Landslide Mapping and Susceptibility Assessment of Chittagong Hilly Areas, Bangladesh

Landslides are natural phenomena in mountainous areas that cause damage to properties and death to people around the world. In Bangladesh, landslides have caused enormous economic loss and casualty in Chittagong Hilly Areas (CHA). In this dissertation, a landslide inventory of CHA was prepared using Google Earth and field mapping. Google Earth-based mapping helped in recording landslides in inaccessible areas like forests. In contrast, field mapping helped in mapping landslides in accessible areas like areas near road networks. For absence data sampling of landslide susceptibility mapping, this research proposed the Mahalanobis distance (MD) based absence data sampling and compared it with the slope-based absence data sampling. Three Upazilas (subdistricts) of Rangamati district, Bangladesh was used as the study area. Fifteen landslide causal factors, including slope aspect, plan curvature, and geology, were used in the random forest model for landslide susceptibility mapping. The area under the success and prediction rate curves, statistical indices including the Kappa index, showed that both the absence data sampling method provided similar accuracy. But based on the Seed Cell Area Index (SCAI) MD based landslide susceptibility map was more consistent and did not overestimate the landslide susceptibility like the slope-based model. Finally, this study assessed the impact of three land use/land cover (LULC) scenarios: a. existing (2018); b. Proposed LULC (Planned); and c. Simulated (2028) LULC on landslide susceptibility of Rangamati municipality of Rangamati district. The random forest model was used, and it showed that high susceptibility zones would increase in both proposed and simulated LULC scenarios. It indicated that LULC change would increase the landslide susceptibility in the study area. The increase of landslide susceptibility is comparatively low in the proposed LULC, indicating the importance of implementing planned LULC in the study

Optimizing flame synthesis of carbon nanotubes: experimental and modelling perspectives

Synthesis of carbon nanotubes in flames has become highly attractive due to its rapid, inexpensive, and simple method of production. The study of flame synthesis of carbon nanotubes revolves around the control of flame and catalyst parameters to increase the synthesis efficiency and to produce high quality nanotubes. The control parameters include flame temperature, concentration of carbon source species, catalyst type, equivalence ratio, and fuel type. Carbon nanotubes which are produced with rapid growth rate and possess high degree of purity and alignment are often desired. The present study reviews various optimization techniques from the advanced studies of chemical vapour deposition which are applicable for the synthesis of nanotubes in flames. The water-assisted and catalyst free synthesis are seen as possible candidates to improve the growth rate, alignment, and purity of the synthesized nanotubes. The state-of-the-art of the flame synthesis modelling at particle and flame scales are reviewed. Based on the thorough review of the recent experimental findings related to the catalytic growth of nanotube, possible refinement of the existing particle scale model is discussed. The possibility of two-way coupling between the two scales in computational fluid dynamics may be a major contribution towards the optimization of the flame synthesis

Manado Cultural Heritage Centre dengan Konsep Neo-Futuristik dan Penerapan Teknologi

Culture heritage is the remain of legacy from past mostly a leftover, alteration, or continuation of a civilization that passed from past generation to the next generation in form of physical object (tangible), such as landscape, artefacts, building, monument and other kind of value form (intangible) for example, folklore or events, traditions, language, certain knowledge (ICOMOS, 2002). Indonesia as an archipelago nation, has 34 provinces, and vast diversity of cultures represented by each of those provinces. The province of North Sulawesi has its own vast history, information of culture and heritage back from prehistoric period until today. As the culture and heritage were part of history, they are meant to be remembered and preserved. Therefore, it is critically needed for a long lasting and perpetuate vessel of spaces, to be able to sustainably contain and retain the information of culture and heritage that can adapt over times and ages. This also keep the information to continuously pass on to the community which could help develop a better civilization in the future as they learn from the past. The analysis on this thesis starts with consider and determine the location site for the design planning. Then continued with analysis and evaluation of the selected site based on topography, typology, resources, sub climate, local vegetation, and accessibility. The result then become the basic of shapes, lines and the design concept consideration. The design aspect in neo-futurism which involved in architectural technology is chosen to realize the thesis initial aim and objectives. The final analysis is to evaluating and determine the spaces, area, and room based on the activities that would occur according to the design process. Keyword: Culture heritage, Sustainability, Adapt, Neo-futurism, Technology

Dialektika konsep dasar Psikologi Islam dan Barat

Dalam menghadapi dunia abad modern yang pragmatis ini, tuntutan akan hadirnya ilmu psikologi menjadi vital. Dalam kajian psikologi Islam, perlu membangun paradigma dan metodologi psikologi Islam. Karena saat ini, Barat menjadi pusat dalam dunia psikologi, yang hanya mengandalkan hasil riset empiris (aplikatif-empiris). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan mendasar antara psikologi Islam dan Barat. Kajian inimenggunakan studi pustaka deskriptif-analitis, menelaah karya para peneliti, jurnal-jurnal dan juga buku primer. Hasil kajian ini adalah mengungkap perbedaan mendasar antara Islam dan Barat: pertama, dalam Islam hakekat manusia adalah fitrah; kedua, esensi manusia adalah qalb; ketiga, manusia ditunjukkan dua jalan, keempat, manusia itu unik; dan kelima, ilmu itu tidak netral. Islam sebagai agama, memiliki paradigma dam metodologi tersendiri dalam psikologi yang memperhatikan aspek ruhani, akal dan keimanan

Antioxidant enzymes as bio-markers for copper tolerance in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

Activities of antioxidants enzymes were investigated in order to evaluate protective mechanism of plants against oxidative stress induced by high concentration of copper. Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) plants were exposed to 100 μM copper (Cu) for two weeks under controlled environmental conditions using hydroponic culture. Cu induced changes in chlorophyll and carotenoids pigments. More Cu accumulated in the roots as compared with the leaves. Level of lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzyme activities (peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase) also correlated with the Cu content of the plant tissues. However, restricted transfer of the metal to the foliage and enhanced activity of peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase may be of great significance for scavenging oxidative stress caused by excessive copper in safflower plants. Thus, these antioxidant enzymes served as good predictors for the evaluation of heavy metal tolerance.Keywords: Carthamus tinctorius, copper stress, oxidative damage, antioxidant defenseAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 9(33), pp. 5441-5444, 16 August, 201

PENGARUH PEMAHAMAN KODE ETIK, NILAI ETIS, PRINSIP MORAL DAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP PERILAKU ETIS (Studi Pada Kantor Akuntan Publik di Kota Malang)

The research aims to determine the effect of understanding the code of ethics, ethical values, moral principles and compensation on ethical behavior. The population of this research is the Public Accounting Firm (KAP) located in Malang. Sampling uses the Purposive Sampling method and there are 6 Public Accounting Firms (KAP) that fit the criteria. This study uses multiple linear regression models. In this study shows that understanding the code of ethics has a positive effect on ethical behavior. Ethical value has a positive effect on ethical behavior. Moral principles do not affect ethical behavior. Compensation has no effect on ethical behavior. Keywords : Understanding of the code of ethics, ethical values, moral principles, compensation, ethical behavior

Numerical evaluation of thermo-hydraulic performance in fin-and-tube compact heat exchangers with different tube cross-sections

This study examined numericallythe Thermal-hydrodynamic properties of airflow in the fin-and-tube compact heat exchangers (FTCHEs) with considering different shapes of tubes in lowReynoldsnumbers. The influence of applying flat, oval and circular tube adjustments on the thermal and hydraulic characteristics of air flow were analyzed on the in-line tube arrangements. Establishing standard conditions, the study compared different geometries based on circular tubes of 10.459 mm diameter tubes with 25.4 mm longitudinal pitches and 25.4 mm transverse pitches. The other geometries of tubes were assumed in a stable and constant state preparing the same heat transfer surface area per unit volume as that of the nominal case. The results showed that the FTCHE with flat tubes gives the best area goodness factor (j/f) with in a certainrange of Reynoldsnumbers. In addition, FTCHE with flat tubes shown the best thermo-hydraulic performance and a significant augmentation of up to 10.83% and 35.63% in the average area goodness factor achieved accompanied by a decrease in the average friction factor of 17.02% and 43.41% in the flat tube case compared to the oval and circle tube shapes, respectively. It is concluded that the average area goodness factorfor the oval tube is about 25.04% higher than that of the circular tube, while the average friction factor for the oval tube is about 26.9% lower than that of the circular tube. This means that the flat tube has a better-combined thermal-hydraulic performance than the oval and circle tube

Efficacy of an inactivated recombinant vaccine encoding a fimbrial protein of Pasteurella multocida B:2 against hemorrhagic septicemia in goats

This study was carried out to determine the antibody responses and protective capacity of an inactivated recombinant vaccine expressing the fimbrial protein of Pasteurella multocida B:2 following intranasal vaccination against hemorrhagic septicemia in goats. Goats were vaccinated intranasal with 106 CFU/mL of the recombinant vaccine (vaccinated group) and 106 CFU/mL of pET32/LIC vector without fimbrial protein (control group). All three groups were kept separated before all goats in the three groups were challenged with 109 CFU/mL of live pathogenic P. multocida B:2. During the course of study, both serum and lung lavage fluid were collected to evaluate the antibody levels via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. It was found that goats immunized with the inactivated recombinant vaccine developed a strong and significantly (p < 0.05) higher specific IgA and IgG responses in both serum and lung lavage fluid samples compared to the control and unvaccinated groups. Following intratracheal challenge, the rate of isolation was 17% for the vaccinated group, 67% for the control group and 100% for the unvaccinated group. However, none of the goat from the vaccinated group had P. multocida B:2 in the liver, tonsil and heart. Therefore, the study revealed that an inactivated recombinant vaccine significantly provides significant protection against high dose challenge and enhances the stimulation of the local and systemic immunities