water containing high concentrations of Pb2+.     KEY WORDS: Adsorption, Heavy metal, Lead removal, Sewage sludge ash Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2022, 36(4), 935-948.                                                               DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i4.18                                                     &nbsp

Evaluating Fall Risk in Surgical Patients

Aim:Falls are a patient safety problem and cause physical, psychosocial, and economic problems in surgical patients during postoperative period. The aim of this research is to evaluate fall risk in patients in the perioperative period.Materials and Methods:This longitudinal research was conducted between May and August 2017, at thoracic and cardiovascular surgery clinics of a university hospital, with 50 patients who underwent planned surgery. Data were collected preoperatively, on the day of surgery and on the first postoperative day using a patient identification form and Itaki Fall Risk Scale. Statistical analysis was completed in the SPSS 20.0 program using descriptive analyses, Chi-square tests, and Spearman’s Rho.Results:It was determined that 48% of the patients had high fall risk preoperatively, 100% had high fall risk on the day of surgery and 82% had high fall risk on the first postoperative day. The fall risk in the surgical patients in the postoperative period was found to be higher than in the preoperative period (p<0.001). Preoperatively, it was determined that the fall risk in patients at the cardiovascular surgery clinic (78.9%) were higher than at the thoracic surgery clinics (29%) (p<0.05), and on the first postoperative day, there was a positive relationship between the fall risk and age (p<0.001).Conclusion:As a result of the research, it was found that the fall risk in surgical patients was high and increased in the postoperative period. We recommend that surgical nurses should take specific precautions for patients to prevent falls