KORELASI AKSES SANITASI DAN AKSES AIR MINUM DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BALITA DI WILAYAH KABUPATEN SERANG TAHUN 2022

Stunting adalah penggambaran status gizi kurang pada bayi sejak dalam kandungan hingga dilahirkan yang bersifat kronik pada masa pertumbuhan dan perkembangan. Namun, pada tahun 2022 prevalensi stunting di Kabupaten Serang mencapai 8.96% (11.534 balita menderita stunting). Kebaruan penelitian ini karena meneliti korelasi akses sanitasi dan akses air minum dengan kejadian stunting pada balita. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi akses sanitasi dan akses air minum dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di wilayah Kabupaten Serang tahun 2022. Desain studi pada penelitian ini adalah studi ekologi. Analisis korelasi dilakukan terhadap akses sanitasi dan akses air minum dengan angka kejadian stunting pada balita di 326 desa yang ada di Kabupaten Serang. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat untuk mengetahui gambaran variabel independen dan dependen. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis bivariat dengan menggunakan Uji Korelasi Spearman. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama bulan Desember 2022 – Februari 2023. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan hasil uji statistik Spearman didapatkan nilai P = 0,463 (P 0,05) sehingga tidak ada hubungan atau korelasi antara akses sanitasi dengan angka kejadian stunting pada balita di Kabupaten Serang. Sedangkan Hasil Hubungan akses air minum dengan kejadian stunting di Kabupaten Serang menunjukkan korelasi lemah dan memiliki arah negatif hal dapati dilihat dari nilai P = 0,038 (P 0.05) Kesimpulan Tidak ada hubungan atau korelasi antara akses sanitasi dengan angka kejadian stunting pada balita di Kabupaten Serang. Sedangkan hubungan akses air minum dengan kejadian stunting di Kabupaten Serang menunjukkan korelasi yang lemah dan memiliki arah negati

Environmental Factors and Lung Function Impairment among Household Industrial Workers of Stone-Carving Crafts at Maritengngae Subdistrict, Sidrap Regency 2016

When inhaled by humans, PM2.5 concentrations in the air deposit in the alveoli which can cause inflammation that decreases lung function. Temperature, humidity, and wind speed can affect workplace air pollutants. This cross-sectional study assessed the relationship between environmental factors (PM2.5 concentration,temperature, humidity, and wind speed) and lung function impairment among 100 workers in the Maritengngae subdistrict, Sidrap Regency. Lung function was assessed via spirometry. Temperature, humidity, and wind speed were assessed via a thermohygroanemometer. PM2.5 concentration in the workplace was assessed via a Haz Dust EPAM 5000. Chi-square analysis showed PM2.5 concentration and wind speed had a significant correlation to lung function impairment. Therefore, it should be considered for implementing health and safety programs among workers, monitoring workplace implementation, and performing occupational health surveillance. Keywords: Environmental Factor, Lung Function, Stonecutting Industr

Systematic Review of the Relationship between Hygiene Practice and the Incidence of Ascaris lumbricoides Infection in Southeast Asian Children

Soil-Transmitted Helminth (STH) infection is one of the Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) that affects around 1.5 billion people worldwide, including regions like Southeast Asia. The most common species infecting humans is Ascaris lumbricoides. Preschool-age and school-age children are particularly vulnerable to STH infection due to their living environments in areas where STH is prevalent. Infection of STH, especially Ascaris lumbricoides, can hinder physical and cognitive development and, in severe cases, cause obstruction of the small intestine. Various factors, such as hygiene practices, can influence the transmission of Ascaris lumbricoides infection in children. This study aims to explore the association between hygiene practices and the occurrence of Ascaris lumbricoides infection in children. A systematic review was carried out, and articles were searched in four databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and ProQuest. Subsequently, the articles were selected based on specific criteria. Five articles were identified during the search. These articles revealed a significant association between handwashing habits, toilet usage, and washing fruits before consumption with the occurrence of Ascaris lumbricoides infection. On the other hand, there was no significant association found between washing vegetables before consumption and trimming nails and the occurrence of Ascaris lumbricoides infection in children

FAKTOR CUACA TERHADAP KASUS TERKONFIRMASI AKTIF COVID-19

Cuaca merupakan faktor penting dalam wabah penyakit menular. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan jumlah kenaikan kasus COVID-19 yang cukup signifikan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor cuaca terhadap kasus terkonfirmasi aktif COVID-19 di Kota Bandung. Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif dan merupakan jenis penelitian epidemiologi deskriptif dengan desain studi ekologi. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder selama kurun waktu 1 tahun (2020-2021). Berdasarkan hasil uji korelasi Spearman variabel cuaca terhadap COVID-19 pada lag 5 hari COVID-19 didapatkan hubungan yang signifikan pada suhu rata-rata (p value = 0.0001), kelembaban rata-rata (p value = 0.015), dan kecepatan angin rata-rata (p value = 0.001) terhadap kasus terkonfirmasi aktif COVID-19 di Kota Bandung. Dalam penelitian ini suhu rata-rata, kelembaban rata-rata, dan kecepatan angin berhubungan signifikan terhadap kasus COVID-19. Hasil ini dapat membantu para stakeholder untuk menyusun kebijakan yang efektif dengan mengetahui indikator meteorologi terhadap pola perilaku virus SARS-CoV-2

HEALTH RISK ANALYSIS OF LEAD LEVELS (Pb) IN GREEN LEAFY VEGETABLES FROM TRADITIONAL MARKETS AND SUPERMARKET IN SEMARANG CITY: A PRELIMINARY STUDY

Samples of Green Spinach (Amaranthus gangeticus) Kale or Water Spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) and Green Mustards (Brassica rapa I. Subsp. Perviridis Bayley) were collected from three traditional markets and one supermarket in Semarang City, Central Java. The purpose of this descriptive study was to assess lead (Pb) contamination on raw and boiled vegetables and the health risks for residents in Semarang. The Pb of the samples was measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The result showed Pb in all samples exceeded the standard values from WHO/FAO (0,3mg/kg), Indonesian National Standard (SNI) limit for Heavy Metals on Food (0,5 mg/kg) and The National Agency of Drug and Food Control of the Republic of Indonesia (BPOM) (0,2 mg/kg). The highest accumulation of Pb found in kale from ‘B’ Traditional Market with 6,123 mg/kg and the lowest was kale from supermarket 0,25 mg/kg. The boiling process for vegetables may increase the Pb concentration, considering the cookware materials. Results revealed that there is no risk of potential health problems for residents in the city with current Pb concentration

Spatial Analysis of Diarrhea Incidences, Environmental Influences, and Behavioral Factors in An Ecological Study

Diarrhea is a global health problem that causes morbidity and death in all age groups. Among the cities in Indonesia, Depok has the second-highest incidence of diarrhea outbreaks. Although previous studies have shown the correlation between diarrhea and environmental and behavioral factors, the spatial analysis of these factors is still very limited. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the spatial analysis of the association between diarrhea incidence and environmental and behavioral factors using an ecological study. The secondary data from the Depok City Health Office were used in the analysis. Our results showed a significant relationship between proper drinking water coverage (p = 0.00; r = -0.289) and healthy latrine coverage (p = 0.02; r = -0.233) with the incidence of diarrhea. Meanwhile, household coverage of Clean and Healthy Behavior (Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS)) and population density showed no significant association. Spatial analysis maps also revealed the distribution pattern of diarrhea in Depok City from 2013 to 2021, tending to be more common in areas with low coverage of adequate drinking water. The findings from this study will contribute to optimizing diarrhea control and prevention programs.

Gambaran Higiene Sanitasi Makanan dan Penerapan Prinsip Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) di Unit Instalasi Gizi Rumah Sakit X Tahun 2018

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pelaksanaan higiene dan sanitasi pengelolaan makanan di Unit Instalasi Gizi Rumah Sakit X tahun 2018. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan pemeriksaan laboratorium. Hasil yang didapat dari penelitian ini yaitu diketahui bahwa higiene sanitasi di unit instalasi gizi rumah sakit X sudah cukup memenuhi syarat menurut checklist yang mengacu kepada Permenkes Nomor 1096 Tahun 2011. Namun ada beberapa aspek yang harus diperbaiki seperti aspek fasilitas sanitasi, bangunan dan tempat penyimpanan alat masak. Berdasarkan hasil pengecekan kualitas bakteriologis pada sampel makanan, usap tangan penjamah dan alat makan di rumah sakit X, hasilnya menunjukkan negatif atau tidak ditemukan bakteri E.coli pada sampel yang diambil. Selain itu, terkait perlindungan makanan dalam hal ini penerapan sistem Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP), ditemukannya beberapa titik kendali kritis pada proses pengolahan makanan. Setiap menu makanan tentunya memiliki titik kendali kritisnya masing-masing yang perlu diperhatikan cara pengendaliannya. Diketahui pula bahwa kegiatan pemantauan, pengecekan serta pencatatan terkait HACCP belum dilakukan secara rutin di rumah sakit X.Kata Kunci: Higiene sanitasi makanan, Unit Instalasi Gizi, HACC

Well-Water Consumption of High Cadmium and the Resulting Urinary Cadmium Levels in a Community near a Dumping Site

Cadmium (Cd) is a nephrotoxic metal that can accumulate in the kidneys for a long time, damaging the kidneys’ tubules and leading to renal failure. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the consumption of well water exposed to Cd and urinary Cd. The cross-sectional study was performed in the community near the Namo Bintang dumpsite. The sample population of 99 people was selected by stratified random sampling based on the distance of the individual’s home from the landfill. Cd was measured via GFAAS, and the data was analyzed by correlation and regression (wellwater Cd, age, volume of water intake, duration of Cd intake), independent sample t-test (gender, occupational, smoking habit, BMI), and multiple linear regression. The study’s results showed that 65 respondents (65.7%) had been exposed to Cd higher than the normal level (0.005mg/l) and that 99 urine samples (100%) had high Cd levels above the normal level (5 μg/g creatinine). There was no significant correlation between the well’s Cd level and urinary Cd. The variables of gender, BMI,and the duration of Cd intake had significant correlations with urinary Cd (p-values of 0.045, 0.025, and 0.041, respectively). Therefore, the residents were instructed to not use well water as their primary source of drinking water. &nbsp

Workers’ Characteristics of Hearing Loss at Soekarno-Hatta International Airport, Indonesia

This study aimed to analyze the characteristics and factors of worker behavior, including age, the use of ear protection, work duration, a record of diabetes mellitus or hypertension, work rotation, and noise hazards involved in hearing loss in PT. X at Soekarno-Hatta International Airport, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study from May 2017 to June 2017 involved 73 workers in the power service area (TZ Unit) exposed to noise levels <85 dBA and ≥85 dBA, using an audiometry test for hearing loss and Sound Level Meter for noise hazards was conducted. The Chi-square test showed a significant correlation between age (OR 8.4, 95% Cl = 1.6-44.1), work duration (OR 7.6, 95% Cl = 0.9-67.2), and the use of ear protection (OR 7.8, 95% Cl = 1.4-44.2) with hearing loss in workers in the power service area. The multivariate analysis revealed that workers exposed to a noise level of 85 dBA had a 1.7 times greater risk of hearing loss than workers exposed to a noise level of <85 dBA after controlling for age, work duration, use of ear protection, medical history, and work rotation