Owen coalitional value without additivity axiom

We show that the Owen value for TU games with coalition structure can be characterized without additivity axiom similarly as it was done by Young for the Shapley value for general TU games. Our axiomatization via four axioms of efficiency, marginality, symmetry across coalitions, and symmetry within coalitions is obtained from the original Owen's one by replacement of the additivity and null-player axioms via marginality. We show that the alike axiomatization for the generalization of the Owen value suggested by Winter for games with level structure is valid as well

Competitive division of a mixed manna

A mixed manna contains goods (that everyone likes) and bads (that everyone dislikes), as well as items that are goods to some agents, but bads or satiated to others. If all items are goods and utility functions are homogeneous of degree 1 and concave (and monotone), the competitive division maximizes the Nash product of utilities (Gale–Eisenberg): hence it is welfarist (determined by the set of feasible utility profiles), unique, continuous, and easy to compute. We show that the competitive division of a mixed manna is still welfarist. If the zero utility profile is Pareto dominated, the competitive profile is strictly positive and still uniquely maximizes the product of utilities. If the zero profile is unfeasible (for instance, if all items are bads), the competitive profiles are strictly negative and are the critical points of the product of disutilities on the efficiency frontier. The latter allows for multiple competitive utility profiles, from which no single-valued selection can be continuous or resource monotonic. Thus the implementation of competitive fairness under linear preferences in interactive platforms like SPLIDDIT will be more difficult when the manna contains bads that overwhelm the goods

Monotonicity Problems of Interval Solutions and the Dutta-Ray Solution for Convex Interval Games

This paper examines several monotonicity properties of value-type interval solutions on the class of convex interval games and focuses on the Dutta-Ray (DR) solution for such games. Well known properties for the classical DR solution are extended to the interval setting. In particular, it is proved that the interval DR solution of a convex interval game belongs to the interval core of that game and Lorenz dominates each other interval core element. Consistency properties of the interval DR solution in the sense of Davis-Maschler and of Hart-Mas-Colell are verified. An axiomatic characterization of the interval DR solution on the class of convex interval games with the help of bilateral Hart-Mas-Colell consistency and the constrained egalitarianism for two-person interval games is given.cooperative interval games;convex games;the constrained egalitarian solution;the equal division core;consistency

Consistency of the Equal Split-Off Set

This paper axiomatically studies the equal split-off set (cf. Branzei et al. (2006))as a solution for cooperative games with transferable utility. This solution extends the well-known Dutta and Ray (1989) solution for convex games to arbitrary games. By deriving several characterizations, we explore the relation of the equal split-off set with various consistency notions

Consistency of the Equal Split-Off Set

This paper axiomatically studies the equal split-off set (cf. Branzei et al. (2006)) as a solution for cooperative games with transferable utility. This solution extends the well-known Dutta and Ray (1989) solution for convex games to arbitrary games. By deriving several characterizations, we explore the relation of the equal split-off set with various consistency notions

Tsunami excitation by inland/coastal earthquakes: the Green function approach

International audienceIn the framework of the linear theory, the representation theorem is derived for an incompressible liquid layer with a boundary of arbitrary shape and in a homogeneous gravity field. In addition, the asymptotic representation for the Green function, in a layer of constant thickness is obtained. The validity of the approach for the calculation of the tsunami wavefield based on the Green function technique is verified comparing the results with those obtained from the modal theory, for a liquid layer of infinite horizontal dimensions. The Green function approach is preferable for the estimation of the excitation spectra, since in the case of an infinite liquid layer it leads to simple analytical expressions. From this analysis it is easy to describe the peculiarities of tsunami excitation by different sources. The method is extended to the excitation of tsunami in a semiinfinite layer with a sloping boundary. Numerical modelling of the tsunami wavefield, excited by point sources at different distances from the coastline, shows that when the source is located at a distance from the coastline equal or larger than the source depth, the shore presence does not affect the excitation of the tsunami. When the source is moved towards thecoastline, the low frequency content in the excitation spectrum ecreases, while the high frequencies content increases dramatically. The maximum of the excitation spectra from inland sources, located at a distance from the shore like the source depth, becomes less than 10% of that radiated if the same source is located in the open ocean. The effect of the finiteness of the source is also studied and the excitation spectrum is obtained by integration over the fault area. Numerical modelling of the excitation spectra for different source models shows that, for a given seismic moment, the spectral level, as well as the maximum value of the spectra, decreases with increasing fault size. When the sources are located in the vicinity of a shore, the synthetic mareograms calculated at distances greater than the source depth show that the maximum tsunami amplitude decays with decreasing source-to-shore distance. The rate of decay is dependent on the dip, length and depth of the fault. The tsunami intensity, defined as maximum peak-to-peak amplitude, decays with the inland distance of the source from the coast. At an inland distance equal to the source depth, it becomes 4?5 times less than that from a source in the open ocean. If the source is located under the coastline, the intensity of tsunami is approximately the same as for oceanic sources

Sustainable Availability Provision in Distributed Cloud Services

The article is an extension of this paper 1 . It describes methods for dealing with reliability and fault tolerance issues in cloud-based datacenters. These methods mainly focus on the elimination of a single point of failure within any component of the cloud infrastructure, availability of infrastructure and accessibility of cloud services. Methods for providing the availability of hardware, software and network components are also presented. The analysis of the actual accessibility of cloud services and the mapping of a cloud-based datacenter infrastructure with different levels of reliability to the Tier Classification System2 is described. Non-compliance of the actual accessibility with the level of High Availability for cloud web services is unraveled

ФОРМУВАННЯ УМІНЬ ЕТНОКУЛЬТУРНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ У МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ІСТОРІЇ

In the article the features of the formation of ethno-cultural skills activity at the future teachers of history by means of historical education is examined; the importance of ethnic and cultural activities in the lessons of history is described; purpose was defined, model of training of future history teachers to ethno-cultural activity is presented, the definition of the main components – the cognitive, procedural controlling.В статье рассматриваются особенности формирования умений етнокультурной деятельности у будущих учителей истории средствами исторического образования; раскрыто значимость етнокультурной деятельности на уроках истории; определено цель, представлена модель подготовки будущих учителей истории к етнокультурной деятельности, с определением основных компонентов – познавательного,  процессуального, контролирующего.У статті розглядаються особливості формування умінь етнокультурної діяльності у майбутніх учителів історії засобами історичної освіти; розкрито значущість етнокультурної діяльності вчителя  на уроках історії; визначено мету, представлено модель підготовки майбутніх учителів історії до етнокультурної діяльності, з визначенням основних компонентів, як-от:  пізнавального, процесуального, контролюючого

Organizational and Pedagogical Support for Additional Education in Science and Technology in Rural Areas: Problems and Solutions

В статье рассматриваются проблемы организационно-педагогического обеспечения дополнительного образования в научно-технологических направлениях на малых территориях. Автор выделяет необходимость создания системных условий для образовательных организаций и предлагает использование современных методов организационно-педагогического обеспечения для решения проблемы отсутствия квалифицированных преподавателей в новых профессиях. Статья актуальна для педагогов, руководителей образовательных учреждений и представителей органов государственной власти.The article discusses the problems of organizational and pedagogical support for additional education in scientific and technological fields in rural areas. The author emphasizes the need to create systemic conditions for educational organizations and suggests using modern methods of organizational and pedagogical support to solve the problem of the lack of qualified teachers in new professions. The article is relevant for teachers, educational institution leaders, and representatives of government bodies

Anthropogenic and natural source of methane in the Japan-Sea area and Promoriye Polluting the atmosphere

Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesPromoting Environmental Pesearch in Pan-Japan Sea Area : Young Researchers\u27 Network, Schedule: March 8-10,2006,Kanazawa Excel Hotel Tokyu, Japan, Organized by: Kanazawa University 21st-Century COE Program, Environmental Monitoring and Prediction of Long- & Short- Term Dynamics of Pan-Japan Sea Area ; IICRC(Ishikawa International Cooperation Research Centre), Sponsors : Japan Sea Research ; UNU-IAS(United Nations University Institute of Advanced Studies)+Ishikawa Prefecture Government ; City of Kanazaw