98 research outputs found
Hadron Energy Reconstruction for the ATLAS Calorimetry in the Framework of the Non-parametrical Method
This paper discusses hadron energy reconstruction for the ATLAS barrel
prototype combined calorimeter (consisting of a lead-liquid argon
electromagnetic part and an iron-scintillator hadronic part) in the framework
of the non-parametrical method. The non-parametrical method utilizes only the
known ratios and the electron calibration constants and does not require
the determination of any parameters by a minimization technique. Thus, this
technique lends itself to an easy use in a first level trigger. The
reconstructed mean values of the hadron energies are within of the
true values and the fractional energy resolution is . The value of the ratio
obtained for the electromagnetic compartment of the combined calorimeter is
and agrees with the prediction that for this
electromagnetic calorimeter. Results of a study of the longitudinal hadronic
shower development are also presented. The data have been taken in the H8 beam
line of the CERN SPS using pions of energies from 10 to 300 GeV.Comment: 33 pages, 13 figures, Will be published in NIM
Laser calibration of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter during LHC Run 2
This article reports the laser calibration of the hadronic Tile Calorimeter
of the ATLAS experiment in the LHC Run 2 data campaign. The upgraded Laser II
calibration system is described. The system was commissioned during the first
LHC Long Shutdown, exhibiting a stability better than 0.8% for the laser light
monitoring. The methods employed to derive the detector calibration factors
with data from the laser calibration runs are also detailed. These allowed to
correct for the response fluctuations of the 9852 photomultiplier tubes of the
Tile Calorimeter with a total uncertainty of 0.5% plus a luminosity-dependent
sub-dominant term. Finally, we report the regular monitoring and performance
studies using laser events in both standalone runs and during proton
collisions. These studies include channel timing and quality inspection, and
photomultiplier linearity and response dependence on anode current
Results from a combined test of an electromagnetic liquid argon calorimeter with a hadronic scintillating-tile calorimeter
The first combined test of an electromagnetic liquid argon accordion calorimeter and a hadronic scintillating-tile calorimeter was carried out at the CERN SPS. These devices are prototypes of the barrel calorimeter of the future ATLAS experiment at the LHC. The energy resolution of pions in the energy range from 20 to 300~GeV at an incident angle of about 11 is well-described by the expression \sigma/E = ((46.5 \pm 6.0)\%/\sqrt{E} +(1.2 \pm 0.3)\%) \oplus (3.2 \pm 0.4)~\mbox{GeV}/E. Shower profiles, shower leakage, and the angular resolution of hadronic showers were also studied
The relative sensitivity of growth and reproduction in the springtail, Folsomia candida, exposed to xenobiotics in the laboratory: An indicator of soil toxicity
International audienc
The tegumental glands of a troglobitic crustacean
Tegumental glands, located in the antennae of Antromysis juberthiei are present in males and females; in the antennulae each of them consists of 3 cells: a secretory cell of large size, an intermediary cell and a canal cell probably secretory in nature. The canal cell possesses an extracellular cavity with deep infoldings and microvilli between which the canal crinkles along. The intermediary cell is heavily provided with microfilaments. The secretory granules have an organized content
The use of Folsomia candida (Collembola, Isotomidae) in bioassays of waste
Abstract The impacts of cadmium, pentachlorophenol, phenanthrene and of two arti®cially polluted soils, on reproduction by the collembolan Folsomia candida were studied using a test that is in the process of becoming a European standard. The ®rst arti®cially polluted soil was contaminated with metals (cadmium, chromium, lead and zinc), the second with organic chemicals (pentachlorophenol, trichlorophenol and phenanthrene). The EC 50 values for reproduction were 129, 87 and 175 mg/ g, respectively, for cadmium, pentachlorophenol and phenanthrene. Additional experiments dealing with the effects of soil pH and humidity, and of reproduction timing were carried out. A number of problems concerning the experimental conditions and the soil (soil moisture and pH) are discussed. It is concluded than the F. candida reproduction test could be a suitable ecotoxicological test for soil with some technical improvements in relation to organic matter content and test duration, and with more precise speci®cation of the pre-normative ISO guidelines on soil humidity and structure. Further adaptation of the test for soil toxicity evaluation is needed.
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