Hormonal Changes in Pregnancy

Because of the time factor involved, it would be an impossible task to present the vast body of biochemical information accumulated during the last decade on the endocrine aspects of pregnancy. However, certain key points can be made concerning the feto-placental unit and the hormone levels and effects in normal gestation. These concepts will be discussed not merely for their academic value, but also as a base to evaluate our present diagnostic and therapeutic endeavors in obstetrical practice. With the audience’s indulgence, an occasional personal conjecture will be interjected concerning hormonal mechanisms and clinical practices

De los Diamantes Negros a las Mulatas de Ébano. Mujeres afroargentinas, arte y la construcción de espacios de negritud públicos en Buenos Aires (1950 a 1980)

This article focuses on the artistic trajectories of two Afro-Argentine women who led two Afro-Argentine musical groups based in Buenos Aires. Tina Lamadrid was the voice of “Los Diamantes Negros”, who performed during the 1950s and 1960s. Carmen Yannone, Tina’s niece, was the founder of “Las Mulatas de Ébano”, who performed with different formations from the late 1960s to the early 1990s. Following the trajectories of two generations of Afro-Argentine women thanks to oral memory, we propose not only to recount their lives and choices according to the constraints of race, class and gender they had to deal with, but also to review how, despite the extreme racism, sexism, stereotyping and foreignization they had to endure in that period, these musical shows opened up spaces that allowed blackness to be publicly reinstalled and discussed, and for Afro artists to reencounter it, organize Afrodiasporic exchange networks, chart professional trajectories, forge a representational place in the public sphere claiming authority and lay the foundations for the Afro activism that emerged in the country from the 1990s onwards.El presente artículo hace foco en las trayectorias artísticas de dos mujeres afroargentinas que lideraron dos conjuntos musicales afroargentinos. Tina Lamadrid era la voz de “Los Diamantes Negros”, cuyos shows se realizaban en Buenos Aires durante las décadas de 1950 y 1960. Carmen Yannone, sobrina de Tina, fue fundadora de “Las Mulatas de Ébano”, que actuaron con distintas formaciones desde fines de la década de 1960 hasta inicios de la década de 1990. Gracias a la memoria oral, proponemos no solo reponer la vida y las elecciones de dos mujeres representantes de distintas generaciones de afroargentinas según los constreñimientos de raza, clase y género con los que debían lidiar, sino también revisar cómo, a pesar del extremo racismo, sexismo, estereotipación y extranjerización que debían soportar en aquel período, estos espectáculos musicales abrieron espacios que permitieron reinstalar y conversar la negritud públicamente y que las artistas afro se reencontraran con ella, organizaran redes de intercambio afrodiaspórico, trazaran trayectorias profesionales, forjaran un lugar representacional en la esfera pública reclamando autoridad y sentaran las bases del activismo afro que surgió en el país a partir de la década de 1990

Afro argentinos de Buenos Aires no século XX. O processo de suburbanização

If Argentina defines itself as a “White-European” country, its capital, Buenos Aires, presents itself to the world as the epitome of Latin American Europeanness. In the twentieth century, its Whiteness was achieved in part through a process of suburbanization that involved the moving of the Afro-Argentines who lived in the center of the city to its margins or to the Greater Buenos Aires area. The objective of this article is to study this process of Afro-Argentine suburbanization, a topic that has not yet been investigated. We will follow the trajectories of three Afro-Argentine families throughout the last century, paying attention to the active role of state policies in their movements. We will also focus on how the families recall their ways of living in each period, generally shaped by poverty, and on how official policies affected communal practices of sociability that nevertheless endured. To do so, we will rely on archival documents, ethnographic work, and oral history.Si Argentina se define como un país “blanco-europeo”, su capital, Buenos Aires, se presenta al mundo como epítome de la europeidad latinoamericana. En el siglo XX, esa blanquitud fue abonada en parte por un proceso de traslado o suburbanización de los afroporteños que vivían en el centro de la ciudad hacia sus márgenes o hacia el Gran Buenos Aires (el cordón urbano que rodea la urbe). El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar dicho proceso de suburbanización afroporteña, un tema que no ha sido investigado hasta el momento. Para ello, seguiremos las trayectorias de tres familias afroporteñas a lo largo del siglo pasado, focalizando en dos ejes. Por un lado, en el papel activo que jugó el Estado en la conformación de estas trayectorias. Por el otro, en las vivencias familiares de cada etapa, en general ligadas con la pobreza, y cómo estas políticas estatales habrían afectado las prácticas de sociabilidad comunitaria, sin lograr que desapareciera. Para hacerlo, recurriremos a los archivos, al trabajo etnográfico y a la historia oral.Se a Argentina se define como um país “branco-europeio”, sua capital, Buenos Aires, apresenta-se ao mundo como epítome da europeidade latino-americana. No século XX, essa branquitude foi impulsada por um processo de traslado ou suburbanização dos afros portenhos que viviam no centro da cidade até os limites ou o Grande Buenos Aires (cordão urbano que rodeia a urbe). O objetivo deste artigo é estudar este processo de suburbanização afro portenha, um tema que não foi abordado até este momento. Para isso, realizaremos o seguimento da trajetória de três famílias afro portenhas ao longo do século passado, focando em dois eixos. Por um lado, no papel ativo que teve o Estado na conformação dessas trajetórias. Por outro lado, nas vivências familiares de cada etapa, geralmente conectadas com a pobreza e, como essas políticas estatais afetaram as práticas de sociabilidade comunitária, sem conseguir que desaparecessem. Para realizar esta análise utilizaremos o arquivo, o trabalho etnográfico e a história oral

Mujeres afroargentinas y el proyecto Certificar nuestra existencia. Una experiencia de trabajo multidisciplinar en Ciudad Evita (Gran Buenos Aires) // Afro-Argentine Women and the Research Project Certifying our Existence. A multidisciplinary research...

The article introduces the multidisciplinary research project titled Certifying our Existence carried out by TES, Association of Women of African Descent in Argentina, in 2016. Its main objective was to know about the life of Afro-Argentine women from the area. This is a pioneering work in Argentina because of its methodology and because it focuses on a group considered no longer existent in the country. The research made use of qualitative methodology- art and anthropology- and also of quantitative methodology- surveys and statistical data. It centers on the different stages of the research process and presents preliminary results.Este trabajo presenta los primeros resultados de la investigación Certificar nuestra existencia, llevada a cabo por la Asociación de Mujeres Afrodescendientes en la Argentina durante el año 2016 en La Matanza. Su objetivo era conocer acerca de la vida de las mujeres afrodescendientes de la zona. El proyecto es pionero en el país porque focaliza en un grupo que se considera “desparecido”, y por su metodología. Se utilizaron métodos cualitativos –arte y antropología– y cuantitativos –toma de encuestas– para realizar un abordaje más complejo que tuviera en cuenta las necesidades de las propias mujeres afroargentinas. Se describen los desarrollos de las distintas etapas de trabajo y se exponen resultados obtenidos

Afro-Argentine Women and the Research Project Certifying our Existence: A multidisciplinary research experience in Ciudad Evita (Greater Buenos

Este trabajo presenta los primeros resultados de la investigación Certificar nuestra existencia, llevada a cabo por la Asociación de Mujeres Afrodescendientes en la Argentina durante el año 2016 en La Matanza. Su objetivo era conocer acerca de la vida de las mujeres afrodescendientes de la zona. El proyecto es pionero en el país porque focaliza en un grupo que se considera “desparecido”, y por su metodología. Se utilizaron métodos cualitativos –arte y antropología– y cuantitativos –toma de encuestas– para realizar un abordaje más complejo que tuviera en cuenta las necesidades de las propias mujeres afroargentinas. Se describen los desarrollos de las distintas etapas de trabajo y se exponen resultados obtenidos.The article introduces the multidisciplinary research project titled Certifying our Existence carried out by TES, Association of Women of African Descent in Argentina, in 2016. Its main objective was to know about the life of Afro-Argentine women from the area. This is a pioneering work in Argentina because of its methodology and because it focuses on a group considered no longer existent in the country. The research made use of qualitative methodology- art and anthropology- and also of quantitative methodology- surveys and statistical data. It centers on the different stages of the research process and presents preliminary results.Fil: Geler, Lea Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Instituto de Historia Argentina y Americana "Dr. Emilio Ravignani". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Historia Argentina y Americana "Dr. Emilio Ravignani"; ArgentinaFil: Egido, Alejandra. Todo en Sepia; ArgentinaFil: Recalt, Rosario. Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos; ArgentinaFil: Yannone, Carmen. Todo en Sepia; Argentin

The Lantern Vol. 35, No. 1, Winter 1969

• Industrialization • Convention • 86 Prof • Even Your Roommate • Specificity • Bo Jangles and Snowstorms in America • You Might Be • Election Night 1968 • Haiku • The Staff of Life • Wind • Brown Mills Blues • The Reunion • Ballad of the Lost Widow • Sunset • You - Revealed • Boredom? • Victim • I Owned A Tree • Days Bounce Along • Oblivion • Realityhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/lantern/1094/thumbnail.jp

Nonhomologous end joining of complex DNA double-strand breaks with proximal thymine glycol and interplay with base excision repair

DNA double-strand breaks induced by ionizing radiation are often accompanied by ancillary oxidative base damage that may prevent or delay their repair. In order to better define the features that make some DSBs repair-resistant, XLF-dependent nonhomologous end joining of blunt-ended DSB substrates having the oxidatively modified nonplanar base thymine glycol at the first (Tg1), second (Tg2), third (Tg3) or fifth (Tg5) positions from one 3' terminus, was examined in human whole-cell extracts. Tg at the third position had little effect on end-joining even when present on both ends of the break. However, Tg as the terminal or penultimate base was a major barrier to end joining (>10-fold reduction in ligated products) and an absolute barrier when present at both ends. Dideoxy trapping of base excision repair intermediates indicated that Tg was excised from Tg1, Tg2 and Tg3 largely if not exclusively after DSB ligation. However, Tg was rapidly excised from the Tg5 substrate, resulting in a reduced level of DSB ligation, as well as slow concomitant resection of the opposite strand. Ligase reactions containing only purified Ku, XRCC4, ligase IV and XLF showed that ligation of Tg3 and Tg5 was efficient and only partially XLF-dependent, whereas ligation of Tg1 and Tg2 was inefficient and only detectable in the presence of XLF. Overall, the results suggest that promoting ligation of DSBs with proximal base damage may be an important function of XLF, but that Tg can still be a major impediment to repair, being relatively resistant to both trimming and ligation. Moreover, it appears that base excision repair of Tg can sometimes interfere with repair of DSBs that would otherwise be readily rejoined

Telomere dysfunction and cell survival: roles for distinct TIN2-containing complexes

Telomeres are maintained by three DNA-binding proteins (telomeric repeat binding factor 1 [TRF1], TRF2, and protector of telomeres 1 [POT1]) and several associated factors. One factor, TRF1-interacting protein 2 (TIN2), binds TRF1 and TRF2 directly and POT1 indirectly. Along with two other proteins, TPP1 and hRap1, these form a soluble complex that may be the core telomere maintenance complex. It is not clear whether subcomplexes also exist in vivo. We provide evidence for two TIN2 subcomplexes with distinct functions in human cells. We isolated these two TIN2 subcomplexes from nuclear lysates of unperturbed cells and cells expressing TIN2 mutants TIN2-13 and TIN2-15C, which cannot bind TRF2 or TRF1, respectively. In cells with wild-type p53 function, TIN2-15C was more potent than TIN2-13 in causing telomere uncapping and eventual growth arrest. In cells lacking p53 function, TIN2-15C was more potent than TIN2-13 in causing telomere dysfunction and cell death. Our findings suggest that distinct TIN2 complexes exist and that TIN2-15C–sensitive subcomplexes are particularly important for cell survival in the absence of functional p53

Coordinate 5′ and 3′ endonucleolytic trimming of terminally blocked blunt DNA double-strand break ends by Artemis nuclease and DNA-dependent protein kinase

Previous work showed that, in the presence of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), Artemis slowly trims 3′-phosphoglycolate-terminated blunt ends. To examine the trimming reaction in more detail, long internally labeled DNA substrates were treated with Artemis. In the absence of DNA-PK, Artemis catalyzed extensive 5′→3′ exonucleolytic resection of double-stranded DNA. This resection required a 5′-phosphate, but did not require ATP, and was accompanied by endonucleolytic cleavage of the resulting 3′ overhang. In the presence of DNA-PK, Artemis-mediated trimming was more limited, was ATP-dependent and did not require a 5′-phosphate. For a blunt end with either a 3′-phosphoglycolate or 3′-hydroxyl terminus, endonucleolytic trimming of 2–4 nucleotides from the 3′-terminal strand was accompanied by trimming of 6 nt from the 5′-terminal strand. The results suggest that autophosphorylated DNA-PK suppresses the exonuclease activity of Artemis toward blunt-ended DNA, and promotes slow and limited endonucleolytic trimming of the 5′-terminal strand, resulting in short 3′ overhangs that are trimmed endonucleolytically. Thus, Artemis and DNA-PK can convert terminally blocked DNA ends of diverse geometry and chemical structure to a form suitable for polymerase-mediated patching and ligation, with minimal loss of terminal sequence. Such processing could account for the very small deletions often found at DNA double-strand break repair sites