Influence of age and maturation on perceived collective efficacy in youth basketball players

Growth and maturation impact the development of young athletes’ physique and function. It is likely that psychological and behavioral characteristics will also be impacted by maturity status. Perceived collective efficacy (CE) is a potential mediator of sports performance and may be influenciated by maturity status. Therefore, this study examined the perceived CE variation between young basketball players accounting for the influence of chronological age and biological maturity status. The sample included 57 adolescent basketball players aged 9.5 to 15.5 years. Chronological age, estimated age at peak height velocity (PHV) and CE through the Portuguese version of the Collective Efficacy Questionnaire for Sports were considered. Bayesian multilevel modeling was used to examine athletes’ perceived CE dimensions variation by maturity status and age. Overall, the adolescent basketball players’ perceived CE scores were high for all dimensions: ability (8.77±1.15); effort (9.20±1.03); persistence (8.87±1.18); preparation (8.96±1.08); unity (8.88±1.22). The variability estimates were very large, suggesting that the influence of maturity status on variation may be residual. There was no substantial relation between chronological age and the variation scores, although the results suggest that perceived variation was independent of chronological age variation and between players variation in maturity status. Further study examining the relations of growth, functional performance development, and perceived CE would be relevant for the holistic understanding of young basketball players’ development.O crescimento e a maturação afetam o desenvolvimento físico, a função e o comportamento de jovens atletas. É provável que características psicológicas e comportamentais também sejam afetadas pelo estágio maturacional. A eficácia coletiva (EC) percebida é um potencial mediador do desempenho esportivo e também pode ser influenciada pelo estágio maturacional. Portanto, este estudo examinou a variação da EC entre jovens jogadores de basquetebol, considerando a influência da idade cronológica e do estágio maturacional. Foram considerados e analisados em sua idade cronológica, na idade estimada no pico de velocidade de crescimento (PHV) e na EC 57 atletas de basquetebol adolescentes com idades entre 9,5 e 15,5 anos por meio da versão portuguesa do Questionário de Eficácia Coletiva para Esportes. Uma série de modelos Bayesianos de regressão linear multinível foi utilizada para estimar a EC percebida pelos atletas de acordo com seus estágios maturacionais e idade cronológica. No geral, os escores de EC dos jovens atletas de basquetebol foram elevados em todas as dimensões: capacidade (8,77±1,15); esforço (9,20±1,03); persistência (8,87±1,18); preparação (8,96±1,08); unidade (8,88±1,22). As estimativas de variabilidade foram muito grandes, sugerindo que a influência do estágio maturacional sobre a EC seja residual. Não houve relação substancial entre a idade cronológica e os escores de EC, embora os resultados sugiram que a EC percebida tenha sido independente da variação da idade cronológica e da variação nos estágios maturacionais entre os atletas. Estudos adicionais que examinem as relações entre crescimento, desenvolvimento de desempenho funcional e percepção de EC seriam relevantes para a compreensão holística do desenvolvimento de jovens jogadores de basquetebol

Qualidade de vida no trabalho: uma análise sob a ótica dos docentes do IFNMG – Campus Araçuaí (MG)

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo compreender quais fatores influenciam a qualidade de vida no trabalho dos docentes do Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais - IFNMG - Campus Araçuaí e os impactos gerados em sua rotina profissional. O tema possui relevância para as organizações e para a rede federal de ensino de forma a analisar, sob a visão dos docentes, a qualidade de vida no trabalho, podendo, por meio do estudo, levantar possíveis mudanças que possam vir a ajudar na melhoria do desempenho dos professores. Com vistas a investigar o problema apresentado, esta pesquisa tem uma abordagem metodológica quantitativa, feita a partir de entrevistas e questionários aplicados aos docentes e gestores do Instituto. Sobre a avaliação dos resultados obtidos, observaram-se fatores considerados satisfatórios no sentido da qualidade de vida no trabalho para os docentes do presente estudo. Portanto, entende-se que a satisfação pessoal do docente e a forma como entendem a qualidade de vida no trabalho estão totalmente atreladas ao seu ambiente de trabalho

Evidências científicas sobre o tratamento da anemia ferropriva em pacientes com doença renal crônica / Scientific evidence on the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease

A anemia é comum entre pacientes com doença renal crônica, a anemia está subjacente a muitos dos sintomas associados à redução da função renal e está associada ao aumento da mortalidade e hospitalizações, entre os pacientes com DRC, a deficiência de ferro é uma causa comum e reversível de anemia. O ferro sérico, capacidade total de ligação de ferro, ferritina sérica e cálculo da saturação percentual de transferrina são utilizados para estimar os estoques de ferro. A deficiência de ferro é comum entre pacientes com doença renal crônica, recomenda-se monitorar todos os pacientes com DRC quanto à anemia e deficiência de ferro. Recomenda-se administrar ferro para a maioria dos pacientes com DRC que têm um SPT ≤ 20% e uma concentração de ferritina sérica ≤ 100 ng/mL, esses pacientes provavelmente têm estoques reduzidos de ferro. Recomenda-se ferro para a maioria dos pacientes anêmicos com DRC que têm SPT ≤30% e ferritina ≤500 ng/mL. Esses pacientes podem responder à administração suplementar de ferro com um aumento no nível de Hb. Não se recoemenda tratar com ferro pacientes com SPT >30%, pois é improvável que esses pacientes respondam ao ferro.

The Fate of an Amazonian Savanna: Government Land-Use Planning Endangers Sustainable Development in Amapá, the Most Protected Brazilian State

Although Amapa´ is the most protected Brazilian state, the same level of protection does not extend to its savannas. These are currently suffering increased pressure from threats including large-scale agriculture, particularly the expansion of soybean plantations. In September 2016, the Government of Amapa´ presented a zoning proposal (Zoneamento Socioambiental do Cerrado [ZSC]) that reserves most of the savannas for agricultural activities. Here, we outline how the methodology employed is flawed because it does not include fauna surveys, evaluations of ecosystem services or an assessment of the social importance of the savannas. The ZSC authors admit that, contrary to Brazilian legislation, the zoning was carried out with the single intention of increasing agriculture production. Current knowledge indicates that Amapa´’s savannas are rich in biodiversity, including endemic and threatened species, and are also home to a rich culture of traditional populations. These savannas are important providers of ecosystem services that, if intact, could represent around US$ 1.52 billion annually. We hold that the ZSC should be reformulated, with fair participation of stakeholders, in accordance with Brazil’s legal requirements. At least 30% of the savannas should be protected, local family farming should be supported, and the rights of traditional peoples must now be assured through recognition of their land rights

The Fate of an Amazonian Savanna: Government Land-Use Planning Endangers Sustainable Development in Amapá, the Most Protected Brazilian State

Although Amapa´ is the most protected Brazilian state, the same level of protection does not extend to its savannas. These are currently suffering increased pressure from threats including large-scale agriculture, particularly the expansion of soybean plantations. In September 2016, the Government of Amapa´ presented a zoning proposal (Zoneamento Socioambiental do Cerrado [ZSC]) that reserves most of the savannas for agricultural activities. Here, we outline how the methodology employed is flawed because it does not include fauna surveys, evaluations of ecosystem services or an assessment of the social importance of the savannas. The ZSC authors admit that, contrary to Brazilian legislation, the zoning was carried out with the single intention of increasing agriculture production. Current knowledge indicates that Amapa´’s savannas are rich in biodiversity, including endemic and threatened species, and are also home to a rich culture of traditional populations. These savannas are important providers of ecosystem services that, if intact, could represent around US$ 1.52 billion annually. We hold that the ZSC should be reformulated, with fair participation of stakeholders, in accordance with Brazil’s legal requirements. At least 30% of the savannas should be protected, local family farming should be supported, and the rights of traditional peoples must now be assured through recognition of their land rights

Biodiversity, threats and conservation challenges in the Cerrado of Amapá, an Amazonian savanna

An Amazonian savanna in northern Brazil known as the Cerrado of Amapá is under imminent threat from poor land-use planning, the expansion of large-scale agriculture and other anthropogenic pressures. These savannas house a rich and unique flora and fauna, including endemic plants and animals. However, the area remains under-sampled for most taxa, and better sampling may uncover new species. We estimate that only ∼9.16% of these habitats have any kind of protection, and legislative changes threaten to further weaken or remove this protection. Here we present the status of knowledge concerning the biodiversity of the Cerrado of Amapá, its conservation status, and the main threats to the conservation of this Amazonian savanna. To secure the future of these unique and imperilled habitats, we suggest urgent expansion of protected areas, as well as measures that would promote less-damaging land uses to support the local population. Copyright © 2017 Karen Mustin et al

Represas de abastecimento público de Juiz de Fora: mananciais da vida

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Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio