Computer Model for Dynamic Skyline Behaviour

The development and experimental verification of a numerical model for the dynamic behavior of a cable logging system skyline is discussed. The model is intended to simulate the skyline behavior after a turn of logs breaks out of a "hang-up" on the ground. Output from the model may be used as a forcing function for a dynamic load on the tailspar or other component of the cable logging system. The numerical model uses finite difference and Runge-Kutta techniques. Output from the model consists of time-histories of the fluctuations in skyline tensions. From this output the frequencies of the skyline vibrations may be determined. The model was verified by experimental data collected while operating a small cable logging system in Oregon State University's McDonald Research Forest

Dynamic Characteristics of a Small Skyline Logging System with a Guyed Tailspar

A series of dynamic loading tests were conducted on a small skyline logging system (15.8 mm [5/8 inch] skyline) operating in a second-growth Douglas fir stand. The tests included free vibration tests and logging tests with turns weighing from 1.5 to 9 kN [340 to 2050 lbs]. Natural frequency and damping were evaluated from free vibration tests, and the free vibration portion of logging tests. Dynamic load magnitude was evaluated for logging tests with natural and artificial breakouts of turns with a range in turn weights, and for a series of logging tests with the same turn. The natural frequencies of the guylines were in good agreement with simple cable theory. However, the presence of the carriage on the skyline resulted in measured natural frequencies significantly lower than simple cable theory would predict. Damping of the tailspar system and the skyline averaged about 10% of critical damping, but was highly variable from test to test. Dynamic load magnitude, whether expressed as the load peak produced by turn break-out, or the maximum cyclic load, was highly variable, with coefficients of variation ranging from 31 to 79%. Even a series of logging tests with the same two-log turn produced maximum cyclic loads with a coefficient of variation of nearly 40%

White matter changes and confrontation naming in retired aging national football league athletes

Using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), we assessed the relationship of white matter integrity and performance on the Boston Naming Test (BNT) in a group of retired professional football players and a control group. We examined correlations between fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) with BNT T-scores in an unbiased voxelwise analysis processed with tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). We also analyzed the DTI data by grouping voxels together as white matter tracts and testing each tract's association with BNT T-scores. Significant voxelwise correlations between FA and BNT performance were only seen in the retired football players (p < 0.02). Two tracts had mean FA values that significantly correlated with BNT performance: forceps minor and forceps major. White matter integrity is important for distributed cognitive processes, and disruption correlates with diminished performance in athletes exposed to concussive and subconcussive brain injuries, but not in controls without such exposure

Observation of a mesoscopic magnetic modulation in chiral Mn1/3NbS2

We have investigated the structural, magnetic, thermodynamic, and charge transport properties of Mn1/3NbS2 single crystals through x-ray and neutron diffraction, magnetization, specific heat, magnetoresistance, and Hall effect measurements. Mn1/3NbS2 displays a magnetic transition at TC ~ 45 K with highly anisotropic behavior expected for a hexagonal structured material. Below TC, neutron diffraction reveals increased scattering near the structural Bragg peaks having a wider Q-dependence along the c-axis than the nuclear Bragg peaks. This indicates helimagnetism with a long pitch length of ~250 nm (or a wavevector q~0.0025 {\AA}-1) along the c-axis. This q is substantially smaller than that found for the helimagnetic state in isostructural Cr1/3NbS2 (0.015 {\AA}-1). Specific heat capacity measurements confirm a second-order magnetic phase transition with a substantial magnetic contribution that persists to low temperature. The large low-temperature specific heat capacity is consistent with a large density of low-lying magnetic excitations that are likely associated with topologically interesting magnetic modes. Changes to the magnetoresistance, the magnetization, and the magnetic neutron diffraction, which become more apparent below 20 K, imply a modification in the character of the magnetic ordering corresponding to the magnetic contribution to the specific heat capacity. These observations signify a more complex magnetic structure both at zero and finite fields for Mn1/3NbS2 than for the well-investigated Cr1/3NbS2.Comment: 22 pages, 7 figure

A multi-wavelength study of a double intermediate-mass protostar - from large-scale structure to collimated jets

(abridged) We study a previously discovered protostellar source that is deeply embedded and drives an energetic molecular outflow. The source, UYSO1, is located close to IRAS 07029-1215 at a distance of ~1 kpc. The multi-wavelength observations resulted in the detection of a double intermediate-mass protostar at the location of UYSO1. In addition to the associated molecular outflow, with a projected size of 0.25 pc, two intersecting near-infrared jets with projected sizes of 0.4 pc and 0.2 pc were found. However, no infrared counterparts to the driving sources could be detected in sensitive near- to far-infrared observations. In interferometric millimeter observations, UYSO1 was resolved into two continuum sources with high column densities and gas masses of 3.5 Mo and 1.2 Mo, with a linear separation of 4200 AU. We report the discovery of a H2O maser toward one of the two sources. The total luminosity is roughly estimated to be ~50 Lo, shared by the two components, one of which is driving the molecular outflow that has a dynamical timescale of less than a few thousand years. The jets of the two individual components are not aligned. Submillimeter observations show that the region lacks typical hot-core chemistry. We thus find two protostellar objects, whose associated circumstellar and parent core masses are high enough to suggest that they may evolve into intermediate-mass stars. This is corroborated by their association with a very massive and energetic CO outflow, suggesting high protostellar accretion rates. The short dynamical timescale of the outflow, the pristine chemical composition of the cloud core and absence of hot core tracers, the absence of detectable radio continuum emission, and the very low protostellar luminosity argue for an extremely early evolutionary stage.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in A&A; minor changes: typos corrected, revised argument in Section

Chromosomal localization of conglutinin (CGN1) gene to river buffalo by sequential RBH-banding and FISH.

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Insomnia as an Independent Predictor of Incident Cardiovascular Disease in HIV: Data from the Veterans Aging Cohort Study

Background: Insomnia is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in the general population and is highly prevalent in people with HIV. The CVD risk conferred by insomnia in the HIV population is unknown. Methods: Using the Veterans Aging Cohort Study-Survey Cohort, insomnia symptoms were measured and dummy coded with the item, “Difficulty falling or staying asleep?” (5-point scale from no difficulty to bothers a lot). Incident CVD event ICD-9 codes (acute myocardial infarction, stroke, or coronary artery revascularization) were identified with VA and Medicare administrative data and VA fee-for-service data. Those with baseline CVD were excluded. Results: HIV-infected (N=3,108) veterans had a median follow-up time of 10.8 years, during which 267 CVD events occurred. Compared to HIV-infected veterans with no difficulty falling or staying asleep, HIV-infected veterans bothered a lot by insomnia symptoms had an increased risk of incident CVD after adjusting for demographics (HR=1.64, 95%CI=1.16-2.31, p=.005), CVD risk factors (HR=1.62, 95%CI=1.14-2.30, p=.007), additional potential confounders (hepatitis C infection, renal disease, anemia, alcohol use, cocaine use; HR=1.70, 95%CI=1.19-2.43, p=.003), and HIV-specific factors (HIV-1 RNA, CD4+ T-cell count, ART; HR=1.66, 95%CI=1.16-2.37, p=.005). Additional adjustment for non-benzodiazepine sleep medication (HR=1.62, 95%CI=1.13-2.32, p=.009) did not attenuate the association; however, it fell short of significance at p < .01 after adjustment for depressive symptoms (HR=1.51, 95%CI=0.98-2.32, p=.060) or antidepressant medication (HR=1.51, 95%CI=1.04-2.19, p=.031). Conclusion: Highly bothersome insomnia symptoms were significantly associated with incident CVD in HIV-infected veterans, suggesting that insomnia may be a novel, modifiable risk factor for CVD in HIV

Position-sensitive detection of ultracold neutrons with an imaging camera and its implications to spectroscopy

Position-sensitive detection of ultracold neutrons (UCNs) is demonstrated using an imaging charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. A spatial resolution less than 15 $\mu$m has been achieved, which is equivalent to an UCN energy resolution below 2 pico-electron-volts through the relation $\delta E = m_0g \delta x$. Here, the symbols $\delta E$, $\delta x$, $m_0$ and $g$ are the energy resolution, the spatial resolution, the neutron rest mass and the gravitational acceleration, respectively. A multilayer surface convertor described previously is used to capture UCNs and then emits visible light for CCD imaging. Particle identification and noise rejection are discussed through the use of light intensity profile analysis. This method allows different types of UCN spectroscopy and other applications.Comment: 12 figures, 28 pages, accepted for publication in NIM

First detection of CO2_2 emission in a Centaur: JWST NIRSpec observations of 39P/Oterma

Centaurs are minor solar system bodies with orbits transitioning between those of Trans-Neptunian Scattered Disk objects and Jupiter Family comets. 39P/Oterma is a frequently active Centaur that has recently held both Centaur and JFC classifications and was observed with the JWST NIRSpec instrument on 2022 July 27 UTC while it was 5.82 au from the Sun. For the first time, CO$_2$ gas emission was detected in a Centaur, with a production rate of Q$_{CO_2}$ = (5.96 $\pm$ 0.80) $\times$ 10$^{23}$ molecules s$^{-1}$. This is the lowest detection of CO$_2$ of any Centaur or comet. CO and H$_2$O were not detected down to constraining upper limits. Derived mixing ratios of Q$_{CO}$/Q$_{CO_2}$ $\leq$2.03 and Q$_{CO_2}$/Q$_{H_2O}$ $\geq$0.60 are consistent with CO$_2$ and/or CO outgassing playing large roles in driving the activity, but not water, and show a significant difference between the coma abundances of 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1, another Centaur at a similar heliocentric distance, which may be explained by thermal processing of 39P's surface during its previous Jupiter-family comet orbit. To help contextualize the JWST data we also acquired visible CCD imaging data on two dates in July (Gemini North) and September (Lowell Discovery Telescope) 2022. Image analysis and photometry based on these data are consistent with a point source detection and an estimated effective nucleus radius of 39P in the range of $R_{nuc}=$2.21 to 2.49~km